(Mishnah): Similarly, an oil press carved into a rock with another person's garden above it; if the ground of the garden collapsed, the garden owner may go down and plant below (inside the oil press) until the oil press owner builds supports above the oil press (for the garden owner to lay down soil).

If a wall or a tree fell into the public domain and caused damage, the owners are exempt from payment.

If they were given (an amount of) time to demolish the wall or cut down the tree and they fell within that time, they are exempt; if they fell after that time, they are liable.

(Gemara) - R. Elazar: There was a case of a vine that was being supported by someone else's peach tree. The peach tree was uprooted leaving the vine without support.

The case came before R. Chiya the Great and he ruled that the peach tree owner must replace the tree.

R. Yochanan asked him, "Is this not found in (our Mishnah) - Similarly, an oil press carved into a rock with another person's garden above it; if the ground of the garden collapsed etc.'' - we learn from this that we do not force (the oil press owner to repair, as long as the garden owner can come and plant).

Question: But R. Chiya taught in the Beraisa that we do force? (This Beraisa seem to clearly disagree with our Mishnah.)

Answer: There is no disagreement - the Beraisa refers to when he was present (in Beis Din so they ordered him to replace the peach tree); the Mishnah refers to when he was not present (e.g. he went overseas; therefore, we cannot force him and we instead allow the garden owner to come and plant).

The Mishnah taught: If they were given (an amount of) time (to demolish the wall or cut down the tree and they fell within that time, they are exempt.)

Question: How much time do they give?

Answer (R. Hoshiya): 30 days.

(Mishnah): If a person's wall was next to his neighbor's garden and the wall fell (into the garden) - if the garden owner asked him to remove them and the wall owner answered that if the garden owner will clear them, he can keep the stones, we do not listen to him.

If the garden owner agreed, and after clearing them, the wall owner said, "Take payment for your efforts and I will take my stones back'', we do not listen to him.

If one hired a laborer to help him with straw and stubble; if the laborer asked for his wages and the employer said that he can take some of the produce as payment, we do not listen to him.

If the laborer agreed and the employer later said, "Take your wages and I'll take what is mine'', we do not listen to him.

If one takes out his manure to a public place, it should not be left there; rather, it should be ready immediately to take it to fertilize a field.

One may not leave mud in a public place; one should also not dry out bricks there. However, one may mix mud in a public place (to be used for construction) but not bricks.

One may only bring stones to a public place if they will be taken immediately for construction; and if they did damage, the owner is liable.

R. Shimon ben Gamliel: One may prepare them for use up to 30 days beforehand (and during that time he is not liable for damages).

(Gemara) - Beraisa: A person may unload his manure in the public place at the entrance of his courtyard in order to remove it immediately, but he may not leave it there. If a person came and was injured by it, the owner is liable.

R. Yehudah: During the fertilizing season, a person may unload his manure in the public place at the entrance of his courtyard and leave it there for 30 days, in order for it to be crumbled up by peoples' and animals' feet. This is because it was one of the conditions that Yehoshua bin Nun made with the Jewish people in order for them to enter the land.

A person may unload his dirt in the public place at the entrance of his courtyard, in order to immediately use it for construction purposes. However, he may not leave it there and if he did and someone was injured by it, he is liable.

He may not mix it (into cement) there; he must only do that next to where he is building.

A person may only unload his stones in the public place at the entrance of his courtyard for immediate use, but he may not leave them there. If he did and someone was injured by it, he is liable.

If the stonecutter gave it to the camel driver, the camel driver is liable.

If the camel driver gave it to the stonemason, the stonemason is liable.

If the stonemason gave it to a hauler, the hauler is liable.

If he lifted it onto the row (of bricks) and he was aligning it and it fell, the engineer is liable. (Some say that since the hauler took on the role of an engineer, he is liable.)

If the stonemason gave it to the hauler and someone was injured by it, whether from the cuttings or from the stone, the stonemason is liable.

If the stonemason gave it to the hauler and someone was injured from the cuttings, the stonemason is liable.

If he was injured by the rock itself, the hauler is liable.

If the rock was securely placed on the row and it fell, the engineer is exempt.