D.A.F.'s Moadim section

1) -

Who composed the Piyut "Atah Konanta"?

2) פֵּאַרְתּוֹ בְּבִגְדֵי שְׂרָד... -

What types of sins do the priestly garments atone for?

3) ציץ ומעיל... -

The bells of the Me'il served the function of announcing the Kohen Gadol's entry into the Kodesh (Shemos 28:35). During the Avodah of Yom Kippur, when the Me'il was not worn, what accomplished this function - or was this unnecessary on Yom Kippur?

1. Insights to Yoma 52:1, citing Rabeinu Chananel

4) קטרת רקח מרקחת, ובעור גחלים -

What disqualifications apply equally to the Ketores, and to the coals it is to be burned on?

1. Insights to Yoma 48:2

5) קטרת רקח מרקחת -

What does Ketores represent? What sin does the Ketores of Yom Kippur atone for?

1. Yosef Da'as to Yoma 44:p1, ד"ה על מה קטורת

2. Yosef Da'as to Yoma 45:p2

6) שׁוּעַת קְטֹרֶת -

Is "Ma'aleh Ashan," which makes the smoke of the Ketores rise directly upwards, a crucial ingredient of the Ketores?

1. Insights to Yoma 38:1

2. Insights to Yoma 53:1

7) שׁוּעַת קְטֹרֶת וּתְפִלַּת אֱמֶת -

What source compares Tefilah to Ketores? How does the responsibility of the Shliach Tzibur parallel that of the Kohen Gadol?

1. Yosef Da'as to Yoma 18:p6, ד"ה משביעין

2. Yosef Da'as to Pesachim 86:p2, ד"ה זו לשון

3. Insights to Yoma 71:1:b

8) וּקְדֻשָּׁתוֹ מְכַפֶּרֶת עֲוֹנוֹתֵינוּ -

How does the sanctity of the Kohen Gadol rub off upon those around him?

1. Yosef Da'as to Yoma 18:p5 ד"ה והכהן, ד"ה פר

2. Yosef Da'as to Yoma 39:p3, ד"ה וכבר אמר

9) כמלאך מיכאל משרת -

What sources tell us that the Mal'ach Michael serves as the Kohen in Shamayim? What Korban does Michael offer, and what is its meaning?

1. Insights to Menachos 110:2

2. Agadah Elucidations for Menachos 110:2:b

3. Yosef Da'as to Chagigah 12:p3, ד"ה זבול

4. Yosef Da'as to Menachos 110:p1, ד"ה לעולם

10) תחת אהרן מגזעו יעמד, לשרת לפניך ביום הסליחה -

Subsequent Kohanim perform this Avodah and enter the Kodesh ha'Kodashim, only on the "Day of Forgiveness," Yom Kippur. But was Aharon himself limited to that day?

1. Insights to Yoma 32:1

11) שִׁבְעַת יָמִים בִּזְבוּלֵנוּ יִלְמֹד -

Its seems from this Piyut that the purpose of the Kohen Gadol's stay in the Beis Hamikdash, was practical - to learn the order of the Avodah, by fully involving himself in the Mikdash for seven days. But what sources and reasons does our Gemara give for his seven-day stay? Would failure to do so invalidate him for the Avodah?

1. Insights to Yoma 3:2

2. Insights to Yoma 4:2

3. Yosef Da'as to Yoma 4:p5

4. Yosef Da'as to Yoma 6:p4, ח:א

12) ומזין עליו שלישי ושביעי -

Which Tana is of this view, that we sprinkle on the Kohen Gadol only twice? Is there a case in which we do not sprinkle even on these two days?

1. Yosef Da'as to Yoma 8:, יב:א

13) משביעין אותו -

If the Kohen Gadol was indeed a Tzeduki, how would the oath be effective in dissuading him?

1. Yosef Da'as to Yoma 18:p4, ד"ה הפרי-חדש

14) שמא יש בלבו צד מינות -

What punishment befell the Tzeduki Kohen Gadol, who put the Ketores to burn outside the Kodesh ha'Kodashim - and why? Was it common that a Kohen who was unworthy would die on the spot, in the Kodesh ha'Kodashim?

