Question: Granted, [when he said] she'Ani To'em, since he did not need to say so, and he said, he comes to increase Isurim;

However, [when he said] she'Ani Ochel how can we answer? He could not [vow] through saying only "Konam these Peros", for this connotes eating and Hana'ah, and he wanted to forbid them only for eating!

Therefore, when he said she'Ani Ochel, there is no indication that this is to forbid what comes from them!

Answer: Since he could have said "Konam these Peros Alai for eating", and he said [rather] she'Ani Ochel, this connotes even what comes from them.

Consequence: Based on this, in a Shevu'ah, in which he could not say "Alai for eating", for this is an expression of a Neder, you are forced to say that she'Ani Ochel does not forbid what comes from them.

Opinion #3: Others forbid. This is the Rambam's opinion, who does not distinguish between Neder and Shevu'ah, for it is not due to extra words;

Rather, the words themselves prove so. She'Ani Ochel and she'Ani To'em connote that he forbids all eating and tasting that come from them.

Mishnah: If one vowed from dates... from Stavaniyos, he is permitted vinegar of Stavaniyos.

Explanation: Stavaniyos are grapes that do not ripen. They remain [on the vine] in winter (Stav).

Mishnah: Any derivative that is called on the name of [the food from which it came].

Explanation: E.g. date honey and vinegar of Stavaniyos.

Remark: The Gemara asks that Chachamim are just like the first Tana.

Question: Who is the first Tana? It is not R. Yosi, and not Rabanan!

We said above in the argument about whey and milk "wherever they call [whey] "whey of milk", even Rabanan forbid. Date honey and Stavaniyos vinegar should be forbidden for this reason!

Answer #1: [Here] is different. Whey and milk did not change from their original form. Also initially, when [the whey] was mixed in the milk, it had the same form;

However, here the matter itself changed. The Rashba said so.

Answer #2: Also, they call whey "whey of milk" because it is still considered milk, and not to distinguish it from other whey. Only this (whey of milk) is called whey;

However, here, when people say 'date honey' and 'Stavaniyos vinegar', this is not because they are still considered dates and Stavaniyos;

Rather, it is to distinguish date honey from other honey, and Stavaniyos vinegar from other vinegar.

The text: This is the text of the Ramban in his Halachos. It means that they argue as follows. The first Tana argues with R. Shimon ben Elazar about both of them;

The first Tana holds that whether it is normal to eat it, or it is not normal to eat it, he is forbidden it, but not what comes from it;

R. Shimon ben Elazar holds that if it is normal to eat it, and to eat what comes from it, both of them are forbidden;

If it is not normal to eat it, and it is normal to eat what comes from it, he is forbidden what comes from it, but not it;

Remark: Regarding this, he holds totally opposite to the first Tana.

R. Yehudah ben Beseirah holds like R. Shimon regarding what is normal to eat it and it is normal to eat what comes from it. He is forbidden both of them;

He argues with him about what it is not normal to eat it, and it is normal to eat what comes from it. R. Yehudah ben Beseirah does not distinguish, and forbids both of them;

R. Shimon ben Elazar distinguishes, and forbids only what comes from it.

The latter Rabanan of our Mishnah are R. Shimon ben Elazar. Their Heter refers to what is not normal to eat it. They permit the food itself.

Explanation: It seems to me that their words connote that [they argue about] this case, since it taught Stam "and Chachamim permit", which connotes that they argue with both [Tana'im that preceded them], and what the first Tana and R. Yehudah ben Beseirah agree is forbidden, they permit.

This is why it is obvious that they refer to Stavaniyos, for there is a reason to permit. Since it is not normal to eat them, we can say that he intended only for what comes from them;

Regarding dates, which both [previous Tana'im] agree is forbidden, we cannot say that the latter Rabanan permit the dates, for there is no reason to permit the dates themselves.

Gemara: Regarding the Halachah.

Ruling: We hold like the first Tana. Both regarding dates and Stavaniyos, he is forbidden only them, but not their honey and vinegar.

Mishnah: If one vowed from wine, he may drink apple wine.

Explanation: [It is permitted] because it has an accompanying name; it is not called wine Stam.

Mishnah: He is permitted Kaplutos (large leeks).

Explanation: They are not included in Kerishin (leeks).

Mishnah: He is permitted Yerakos of the field.

Explanation: Stam Yerek is Yerek of a garden.

Mishnah: Aspargus (a type of cabbage).

Translation: 'Aspargus' is a type of cabbage.

Mishnah: He is forbidden Mikpah (porridge of grain).

Explanation: Mikpah is a thick dish of Grisin. It is forbidden because Mikpah is called Grisin.

Mishnah: R. Yosi permits.

Explanation: In his locale, they call Mikpah [only] 'Mikpah', and Grisin [only] 'Grisin' (but not vice-versa).

Mishnah: He is forbidden garlic.

Explanation: Because 'Mikpah' includes solidified and thick. Also garlic is called Mikpah, because they dissolve it in a small amount of water, and it is eaten so.

Mishnah: He may eat them raw.

Explanation: One who eat raw, he does not chew one at a time by itself. However, bread, which is one entity, is called 'Chitah'.

Support (Yerushalmi) Question: [He said] 'Chitah', and you say so (he is forbidden bread)?! This is said in astonishment.

Citation (Yerushalmi) Answer (R. Yosi): It is normal for a person who sees bread to say 'blessed is He who created this wheat'.

Gemara: Sesame oil is permitted.

Explanation: In Eretz Yisrael they use only olive oil.

Gemara: It is a Safek Isur; we are stringent.

Explanation: Since there is a minority who use that species, there is a doubt - perhaps he intended even for these.

Gemara: He is forbidden garden Yerakos.

Explanation: Stam Yerek is of a garden, and not field Yerek, which has an accompanying name.

Distinction: However, even so, one who vows from wine is forbidden cooked wine. And so wrote the Ramban.

Explanation: This is unlike field Yerek, which are a different species. Wine and cooked wine are one species. It does not lose its name just because it was cooked.

Gemara: In Shemitah, Yerakos of the field are forbidden.

Explanation: If he vowed in Shemitah, you cannot say that he intended for garden Yerakos, for people do not seed or plant in Shemitah! Rather, surely he intended for Yerakos of the field, which grow by themselves.

Gemara: However, in a place where they bring Yerakos from Chutz la'Aretz to [Eretz Yisrael], they are forbidden.

Explanation: I.e. he is forbidden both (Yerakos of the field and of a garden), for it is a like a place where people use this and this.

Gemara: Due to a clod [of soil].

Explanation: We are concerned [and forbid] bringing, due to concern for a clod of soil stuck to it. A clod of soil of Eretz ha'Amim is Tamei, like it says in Shabbos (15b)

Gemara: 'Wheat that I will taste', he may not bake.

Explanation: It is called wheat bread, for it is one entity.

Distinction: However, 'Chitim' implies eating raw, for a person eats separate wheat [kernels] together.