(Mishnah): One who plants two rows - if there are less than 8 Amos between them, he should not plant there another seed. If there were 3 rows, if there are less than 16 Amos between one row and the next, he should not plant there another seed.

(R. Eliezer ben Yaakov citing Chananya ben Chachinai): Even if the middle row is removed and there are less than 16 Amos between the outer rows, he should not plant there another seed - although originally, if he would have only planted those two rows, he would have been permitted to plant between them if they would have been eight Amos apart.

One who planted his vineyard the size of 16 by 16 Amos, he may bring in another seed (if it's planted 6 Tefachim away).

(R. Yehuda): It once happened in Tzalmin that someone planted such a vineyard and he turned the tips of the branches of two rows towards each other and sowed the empty space. The following year, he turned the tips the opposite way and sowed in the empty space. The case came before the Chachamim and they permitted it.

(R. Shimon and R. Meir): Even if he planted his vineyard on 8 Amos, it is permitted.

(Gemara) (R. Zeira): (When the Mishnah said that if there are less than 8 Amos between them) it's 8 Amos aside from the area of the vine itself. The same applies to the required 4 Amah distance in order to plant seeds near a vineyard.

(R. Elazar): They were more stringent (in the required distance in order to plant seeds) inside it (between the rows) than outside it.

(R. Zeira): When I was still in Bavel, I also fulfilled this, as the distance for a Kirachas HaKerem (which is inside a vineyard) is 16 Amos and outside of the vineyard is a distance of only 4 Amos.

(R. Elazar): If the rows were distanced between four and eight Amos apart, planting seeds there is forbidden and it prohibits (both the seeds and the vines that grew). If they were between eight and 16 Amos, it's forbidden but it does not prohibit.

(R. Yosi citing R. Yochanan): R. Eliezer ben Yaakov (of our Mishnah) follows Beis Shammai - who said that one row is a vineyard.

Question: If so, when R. Eliezer ben Yaakov concluded by saying that 'originally, if he would have only planted those two rows, he would have been permitted to plant between them if they would have been eight Amos apart' - but whether it is a large (3 row) vineyard or a small (2 row) vineyard, since a 4 Amah distance in required, the entire 8 Amah space between the rows should be prohibited, since all of it is within 4 Amos of a row?

(R. Yudan): In fact, R. Eliezer ben Yaakov would not allow in those 8 Amos, but if the space is slightly more than 8 Amos, it would be permitted in the middle.

Some explain that R. Eliezer ben Yaakov's latter statement meant that if he originally planted two rows with less than 16 Amos by 16 Amos between them, it would be permitted to plant in almost 8 Amos between them.

(R. Yehuda ben Pazi citing R. Yochanan): R. Eliezer ben Yaakov follows Beis Shammai - just as Beis Shammai are more stringent when the vineyard was cleared, than at the time of its original planting; so R. Eliezer ben Yaakov is more stringent when the vineyard was cleared, than at the time of its original planting.

(R. Yona citing Rav): (The end of the Mishnah taught that R. Shimon and R. Meir say that even if he planted his vineyard on 8 Amos, it is permitted.) The seeds are permitted but planting is prohibited.

(R. Yosi citing Rav): The Halacha is that both are permitted.

(R. Chiya bar Ashi citing Rav): The Halacha follows R. Meir and R. Shimon.

Question: Did he mean to agree with R. Yosi that both are permitted or to say that the seed is permitted but planting is prohibited?

Answer: Due to the teaching of R. Ba, R. Chiya bar Ashi measured for me my vineyard and distanced the rows 8 by 8 Amos. This shows that the seeds are permitted and planting is permitted.

Rav Huna planted leeks in his vineyard.

Question: Wasn't that prohibited?

Answer: The vines were planted randomly like single vines (rather than in rows).

Question: Doesn't a single vine receive a work access area around it?

Answer: He followed the opinion of R. Yishmael who doesn't require that a single vine have an access area.

Question: But Chachamim (who are the majority opinion) do require it?

Answer (R. Yaakov bar Idi citing R. Yehoshua ben Levi): The Halacha in Chutz LaAretz follows the lenient opinion.

(R. Yaakov bar Acha): I learned in Bavel that the Halacha in Chutz LaAretz follows the lenient opinion.