(Mishnah): If one was passing through a vineyard and seeds fell from him or inadvertently (became mixed and) went out with the manure or with water; or if he was sowing and the wind blew some seeds behind him (into a vineyard), it's permitted.

If the wind blew some of the seeds in front of him - R. Akiva says that if they grew leaves, he must overturn the soil; if the seeds have started to grow in their stalks (but less than 1/3rd of their growth), he must beat them; and if they grew into grain, they must be burned.

(Gemara) (R. Elazar): The Mishnah is referring to when he was standing in a wheat field and the wind scattered his seeds into the vineyard.

Question (R. Zeira): Is it specifically when he was standing (in a wheat field, but not in the vineyard) or even when he was standing in a wheat field (as well as if he was standing in the vineyard)?

Answer (Baraisa) (R. Shimon ben Yehuda citing R. Shimon): If a person was sowing and the wind blew the seeds behind him, it is permitted (and not Kilayim) because it was accidental.

What's the case? If he is standing in a vineyard, he is sinning and you say that it is permitted? Rather, he must be standing in a wheat field and the wind blew the seeds into the vineyard.

(R. Zeira/ R. Shimon ben Lakish citing R. Hoshiya): (Explaining R. Akiva in the Mishnah) If they grew leaves, he must overturn the soil and everything is permitted. If the seeds grew in the stalks, he must beat (the seeds out of the stalks) and the stalks are permitted but the grains are prohibited. If they grew into grain, they must be burned and everything is prohibited.

(R. Yochanan): (Whether the seeds grew in the stalks or whether they grew (fully) into grain) everything is prohibited.

Question: If so, what's the understanding in the Mishnah of 'if they grew leaves, he must overturn the soil; if the seeds have started to grow in their stalks, he must beat them; and if they grew into grain, they must be burned'? (Why are they all treated differently?)

Answer: (For prohibiting, there's no difference between them, but the Mishnah can be understood according that which we learned - Orlah and Kilai HaKerem (that must be destroyed) - that which can be burned should be burned; that which cannot be burned should be buried. (And the same applies to the growths in our Mishnah, that each is destroyed in the way that is suitable for it.)

(R. Yaakov bar Idi citing R. Shimon ben Lakish): Sometimes the stalks are permitted and the grains are prohibited and sometimes it's vice-versa...

How is this? If he planted in a permitted way and then the vine leaves spread over them, the stalks are permitted and the seeds are prohibited. If he planted in a prohibited way (with the vines leaves spread over the seeds) and he then took away those leaves, the stalks are prohibited and the seeds are permitted.

Question (R. Zeira): It's understandable that the stalks could be permitted and the grains prohibited; but how could you say that the stalks are prohibited and the grains are permitted - they grew from within a prohibited item?!

R. Zeira follows his reasoning that cited from R. Yonasan that an onion of Kilai HaKerem that was uprooted and replanted elsewhere - even if it grew greatly in the permitted location, it is prohibited, as that which grows from a prohibited item is prohibited.

(Mishnah): If one allows thorns to remain in a vineyard - R. Eliezer says that they becomes prohibited; the Chachamim say that they do not unless they are the type of growths that are normally allowed to remain.

Irus, Kisus (a type of ivy) and Shoshanas HaMelech (king's lily) and all other types of seeds are not Kilayim in a vineyard.

Kanbus - R. Tarfon says that it's not Kilayim. Chachamim say that it's Kilayim. Kinrus (thistles) are Kilayim in a vineyard.

(Gemara) (R. Abahu): R. Eliezer reasons that thorns are fed to camels in Arabia.

Irus is Irasia; Kisus is Kisusa; Shoshanas HaMelech is Krinton.

Kanin (canes), Agin (thorn bushes), Vered (roses) and Atadin (another type of thorns) are types of trees and are not Kilayim in a vineyard. Shifah, Itan, Gemi (which are types of reeds) and all other species that grow in the dirt are species of herb and are Kilayim in a vineyard.

Question (R. Hoshiya - Baraisa): The following are types of herb - Kinras, Chalma, Dimua and Atad...? (Earlier, Atad was described as a type of tree.)

Answer: There (R. Hoshiya) is referring to the Bracha one makes when eating its berries - since it's not planted for its berries, the Bracha of 'Borei Minei Desha'im' is said. However, for Kilayim it is considered a tree.

(R. Yosi): This shows that even though one says "Borei Pri HaEitz" over an Esrog, one says "Borei Minei Deshaim" on the berries that grow from an Esrog tree, since they are not the purpose of its planting.

Tzlaf (caper) - Beis Shammai say that it is Kilayim in a vineyard but not with seeds. Beis Hillel say that it is not Kilayim in a vineyard or with seeds.

All agree that it is obligated in Orlah.

Baraisa (R. Chinana bar Pappa): Whatever grows from its trunk is a type of tree; whatever grows from its roots is a type of vegetable.

Question: Cabbage grows from its 'trunk' (i.e. its stem) but all agree that it's a vegetable?

Answer: The rule is only applied when the status is doubtful, but a cabbage is certainly a vegetable even though it grows from its 'trunk'.