1)

What is the meaning of "Binosi ba'Seforim"?

1.

Rashi: I contemplated calculations. When I saw that 70 years finished (refer to 9:2:2:1), and the Ge'ulah was not coming, I realized that I should not have counted from conquest of Yehoyakim, rather, "Lemale'os l'Charvos Yerushalayim" ? 18 years later. The Churban was the 18th year from his conquest. Seder Olam says that Yisrael was exiled in the seventh, eighth, 18th and 19th years. Megilah 11b says that Galus Yechanyah was in the seventh year from Kivush Yehoyakim, which was the eighth year of Nevuchadnetzar's reign. The second Galus was in the 18th year from Kivush Yehoyakim, which was Nebuchadnetzar's 19th year.

2.

Malbim: If he based himself on Yirmeyah's Nevu'ah, why does it say Seforim (plural)? In Yirmeyah it says "l'Fi Melos l'Bavel Shiv'im Shanah" ? it does not say there "Lemale'os l'Charvos Yerushalayim"! Rather, in Yirmeyah it says that they will serve Melech Bavel for 70 years, and then Hashem will punish him. This was fulfilled. It says also there "after completing 70 years to Bavel I will redeem you" ? this was not fulfilled! He found a Sefer in which it was written "Lemale'os l'Charvos Yerushalayim" ? unlike our text of Yirmeyah. Really, also this text was received from Yirmeyah; there is no contradiction. The second Pekidah is for Binyan ha'Mikdash. Refer to 9:3:3:2.

2)

What do we learn from "Mispar ha'Shanim"?

1.

Rashi: I calculated. Yirmeyah said "l'Fi Melos l'Bavel Shiv'im Shanah Efkod Eschem." I thought that this is Binyan ha'Mikdash, and the 70 years end in the first year of Daryavesh ha'Midi; they started from when Malchus Bavel overcame Yisrael. Nebuchadnetzar conquered Yehoyakim and took him for a slave, in Nebuchadnetzar's second year. Count, and you will find 70 years from the until Daryavesh's first year. Seder Olam says that it was 69 years until Belshatzar died; this was a year later (Daryavesh ruled for one year).

2.

Ibn Ezra: After Belshatzar was killed and Koresh reigned, he commanded and Yisrael ascended [to Eretz Yisrael]. This was Pekidah; 19 years of the 70 remained from Charvos Yerushalayim ? Koresh's reign, and of Daryavesh ha'Midi 1 , Achashverosh and two years of Daryavesh ha'Parsi ben Esther. Daniel erred to count from Kivush Yehoyakim, and not from Galus Tzidkiyah. In between were eight years of Yehoyakim and 11 of Tzidkiyah 2 .


1

It seems that Ibn Ezra counts 19 from Pekidah in the days of Koresh. If so, how can he count the year of Daryavesh ha'Midi, who was before Koresh?! (PF)

2

Ibn Ezra: Yehudah ha'Levi asked, how could Daniel, a Navi and Chacham, err about 19 years? He counted from Bavel's Malchus. I refuted him from "Za'amta Zeh Shiv'im Shanah" (Zecharyah 1:12), which was in the second year of Daryavesh ha'Parsi.

Sefer: Perek: Pasuk:

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