WHICH GRAINS ARE SUBSPECIES OF BARLEY? (Yerushalmi Chalah Perek 1 Halachah 1 Daf 2a)
[ãó â òîåã à (òåæ åäãø)] ø' éåãà áø ôæé áùí ø' éåðúï ãø' éùîòàì áðå ùì ø' éåçðï áï áøå÷ä äéà
(R. Yudah bar Pazi citing R. Yonason): [Our Mishnah listed wheat, barley, spelt, oats, and rye. All agree that oats are a kind of barley. Why was it not taught next to barley? This] is like R. Yishmael, the son of R. Yochanan ben Brokah (who holds that also spelt and rye are kinds of barley);
ãúðé ø' (éåçðï) éùîòàì áðå ùì ø"é á"á àåîø éëåì îáéà îï äëåñîéï åùáåìú ùåòì åäùéôåï
(Beraisa - R. Yishmael, the son of R. Yochanan ben Brokah) Suggestion: Perhaps one may bring [the Omer] from spelt, oats, and rye!
åãéï äåà åîä àí äçèéí ùëùøå ìùàø ëì äîðçå' ìà ëùøå ìîðçú äòåîø. ëåñîéï åùáåìú ùåòì åäùéôåï ùìà ëùøå ìùàø ëì äîðçåú àéðå ãéï ùìà éëùøå ìîðçú äòåîø.
Rejection: A Kal v'Chomer rejects this! Wheat is Kosher for all other Menachos, but it is not Kosher for the Omer. Spelt, oats, and rye, which are not Kosher for all other Menachos, all the more so they are not Kosher for the Omer.
äùòåøé' éåëéçå ùìà ëùøå ìùàø ëì äîðçåú åëùøå ìîðçú äòåîø.
Question: Barley refutes this! It is not Kosher for all other Menachos, but it is Kosher for the Omer!
ìà àí àîøú áùòåøéï ùîðçú ñåèä áàä îäï. úàîø áëåñîéï åùáåìú ùåòì åùéôåï ùàéï îðçú ñåèä áàä îäï.
Answer: [You cannot refute this from barley. It is Kosher for the Omer, for] Minchas Sotah comes from it. You cannot learn to spelt, oats, and rye, for Minchas Sotah does not come from them.
éöàå äçéèéí îï äëúåá. åëåñîéï åùáåìú ùåòì åäùéôåï î÷"å.
Conclusion: A verse excludes wheat (we learn from a Gezeirah Shavah "Aviv-Aviv"), and a Kal v'Chomer excludes spelt, oats, and rye.
à"ø éåñé îé ñáåø ñáø øáé éäåãà áï ôæé ùîðçú äòåîø áàä îï äëåñîéï åùáåìú ùåòì åäùéôåï
Question (R. Yosi): Does R. Yudah bar Pazi hold that [one who argues with R. Yishmael holds that] Minchas ha'Omer may come from spelt, oats, and rye?!
àéìå îï ãàîø úàðéí ùçåøåú òìé ùîà àéðå îåúø áìáðåú àìà ùçåøåú àîø ìáðåú ìà àîø. [ãó â òîåã á (òåæ åäãø)] åäëà ùòåøä àáéá àîø ùáåìú ùåòì àáéá ìà àîø.
If one said 'black figs are forbidden to me', is he not permitted white?! He said black, he did not say white! And [similarly] here, it says Se'orah Aviv (i.e. from a Gezeirah Shavah Aviv-Aviv we learn Se'orah), Shiboles Shu'al Aviv was not said!
[ãó á òîåã á] áøí ëøáðéï â' îéðéï äï äùéôåï îéï ëåñîéï ùáåìú ùåòì îéï ùòåøéï.
Answer: (Surely no one says so!) Rather, [R. Yudah bar Pazi teaches that] like Rabanan, that there are three species. Rye is a kind of spelt, and oats is a kind of barley. (Had they taught our Mishnah, they would have put oats after barley.)
øáðï ã÷éñøéï áòéï îä úðéðï ä' îéðéí ìà çîùä ãáøéí ùðé ãáøéí îéï à' åùðé ãáøéí îéï àçã.
(Rabanan of Kisarin): (Our Mishnah is even like Rabanan.) Was it taught five species (like many Mishnayos say)?! No, it was taught five matters (for the Tana holds that they are only three species). Two matters are one species (rye and spelt), and two matters are one species (oats and barley. We explained this like R. SHLOMO SIRILIYO.)