[23a - 52 lines; 23b - 56 lines]
1)[line 3]דגביהןD'GEVIHAN- they are high
2)[line 5]דמינשתפאD'MINASHTEFA- it is moved from its place (a) by people and animals kicking it when they walk (RASHI); (b) by the wind blowing it about (ARUCH)
3)[line 11]דמידע ידיע רפתא דאיניש איניש הואD'MEIDA YEDI'A; RIFTA D'INISH INISH HU- since it is recognizable; "A person's bread is [recognizable as belonging to that] person"
4)[line 16]דאין מעבירין על האוכליןD'EIN MA'AVIRIN AL HA'OCHLIN- (a) it is forbidden to pass by food laying on the ground without picking it up (RASHI, TOSFOS) (b) it is forbidden to step on food (cited by TOSFOS DH Ein Ma'avirin and RITVA in the SHITAH MEKUBETZES)
5)[line 17]חיישי לכשפיםCHAISHEI LI'CHESHAFIM- they suspect [that someone is performing] magic [with the bread that is lying on the ground, and they will not pick it up]
6)[line 18]לימא כתנאיLEIMA K'TANA'EI- let us say that the argument between Rabah and Rava is actually a known Tanaic argument (the Gemara entertains two possibilities with regard to the argument with which we are dealing: either regarding Siman he'Asuy li'Dares or regarding Ma'avirin Al ha'Ochalin)
7)[line 22]סימן הבא מאיליוSIMAN HA'BA ME'ALAV- a Siman (an identifying feature) that could have come into existence without the knowledge of the owner
8a)[line 49]כללא דאבידתאKELALA D'AVEIDTA:- A rule with regard to lost objects:
b)[line 49]כיון דאמר "ווי לה לחסרון כיס", מיאש ליה מינהKEIVAN D'AMAR "VAI LAH L'CHISARON KIS," MEYA'ESH LEI MINAH- When a person says the words, "Vai Li l'Chisaron Kis!" - "Woe is me for the loss that I have just incurred," he is Meya'esh, i.e. he verbally acknowledges that his loss is irretrievable
23b----------------------------------------23b
9)[line 2]בקטרא דציידאB'KATRA D'TZAYADA- [the fish were found tied] with a fisherman's knot [with which they regularly tie the fish they catch]
10)[line 3]במנינא דשויןB'MINYANA D'SHAVIN- when the number [of fish on each string of fish] is [always] the same
11)[line 6]גסטרון של אברGISTERON SHEL AVAR- a useful piece from a broken lead utensil
12)[line 7]עד שיתן אותAD SHE'YITEN OS- until he (the owner) provides a Siman [to identify it]
13)[line 8]שיכוין משקלותיוSHE'YECHAVEIN MISHKELOSAV- he gives its exact weight
14a)[line 9]מדהMIDAH- measurement
b)[line 9]ומניןU'MINYAN- and number, count
15a)[line 11]דדפקאD'DAFKA- [was the cut of meat] of: (a) the neck (RASHI); (b) (O.F. flanche) the [inner] flanks (RASHI citing Rebbi Yitzchak b'Rebbi Menachem)
b)[line 12]דאטמאD'ATMA- of the thigh
16)[line 13]ודג נשוךV'DAG NASHUCH- or a fish that has been bitten
17)[line 13]חביותCHAVIYOS- earthenware barrels, jugs
18)[line 14]תבואהTEVU'AH- grain
19)[line 14]גרוגרותGEROGEROS- dried figs
20)[line 16]בדאיכא סימנא בפסקאBED'IKA SIMANA B'FISKA- where there is an identifying feature in the way that it was cut
21)[line 17]מחתיך ליה אתלתא קרנתאMACHTICH LEI A'TELASA KARNASA- cuts it with three corners; i.e. in the shape of a triangle
22)[line 21]כדי ייןKADEI YAYIN- earthenware jugs of wine
23)[line 23]ברשוםB'RASHUM- when it is sealed with an identifying seal of mortar
24)[line 24]במציףB'METZIF- when the clay top of the jug is placed upon the jug but not sealed with mortar
25)[line 26]קודם שנפתחו האוצרותKODEM SHE'NIFTECHU HA'OTZAROS- before the storehouses are opened, i.e. before the winemakers sell their wine to the storekeepers
26)[line 28]חביתא דחמראCHAVISA D'CHAMRA- a barrel of wine
27)[line 30]זיל, שקול לנפשךZIL, SHEKOL L'NAFSHACH- go and take it for yourself
28)[line 36]ברקתא דנהראB'RAKSA D'NAHARA- the bank of the river
29)[line 38]כי היכי דאתרמי לדידך, אתרמי נמי לחברךKI HEICHI D'ISRAMI L'DIDACH, ISRAMI NAMI L'CHAVRACH- just like it happened to you (that you forgot it on the Raksa d'Nahara), it may have happened to another person also
30)[line 43]כופראKUFRA- pitch
31)[line 43]בי מעצרתאBEI MA'ATZARTA- in the vicinity of a winepress
32)[line 44]חזייה דהוה קא מחסםCHAZYEI D'HAVAH KA MECHASEM- he (Rav) saw that he (the finder) was hesitating
33)[line 45]זיל, פלוג ליה לחייא ברי מיניהZIL, PELOG LEI L'CHIYA BRI MINEI- go and split it with my son, Chiya
34)[line 47]משום יאוש בעלים נגעו בהMISHUM YE'USH BE'ALIM NAG'U VAH- [the decision came about] due to the owner giving up hope
35)[line 48]דחזא דקדחי ביה חלפיD'CHAZA D'KADCHEI BEI CHILFEI- he saw that certain weeds (such as nettles, a plant covered with thorns) had started to grow on the container of pitch
36)[line 50]שלא שבעתן העיןSHE'LO SAVATAN HA'AYIN- to which the eye (of its owner) had not yet become sated, i.e. the owner was not yet familiar with it
37)[line 53]לאהדורי לצורבא מרבנן בטביעות עינאL'AHADUREI L'TZURBA ME'RABANAN BI'TEVI'US EINA- to return to a Torah scholar who recognizes it [as his own]
38)[line 54]קים ליה בגוייהוKIM LEI B'GAVAIHU- he is certain [that it is his]
39a)[last line]עבידי רבנןAVIDEI RABANAN- it is an acceptable practice for the Rabanan
b)[last line]דמשנו במלייהוD'MESHANU B'MILAIHU- to alter the truth in their words
40)[last line]במסכתB'MASECHES- regarding a tractate, i.e. he may claim that he does not know a certain tractate of the Mishnayos, even though he does
41)[last line]ובפוריאUV'PURYA- and regarding: (a) a bed (RASHI, see TOSFOS); (b) Purim, i.e. he may claim that he was inebriated enough on Purim that he did not know the difference between "Arur Haman" and "Baruch Mordecai," even though he really was not (MAHARSHA)