[76a - 36 lines; 76b - 26 lines]
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We recommend using the textual changes suggested by the Bach and the marginal notes of the Vilna Shas. This section is devoted to any other important corrections that Acharonim have pointed out in the Gemara, Rashi and Tosfos.
[1] Rashi 76a DH Ho'il u'Re'uyin ד"ה הואיל וראוין:
The words "Im Kitze'a mi'Shenayim" אם קצע משנים are the beginning of a new Dibur. (In it, Rashi repeats what he already wrote earlier in more detail; see Girsa Section 71:1.)
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1)[line 5]תבןTEVEN- the hard, thick part of the stalk that is left in the ground when the wheat is harvested
2)[line 6]עצהATZEH- the Gemara explains this (see below, #6)
3)[line 6]עמירAMIR- the soft, thin part of the stalk that is harvested with the wheat
4a)[line 7]עלי שוםALEI SHUM- garlic shoots
b)[line 8]ועלי בצליםALEI BETZALIM- onion shoots
5)[line 8]כגרוגרתK'GROGERES- the size of a dry fig
6)[line 11]תבן של מיני קטניתTEVEN SHEL MINEI KITNIS- the hard, thick part of the stalk that is left in the ground when legumes are harvested
7a)[line 14]באורתאB'URTA- at night
b)[line 14]לצפראL'TZAFRA- the following morning
8)[line 22]אכילה על ידי הדחקACHILAH AL YEDEI HA'DECHAK- eating food that is not normally eaten, where it is the only food available. In this case, the animal is not accustomed to eat another animal's food
9)[line 29]לחמור שבהןL'CHAMUR SHE'BAHEN- [the animal food that requires a larger measure to be Chayav is not combined with the food] that requires a smaller measure [to create a Chiyuv of the smaller measure for the person who takes them out to Reshus ha'Rabim. The food that requires a smaller measure, however, will combine with the food that requires a larger measure to create a Chiyuv of the larger measure for the person who takes them out to Reshus ha'Rabim.]
10)[line 31]הבגד ג' על גHA'BEGED SHELOSHAH AL SHELOSHAH
(a)A Zav who emits Zov two or three times, whether it is emitted in one day or in two or three consecutive days, is an Av ha'Tum'ah.
(b)He can cause objects that are under him to become Avos ha'Tum'ah whether he touches them or not. The objects become Tamei Midras (lit. an object that is treaded upon), otherwise known as Mishkav or Moshav ha'Zav (or the Tachton of a Zav). An object may become a Midras if it was made for lying, sitting, or leaning upon.
(c)A cloth must be at least three Tefachim square in order to become a Midras. A cloth that is smaller than this is Tahor due to its insignificance. Earthenware objects (Klei Cheres) cannot become Midras.
(d)A person who touches or carries a Midras is Tamei and is Metamei the clothes he is wearing and other utensils (except for earthenware utensils) that he is touching. He and the items he touches get the status of Rishon l'Tum'ah.
(e)Utensils or clothes which lie above the Zav also get the status of a Rishon l'Tum'ah, whether he touches them or not. These are called the Elyon of a Zav.
11a)[line 31]הבגדHA'BEGED- a cloth garment
b)[line 31]השקHA'SAK- a sack made of goats' hair
c)[line 32]העורHA'OR- an article made of leather
d)[line 32]המפץHA'MAPATZ- a mat woven from reeds
76b----------------------------------------76b
12)[line 1]חזיא לדוגמאCHAZYA L'DUGMA- they are fit to be used together as samples [of what the store owner has to sell]
13)[line 3]גרעיניהןGAR'INEIHEN- their pits
14)[line 3]עוקציהןUKTZEIHEN- their stems
15)[line 4]סובןSUBAN- their bran that adheres to the wheat kernel that is separated out in the last stages of sifting
16)[line 4]מורסנןMURSENAN- their coarse bran that comes off the wheat when it is pounded (RAMBAM, Peirush ha'Mishnayos, RASHI Chulin 88b — Rashi on our Daf exchanges the definitions of Suban and Mursenan)
17)[line 4]קליפי עדשיןKELIPEI ADASHIN- lentil shells
18)[line 7]חלהCHALAH
Whenever a person kneads dough made from one of the five species of grain (wheat, barley, oats, rye, or spelt), he must separate a small portion to be given to the Kohen, as specified in Bamidbar 15:17-21. This portion is called Chalah. The requirement to separate Chalah with a Berachah only applies to dough made from the volume of 43.2 Beitzim of grain (about 10 1/2 cups or 2.48 liters). An amount about half that much requires Chalah to be separated without a Berachah. A baker must separate 1/48 of his dough as Chalah, while a normal homeowner must separate 1/24.
19)[line 8]בלוסהBELUSAH- mixed with bran
20)[line 12]עתיקיATIKEI- stored, dried (lit. old)
21)[line 14]כזבובין בקערהK'ZEVUVIN B'KE'ARAH- like flies in the plate (since the bean shells of stored beans are black)
PEREK #8 HA'MOTZI YAYIN
22)[line 16]כדי מזיגת הכוסKEDEI MEZIGAS HA'KOS- the amount of undiluted wine necessary such that it will achieve the proper dilution when water is added. The Gemara defines the type and size of cup that the Mishnah is discussing
23)[line 16]חלבCHALAV- milk
24)[line 17]גמיעהGEMI'AH- a swallow
25)[line 18]הכתיתHA'KASIS- a wound caused by a saddle on the back of an animal
26)[line 19]לשוףLA'SHUF- to dilute and soften by mixing in water
27)[line 19]הקילורHA'KILOR- salve
28)[line 20]השופכיןHA'SHOFCHIN- foul-smelling water
29)[line 23]כוס של ברכהKOS SHEL BERACHAH- the cup of wine used for Grace after Meals
30)[line 25]רובע רביעיתROVA REVI'IS- 1/4 of a Revi'is, which in turn is 1/4 of a Log (see Rashi 77a DH Tanina)