1. Insights to Yoma 19:2

2. Yosef Da'as to Yoma 19:p2, ד"ה פגע

3. Rabbi Landy's Lecture for Yoma 9 from 32:50 til 42:55

15) וְהֵם פּוֹרְשִׁים ובוֹכִים, שֶׁחָשְׁדוּ לְמִי שֶׁמַּעֲשָׂיו סְתוּמִים -

If this was a standard oath for every Kohen Gadol, why would he cry? Why would the Chachamim administering the oath then cry?

1. Yosef Da'as to Yoma 19:p2, ד"ה הוא פורש ובוכה

16) ומעבירים לפניו פרים ואילים וכבשים, כדי שיהא מכיר ורגיל בעבודה -

What was the purpose of this procession? Which animals were not led before the Kohen Gadol?

1. Yosef Da'as to Yoma 18:p2, ד"ה ומעבירין, til ד"ה כיון

2. Yosef Da'as to Yoma 18:p5, ד"ה פר, til p6

3. Yerushalmi for Yoma 18:1:f, til i

17) וערב יום הכיפורים -

What other precautions were taken on the eve of Yom Kipur? See the Piyut "Amitz Ko'ach" -

1. Moadim Page for Yom Kippur section 27 question 13 til 15

הקדמה	Introduction
אַתָּה כּוֹנַנְתָּ עוֹלָם מֵרֹאשׁ, יָסַדְתָּ תֵבֵל וְהַכֹּל פָּעַלְתָּ, וּבְרִיּוֹת בּוֹ יָצַרְתָּ.	You established the world in advance, laid the foundations for civilization and set all in motion, and fashioned creatures therein.
בְּשׁוּרְךָ עוֹלָם תֹּהוּ וָבֹהוּ וְחֹשֶׁךְ עַל פְּנֵי תְהוֹם, גֵּרַשְׁתָּ אֹפֶל וְהִצַּבְתָּ נֹּגַהּ.	When You saw the world was empty and void, and darkness upon the depths, You banished the gloom and emplaced light.
גֹּלֶם תַּבְנִיתְךָ מִן הָאֲדָמָה יָצַרְתָּ, וְעַל עֵץ הַדַּעַת אוֹתוֹ פָּקַדְתָּ.	The form of [Your] mold (i.e., Man), You did fashion from the earth. You charged him about the Tree of Knowledge;
דְּבָרְךָ זָנַח וְנִזְנַח מֵעֵדֶן, וְלֹא כִלִּיתוֹ לְמַעַן אֶרֶךְ אַפֶּךָ.	He neglected Your word, and was expelled from Eden, yet You did not finish him off, for the sake of Your Forbearance.
הִגְדַּלְתָּ פִרְיוֹ וּבֵרַכְתָּ זַרְעוֹ, וְהִפְרִיתָם בְּטוּבְךָ וְהוֹשַׁבְתָּם שָׁקֶט.	You increased his offspring and blessed his seed; in Your goodness You increased them, and let them dwell tranquilly.
וַיִּפְרְקוּ עֹל וַיֹּאמְרוּ לָקֵ-ל, 'סוּר מִמֶּנּוּ', וַהֲסִירֹתָ יָד כְּרָגַע כֶּחָצִיר אֻמְלָלוּ.	But they threw off their yoke, saying to G-d, 'Leave us alone'! You withdrew Your Hand for but a moment; they were cut down like grass.
זָכַרְתָּ בְרִית לְתָמִים בְּדוֹרוֹ, וּבִזְכוּתוֹ שַׂמְתָּ לָעוֹלָם שְׁאֵרִית.	You recalled Your covenant to the wholesome one in his generation (Noach); in his merit You allowed a remnant for the world.
חֹק בְּרִית קֶשֶׁת לְמַעֲנוֹ כָּרַתָּ, וּבְאַהֲבַת נִיחֹחוֹ בָּנָיו בֵּרַכְתָּ.	For his sake you established the covenant of the rainbow; for the love caused by his offering You blessed his children.
טָעוּ בְעָשְׁרָם וַיִּבְנוּ מִגְדָּל, וַיֹּאמְרוּ לְכוּ וְנַעֲלֶה וְנִבְקַע הָרָקִיעַ לְהִלָּחֶם בּוֹ.	They erred due to their wealth and built a tower; they said, 'Let us ascend and penetrate the heavens, to battle Him.'
