(Mishnah): The following combinations of animals may not plow, pull or lead together - a Behemah (domesticated animal) with a Behemah; a Chaya (beast) with a beast; a Behemah with a Chaya; a Chaya with a Behemah; a non-Kasher with a non-Kasher; a Kasher with a Kasher; a non-Kasher with a Kasher and a Kasher with a non-Kasher.

One who leads them incurs forty lashes; one who sits in a carriage (that is pulled by them) incurs forty lashes. R. Meir exempts in that case. It's prohibited to tie a third animal to their straps.

(Gemara): A Beheymah with a Beheymah... I might think that one may not stand males and females of different breeds together (as it might cause them to mix-breed), but the pasuk states (Vayikra 19:19), "You shall not crossbreed your animals" - the prohibition is only to actively mate them, but to stand males and females together is permitted, as the animal is doing it of its own volition.

(Issi ben Akavia): Through a Kal Vechomer, we learn that one may not ride on a mule (which is a mixed breed of a horse and a donkey) as- if concerning clothes, that one may wear one on top of another (when one is wool and the other is linen), one may not mix them (in the same garment); concerning an animal that one may not lead two species together, certainly one may not ride on a mixed breed.

Question: But the pasuk states (Shmuel 2:13:29), "and they rode off, each one on his mule, and they fled"?

Answer: One cannot learn from the monarchy. (Even though they acted wrongly, nobody could protest them.)

Question: But the pasuk states (Melachim 1:1:33), "and you shall cause Shlomo my son to ride on my own mule"?

Answer: (That wasn't a mixed breed as) it was from the six days of creation.

(R. Chama bar Ukva citing R. Yosi bei R. Chanina): One who leads two different species with his voice incurs lashes.

Support (Baraisa): (One who borrows an animal) if he led it, pulled it or called it and it came, he becomes obligated to pay the lender (if something happened to the animal).

Question (Shmuel) (Baraisa): If an animal was standing beyond the Shabbos limits (2000 Amos around the city) and he called for it and it came, he is exempt...?

Answer: There, it worked of its own volition (as it could have run away); here, he yells at it, thereby forcing it to walk (from fear).

Question (Baraisa): (Concerning a Canaanite slave that goes free when the master knocked out his teeth, his eyes or other extremities of the body) if he hit the wall near his eye and blinded him or on the wall near his ear and deafened him, he does not go free...? (This shows that mere sound is not significant.)

(R. Elazar bei R. Yosi to R. Yosi): He is exempt because the slave could have escaped the shock. This is certainly true, as the Baraisa then continues to teach that if he had grabbed the slave, he would be obligated (to free him).

(The Mishnah taught that) if one sits in a carriage (he is liable. R. Meir exempts). Rabbanan say that by sitting there, he is affecting the carriage (through his weight and movement). R. Meir says that he is not.

Originally, people would tie two animals to pull a carriage, as the pasuk states (Bereishis 41:43), "And he had him ride in his secondary chariot" - secondary refers here to two animals. Paroh arose and had three (horses) tied to his chariot (to pursue Bnei Yisrael), as the pasuk states (Shemos 14:7), "(...and all of the chariots of Mitzrayim) and Shalishim over all of them. (Shalishim here refers to three horses tied to each chariot.) The evil kingdom (of Rome) arose and had four horses tied to it.