1)

WHEN IT IS DIFFICULT TO SEPARATE CHALAH B'TAHARAH (Yerushalmi Chalah Perek 2 Halachah 2 Daf 13a)

[ãó éâ òîåã à] îúðé' îé ùàéðå éëåì ìòùåú òéñúå áèäøä éòùðä ÷áéï åàì éòùðä áèåîàä.

(a)

(Mishnah): One who cannot make his dough in Taharah, he makes it Kavin (each dough is a Kav, i.e. less than the Shi'ur of Chalah), and does not make it b'Tum'ah.

åøáé ò÷éáä àåîø éòùðä áèåîàä åàì éòùðä ÷áéï ùëùí ùäåà ÷åøà ìèäåøä ëê äåà ÷åøà ìèîàä.

(b)

R. Akiva says, he makes it b'Tum'ah, and does not make it Kavin, for just like he calls [declares Chalah] for Tahor, he calls for Temei'ah.

ìæå ÷åøà çìä áùí åìæå ÷åøà çìä áùí. àáì ÷áééí àéï ìäï çìä áùí.

1.

To this [a Tahor dough] he declares Chalah with Shem (Hash-m's name, i.e. in a Brachah - R. SHLOMO SIRILIYO), and to this [a Tamei dough] he declares Chalah with Shem, but Kavim have no Chalah with Shem.

äòåùä òéñúå ÷áéï åðâòå æä áæä ôèåøéï îï äçìä òã ùéùåëå.

(c)

If one makes his dough Kavin, and they touched each other, they are exempt from Chalah until Yashochu (they touch, and if one separates them, part of one will stick to the other).

øáé àìéòæø àåîø (àó - ø"ù ñéøéìéå, äâø"à îåç÷å) äøåãä åðåúï ìñì äñì îöøôï ìçìä:

(d)

R. Eliezer says, if one removes [loaves from the wall of the oven] and puts them in a basket, the basket joins them for Chalah.

âî' îä ôçåú îàøáòú îéì éòùðä áèäøä. àøáòú îéì éòùðä ÷áéï. àé àøáòú îéì éòùðä áèäøä éåúø îàøáòú îéì éòùðä ÷áéï.

(e)

(Gemara) Question: [Above (12b), we said that to separate Chalah b'Taharah, one must go four Mil. Does this mean that if he can go] less than four Mil [and separate b'Taharah], he does it b'Taharah, but if he would need to go four Mil, he may make it Kavin? Or, he must go four Mil to do it b'Taharah, but if he would need to go more than four Mil, he may make it Kavin?

ðùîòéð' îï äãà ãà"ø çééà áø ååà ëâåï ÷éñøéï. [ãó ëà òîåã á (òåæ åäãø)] å÷ñøéï ìàå àøáòú îéìéï äéà. äãà àîøä àøáòú îéì éòùðä áèäøä éåúø îàøáòú îéì éòùðä ÷áéï.

(f)

Answer: We learn from the following. R. Chiya bar Va said, e.g. [from here] to Kisarin [one must go to do his dough b'Taharah]. Is not Kisarin four Mil away? This teaches that four Mil, he does it b'Taharah, and more than four Mil, he may make it Kavin. (HA'GAON RAV C. KANIEVSKY, SHLITA - R. Chiya bar Va was in Tiverya. Presumably, it was four Mil from the gate of one city to the other. (PF) Alternatively, anyone in Tiverya considered Kisarin to be four Mil away, even though the true distance depended on from where in Tiverya he begins. This Halachah depends on a person's estimation of the distance!)

ø' àîé äåøé áëôø ùîé ìòùåú òéñä âãåìä áèåîàä.

(g)

R. Ami ruled in Kefar Shamai to make a big dough b'Tum'ah.

åäìà àéï ùí àøáòú îéìéï.

(h)

Question: There was less than four Mil [to where they could do b'Taharah]!

îëéåï ãðäøà îôñé÷ ëîé ùéù ùí àøáòú îéì.

(i)

Answer: Since a river interrupted (it was a toil to cross it), it is as if there was [more than] four Mil.

(îúðéú' ãø"ò) [ö"ì îä ëø"ò - ùòøé úåøú àøõ éùøàì] ãø"ò àîø éòùðä áèåîàä åàì éòùðä ÷áéï.

(j)

Question: [Did he rule unlike Chachamim in our Mishnah,] like R. Akiva?! R. Akiva says, he makes it b'Tum'ah, and does not make it Kavin [and Chachamim argue]!

òéñä âãåìä äéúä ðåç äéä ìå ìäìê ëîä åìà ìòùåúä ÷áéï.

(k)

Answer: It was a big dough, and [if not for the river] he would have preferred to go far (more than four Mil to do it b'Taharah) rather than do it Kavin. (Chachamim did not burden one to go more than four Mil. All the more so they would not burden to do it Kavin, if this is more toil for him than going four Mil - GRA.)

îçìôä ùéèúéä ãø"ò úîï äåà àîø ðåèì î÷á çìä åëà äåà àîø äëéï.

(l)

Question: R. Akiva contradicts himself! There (below, 4:2) he says that one takes Chalah from a Kav [and it is Chalah], and here he says so [that doing it Kavin exempts]?!

úîï ìùòáø áøí äëà ìëúçéìä:

(m)

Answer: There, b'Di'eved (if he took Chalah, it is Chalah). Here, l'Chatchilah (one does not separate from a Kav).

øáé éåðä øáé çééä áùí øáé éåçðï øáé éåñé øáé àéîé áùí øáé éåçðï åäï ùðùëå.

(n)

(R. Yonah citing R. Chiyah citing R. Yochanan, and R. Yosi citing R. Imi citing R. Yochanan): [R. Eliezer says that if he put them in a basket, the basket joins them] - this is if Nashchu.

àéú úðéé úðé äñì îöèøó åàéï äúðåø îöøó. åàéú úðéé úðé äúðåø îöøó åàéï äñì îöøó.

(o)

(Beraisa): Some teach that the basket joins, but the oven does not join, and some teach that the oven joins, but a basket does not join.

àîø øáé éåçðï (àéúéúéä îãçéìôéé - äâø"à îåç÷å) ðùëå ëàï åëàï îöøó. ìà ðùëå ëàï åëàï àéðå îöøó.

(p)

(R. Yochanan): If Nashchu, here and here (a basket and oven both) join. Without Nashchu, here and here do not join;

[ãó ëá òîåã à (òåæ åäãø)] îúðéúà ëâåï àéìéï øéôú' ãááì:

1.

The Beraisa discusses big loaves of Bavel. (They rest on top of each other; it is as if Nashchu. Some teach that only the basket joins, and some teach that only the oven joins.)