יָחִיד אַב הֲמוֹן פִּתְאֹם כְּכוֹכָב זָרַח מֵאוּר כַּשְׂדִּים לְהָאִיר בַּחֹשֶׁךְ.	The unique father of multitudes (Avraham) suddenly shone forth from Ur Kasdim like a star, to give light amidst the darkness.
כַּעַסְךָ הֵפַרְתָּ בְּשׁוּרְךָ פָעֳלוֹ, וּלְעֵת שֵׂיבָתוֹ לְבָבוֹ חָקַרְתָּ.	You annulled Your anger upon seeing his deeds. In his old age You examined his heart;
לִוְיַת חֵן מִמֶּנּוּ הוֹצֵאתָ, טָלֶה טָהוֹר מִכֶּבֶשׂ נִבְחָר.	A companion of grace (Yitzchak) you brought forth from him, a pure lamb from a choice sheep.
מִגִּזְעוֹ אִישׁ תָּם הוֹצֵאתָ, חָתוּם בִּבְרִיתְךָ מֵרֶחֶם לֻקָּח.	From his stock you brought forth the wholesome man (Yaakov); sealed with your covenant, selected from the womb.
נָתַתָּ לּוֹ שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר שְׁבָטִים, אֲהוּבֵי עֶלְיוֹן, עֲמוּסִים מִבֶּטֶן נִקְרָאוּ.	You gave him twelve tribes beloved on High, known as carried lovingly by You since birth.
שַׂמְתָּ עַל לֵוִי לִוְיַת חֵן וָחֶסֶד, וּמִכָּל אֶחָיו כֶּתֶר לוֹ עִטַּרְתָּ.	Upon Levi You placed a complement of grace and kindness, placing upon him a crown, out of all his brothers.
עַמְרָם נִבְחַר מִזֶּרַע לֵוִי, אַהֲרֹן קְדוֹשׁ ה' לְשָׁרֶתְךָ קִדַּשְׁתָּ.	Amram was selected from Levi's offspring; Aharon, holy unto Hashem, You sanctified to serve You.
פֵּאַרְתּוֹ בְּבִגְדֵי שְׂרָד, וּבְקָרְבְּנוֹתָיו הֵפֵר כַּעַסְךָ.	With the vestments of the priesthood You gave him splendor; and through his offerings he annulled Your anger.
צִיץ וּמְעִיל, חשֶׁן וְאֵפוֹד, כְּתֹנֶת וּמִכְנְסֵי בַד, מִצְנֶפֶת וְאַבְנֵט.	The Tzitz, and Me'il, Choshen and Efod; the linen Kesones and Michnasayim, the Mitznefes and Avnet.
קָרְבְּנוֹת פָּרִים וְעוֹלוֹת כְּבָשִׂים וּשְׁחִיטַת שְׂעִירִים וְנִיחֹחֵי אֵילִים.	Bulls as offerings; sheep as burnt offerings; slaughtering of goats, pleasing offerings of rams.
רֵיחַ קְטֹרֶת רֹקַח מִרְקַחַת וּבִעוּר גֶּחָלִים, וּזְרִיקַת דָּם וּסְפִירַת יֹשֶׁר.	The pleasing aroma of well-perfumed incense, burning coals, throwing the blood and accurate counting.
שׁוּעַת קְטֹרֶת וּתְפִלַּת אֱמֶת, וּקְדֻשָּׁתוֹ מְכַפֶּרֶת עֲוֹנוֹתֵינוּ.	Rising of the incense and true prayer; his sanctity would atone for our iniquities.
תֹּכֶן בּוּץ וַעֲרִיכַת אֶבֶן, מְחֻגָּר בְּכֻלָּם, כַּמַּלְאָךְ [מִיכָאֵל] מְשָׁרֵת.	The linen ensemble, and the [gold vestments with] arranged stones; girded with them all like the angel [Michael] who serves (in Heaven).
תִּכַּנְתָּ כָל אֵלֶּה לִכְבוֹד אַהֲרן, כְּלִי כַפָּרָה לְיִשְׂרָאֵל שַׂמְתּוֹ, וְעַל יָדוֹ סְלִיחַת הֶעָוֹן נָתַתָּ.	For Aharon's glory You established all these; You made him the instrument of atonement for Yisrael; through him You granted forgiveness of sin.

