[28a - 37 lines; 28b - 46 lines]
1)[line 6]דאפכי להוD'APCHEI LEHU- [some versions] switch them (the opinions of Rebbi Shimon ben Elazar and Yesh Omrim)
2)[line 8]חמת קטנהCHEMES KETANAH- (O.F. bolzole) a small leather shepherd's purse
3)[line 8]טליקא דסביTALIKA D'SAVEI- (a) (O.F. tasche) a sack (RASHI); (b) a chest (RAMBAM Peirush ha'Mishnayos to Me'ilah 6:1); (c) a basket (PEIRUSH KADMON to Me'ilah 21a)
4)[line 12]אוכלת בתרומהOCHELES BI'TERUMAH
(a)A non-Kohen may not eat Terumah. A Kohen's wife, who is not herself a Kohenes (the daughter of a Kohen), eats Terumah as long as her husband or any of their offspring are alive, as is learned from the verses (Vayikra 22:11, Bamidbar 18:11) and the Gemara (Nidah 44a). The Kohen's wife must be at least three years old for this Halachah to apply.
(b)Similarly, a Kohenes normally eats Terumah until she becomes married to a non-Kohen. If he dies or divorces her and they have no living offspring, she may return to her father's house and eat Terumah as long as she has not become a Chalalah (see Background to Sotah 23:1).
5)[line 15]לגבורותGEVUROS- the age of eighty (as in Tehilim 90:10)
6)[line 17]וגוססGOSES- a sick person who is on the verge of death
7)[line 20]כיון דאיפליג איפליגKEIVAN D'IFLIG IFLIG- since he has lived past the age of ninety, he is not considered to be on the verge of death (RASHI)
28b----------------------------------------28b
8)[line 2]נודNOD- a leather bottle
9)[line 4]מדסקרתאMI'DISKARTA- from Diskarta, probably the name of a place. The word means private town, settlement, or part of a town (e.g. (d'Iskarta) [Diskarta] d'Reish Galusa - the private town of the Reish Galusa - Eruvin 59a)
10)[line 5]ערביך ערבא צריךARVACH, ARVA TZARICH- (lit. your guarantor needs a guarantor) the person on whom you are relying to guard the bottle might himself be negligent, and it will break
11)[line 8]סמיכהSEMICHAH
(a)Semichah refers to the Mitzvah for a person to press his hands with all his might on the head of his animal sacrifice (and not a bird sacrifice) before it is slaughtered, as described in Vayikra (1:4).
(b)Women are not required to perform Semichah since the verse states, "Daber El Bnei Yisrael... v'Samach" - "Speak to the sons of Yisrael (and not to the daughters)... and he shall perform Semichah" (Vayikra 1:2-4, Kidushin 36a).
12)[line 13]לא ליעול חולין לעזרהLO LEI'UL CHULIN L'AZARAH
(a)According to some Tana'im, it is forbidden by an Isur Aseh to bring a non-sanctified ("Chulin") animal or food into the Azarah of the Beis ha'Mikdash. This is learned from the verse, "If the place chosen by HaSh-m is far [from where you are]... you may slaughter and eat meat to your heart's content..." (Devarim 12:21), which implies that we may slaughter Chulin only outside of the Azarah of the Beis ha'Mikdash (Pesachim 22a). According to these Tana'im, if non-sanctified animals are slaughtered in the Beis ha'Mikdash, it is prohibited with a Lav to eat from them (Pesachim, ibid.). Other Tana'im maintain that the prohibition of offering Chulin in the Azarah (and eating from non-sanctified animals that were slaughtered in the Azarah) is not from the Torah but Rabbinic ("Chulin ba'Azarah Lav d'Oraisa").
(b)The Rishonim argue over the breadth of the prohibition of bringing Chulin into the Azarah, according to those Tana'im who prohibit it mid'Oraisa. According to many Rishonim, it is prohibited mid'Oraisa only to bring objects of Chulin into the Azarah if one performs with them acts which resemble those done for Korbanos, such as slaughtering them, waving them or placing them on the Mizbe'ach (TOSFOS to Pesachim 66b and other Rishonim). Others maintain that even if no such acts are performed, it is prohibited mid'Oraisa to bring foods of Chulin into the Azarah (RAMBAM Hilchos Shechitah 2:3; see Insights to Nedarim 9:2).
13)[line 16]עיר שהקיפה כרקוםIR SHE'HIKIFAH KARKOM- a city that came under siege
14)[line 16]הספינה המוטרפת ביםHA'SEFINAH HA'MUTREFES BA'YAM- the boat that was floundering at sea, about to capsize
15)[line 17]היוצא לידוןHA'YOTZEI LIDON- who are going to court to be tried [for a capital crime]
16)[line 18]שכבשהKAVSHAH- captured
17)[line 24]לקטלאKETALA- death [sentence]
18)[line 27]פורסי שנמגPURSEI SHANMAG- (a) verdict (RASHI); (b) their chief justice (RABEINU CHANANEL)
19)[line 34]מקומנטריסיןKUMANTEREISIN- executioners or jailers
20)[line 39]דכל מסיח לפי תומו הימוני מהימני ליהKOL MESI'ACH LEFI TUMO HEIMUNEI MEHEMNEI LEI- tevery [Nochri] who speaks in passing without intent to testify is believed
21)[last line]עבדי לאחזוקי שיקרייהוAVDEI L'ACHZUKEI SHIKRAIHU- they are accustomed to perpetuate a lie [when it is to their advantage, e.g. in order to boast of their judicial integrity]