LIABILITY DEPENDS ON RESHUS (Yerushalmi Perek 1 Halachah 2 Daf 6a)
à''ø éñà àðà ãàééúéúä îäãà ãúðé øáé äåùòéä àøáòä ëììåú äéä øáé ùîòåï áï àìòæø àåîø îùåí ø''î áðæ÷éï.
R. Yosa: I brought [a proof for R. Yochanan, unlike what was taught above] from R. Hoshayah's four general rules of Nezikin that R. Shimon ben Elazar used to say in the name of R. Meir;
[ãó ä òîåã à (òåæ åäãø)] ëì î÷åí ùéù øùåú ìðéæ÷ åìîæé÷ ëâåï ôåðã÷é åçöø äùåúôéí åëéåöà áäï òì äùï åòì äøâì ôèåø òì äðâéçä åäðâéôä åäðùéëä åäøáéöä åòì äáòéèä åäãçéä àí úí îùìí çöé ðæ÷ åîåòã îùìí ðæ÷ ùìí îï äòìééä.
Wherever there is Reshus (rights to put Peros) both for the damager and the victim, e.g. an inn or a Chatzer of partners and similar places, for Shen and Regel he is obligated; for goring, Negifah, biting, crouching, kicking, and Dechiyah, if it is Tam he pays half damage. If it is Mu'ad, he pays full damage from the Aliyah (even above the value of the damager);
ìðéæ÷ åìà ìîæé÷ çééá áëì.
[Wherever there is Reshus] for the victim but not for the damager, he is liable for everything;
ìîæé÷ åìà ìðéæ÷ ôèåø îï äëì.
[Wherever there is Reshus] for the damager but not for the victim, he is exempt for everything;
(åäëì îåãéï áùàéï) [ö''ì ëì î÷åí ùàéï - ðúéáåú éøåùìéí] øùåú ìà ìæä åìà ìæä ëâåï á÷òä øùåú äøáéí åëéåöà áä òì äùï åòì äøâì ôèåø òì äðâéçä åòì äðâéôä åäðùéëä åäøáéöä åäáòéèä åäãçééä úí îùìí çöé ðæ÷ åîåòã îùìí ðæ÷ ùìí îï äòìééä:
Wherever there is not Reshus for this one or for this one, e.g. a valley, Reshus ha'Rabim or similar place, he is exempt for Shen and Regel. For goring, Negifah, biting, crouching, kicking, and Dechiyah, if it is Tam he pays half damage. If it is Mu'ad, he pays full damage from the Aliyah. (We explained this like NESIVOS YERUSHALAYIM.)