1)

BATHING OR EATING WITH THE MUDAR (Yerushalmi Perek 4 Halachah 4 Daf 14b)

אבל לא באמבטי קטנה דהוא (מפתח) [צ"ל מתפח - עלי תמר] ליה.

(a)

[He may] not [bathe with him] in a small [tub], for he inflates (raises the level of the water) for him

1.

Note: Even in a big tub, he raises the level of the water a little. However, one who vows does not intend for such tiny benefits. If one vowed Stam from a loaf, perhaps he may warm his hands on it (Sof Halachah 2 - PF).

תני רוחץ עמו במרחץ קטנה. דו נסב אשונה.

(b)

(Beraisa): He may bathe with him in a small steambath, for he takes some of his sweat (this is painful, and not beneficial).

תני מן התמחוי החוזר. מהו תמחוי החוזר.

(c)

Question: [Our Mishnah] taught that he may eat with him from a platter that returns. What is a platter that returns?

תמן אמרין פוסגתא.

(d)

Answer #1: There (in Bavel) they say Posagta (it contains pieces; every guest takes one).

רבנין דהכא אמרין תמחוי שיש בו לאכול ולשבוע ולהותיר.

(e)

Answer #2: Rabanan here (in Eretz Yisrael): It is platter that has enough to eat, be satiated and have extra.

תני מן הכוס החוזר.

(f)

(Beraisa): [He may drink with him] from a cup that returns.

אי זהו כוס החוזר.

(g)

Question: What is a cup that returns?

תמן אמרין קונדיטון.

(h)

Answer #1: There (in Bavel) they say heavily spiced wine. (Normally, everyone drinks only a little, so everyone has as much as he wants.)

רבנין דהכא אמרין מליי מי סורס וקדחין ושתיין ומחזירין:

(i)

Answer #2: Here (in Eretz Yisrael) they say that it has water of herbs and roots; people drink, and it returns [to the Ba'al ha'Bayis].

2)

MAY THE MADIR AND MUDAR WORK TOGETHER? (Yerushalmi Perek 4 Halachah 5 Daf 14b)

מתני' לא יאכל עמו מן האבוס שלפני הפועלים לא יעשה עמו באומן דברי ר' מאיר

(a)

(Mishnah): He may not eat with him from a food bin set out in front of workers. He may not plow with him in the same row. R. Meir says so;

וחכמים אומרים עושה הוא ברחוק ממנו:

1.

Chachamim say, he may [plow] far from him.

גמ' על דעתיה דר"מ אסור [דף טו עמוד א] ללמדו אומנות. על דעתיה דר' מאיר אסור ללמד עליו זכות:

(b)

(Gemara): According to R. Meir, one may not teach him a trade (even though it is needed to live). According to R. Meir, he may not give a reason to vindicate him (in his judgment).

1.

Note: KORBAN HA'EDAH says that advocating Zechus is forbidden, just like teaching him a trade, even though it is his livelihood. This connotes even for capital cases. Above (Halachah 4), we suggested that indeed, if he cannot permit the vow, Piku'ach Nefesh overrides the vow! There, the Gemara distinguished, and was stringent only when the Choleh vowed. If here we discuss only monetary cases, we can say that Chachamim permit, for it is like Hashavas Aveidah. This requires investigation. (PF)