הכנות ליום כפור	Preparations for Yom Kippur
תַּחַת אַהֲרֹן מִגִּזְעוֹ יַעֲמֹד, לְשָׁרֵת לְפָנֶיךָ בְּיוֹם הַסְּלִיחָה.	In Aharon's stead arose from his progeny [a Kohen Gadol] to serve before You on the Day of Forgiveness.
תּוֹרַת מַעֲשֶׂה וַעֲבוֹדַת הַיּוֹם, שִׁבְעַת יָמִים בִּזְבוּלֵנוּ יִלְמֹד, וּמַזִּין עָלָיו שְׁלִישִׁי וּשְׁבִיעִי.	For seven days in our Dwelling (the Beis Hamikdash), he would learn the Torah pertaining to the process and service of the day. They sprinkled [Parah-Adumah water] upon him on the third and seventh day.
שְׁלוּמֵי זִקְנֵי עָם וְחַכְמֵי אֶחָיו הַכֹּהֲנִים תָּמִיד יְסוֹבְבוּהוּ, עַד בּוֹא יוֹם הֶעָשׂוֹר. וְעֶרֶב יוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים שַׁחֲרִית מַשְׁבִּיעִין אוֹתוֹ בְּמִי שֶׁשִּׁכֵּן שְׁמוֹ בַּבַּיִת הַזֶּה, שֶׁלֹּא יְשַׁנֶּה מִכָּל מַה שֶּׁאָמְרוּ לוֹ, שֶׁמָּא יֵשׁ בְּלִבּוֹ צַד מִינוּת. הוּא פוֹרֵשׁ וּבוֹכֶה עַל שֶׁחֲשָׁדוּהוּ, וְהֵם פּוֹרְשִׁים וּבוֹכִים, שֶׁחָשְׁדוּ לְמִי שֶׁמַּעֲשָׂיו סְתוּמִים, שֶׁמָּא אֵין בְּלִבּוֹ כְּלוּם. וְאוֹמְרִים לוֹ:	The faithful leaders of the nation, and the sages of his brethren the Kohanim, encircled him constantly, until the tenth day of the month came near. On the morning of Erev Yom Kippur, they administered an oath by He Whose Name dwells in this House, that he must not deviate from anything they have told him - lest he have in his heart an inclination to heresy. He would turn aside and cry that they suspected him, and they would turn aside and cry, for having suspected someone whose deeds were unspecified - perhaps his heart had no such [leanings]. They say unto him,
רְאֵה לִפְנֵי מִי אַתָּה נִכְנָס, לִמְקוֹם אֵשׁ לַהֶבֶת שַׁלְהֶבֶת.	'See before Whom you will be entering - to a place of fire and blazing flame!
קְהַל עֲדָתֵנוּ עָלֶיךָ יִסְמֹכוּ, וְעַל יָדְךָ תְּהֵא סְלִיחָתֵנוּ.	The assembly of our nation will be relying upon you; through you shall come our forgiveness.'
צִוּוּהוּ וְהִרְגִּילוּהוּ עַד בּוֹא יוֹם הֶעָשׂוֹר. וְעֶרֶב יוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים שַׁחֲרִית הָיוּ מַעֲמִידִין אוֹתוֹ בְּשַׁעַר הַמִּזְרָח וּמַעֲבִירִים לְפָנָיו פָּרִים וְאֵילִים וּכְבָשִׂים, כְּדֵי שֶׁיְּהֵא מַכִּיר וְרָגִיל בָּעֲבוֹדָה.	They would charge him and train him until the tenth day came near. In the morning of Erev Yom Kippur they would position him at the Eastern Gate, and lead before him bulls, rams, and lambs, so that he would familiar and accustomed to the service.

AUTHORSHIP

THE KOHEN GADOL'S VESTMENTS

TEFILAH AND KETORES

THE KOHEN GADOL

7 DAYS OF PREPARATION

PURIFICATION

EREV YOM KIPPUR