[10a - 48 lines; 10b - 55 lines]
1a)[line 3]מאתיםMASAYIM- two hundred [Zuz] (equal to 960 grams of silver)
b)[line 4]מנהMANEH- 100 Zuz (equal to 480 grams of silver)
2)[line 5]הועילוHO'ILU- accomplished
3)[line 6]חזקה אין אדם טורח בסעודה ומפסידהCHAZAKAH EIN ADAM TORE'ACH BI'SE'UDAH U'MAFSIDAH- it is assumed that one does not toil over a [wedding] feast in order to lose it [by divorcing his wife the following morning; therefore, he must be telling the truth] (see Insights to 11b for alternate understandings of this Chazakah)
4)[line 7]קנסKENAS- a fine
5)[line 8]לא תגבהLO TIGVEH- she may not collect
6)[line 8]זיבוריתZIBURIS - poor-quality land (ZIBURIS / BEINONIS / IDIS)
When one must pay money to another, any object of value may be substituted in its place. If one wishes to transfer ownership of land in place of money, the minimum quality of the land that he may use depends upon the type of payment he is making. Damages (Nezikin) must be reimbursed only with Idis (high quality land). Loans (Halva'os) may be repaid with Beinonis (average quality land). Any debt owed by an orphan and the value of a Kesuvah may be paid even with Ziburis (poor quality land). The Gemara explains the reason for these differences (Mishnah, Gitin 48b, and Gemara ibid.)
7)[line 13]"כֶּסֶף יִשְׁקֹל כְּמֹהַר הַבְּתוּלֹת""KESEF YISHKOL K'MOHAR HA'BESULOS"- "... he must pay silver Shekalim equivalent in value to the marriage contracts of virgins" (Shemos 22:16) - This verse is directed to one who seduces a Na'arah (maiden), and delineates the fine that he must pay to her father.
8)[line 14]שיהא זה כמוהר הבתולות ומוהר הבתולות כזהSHE'YEHEI ZEH K'MOHAR HA'BESULOS, U'MOHAR HA'BESULOS K'ZEH- that this should be equal to the marriage contracts of virgins [which a rapist must pay to his victim's father (Devarim 22:29), in that it too amounts to fifty], and that the marriage contracts of virgins should be equal to this [in that the monetary unit in question is silver Shekalim]. Fifty Torah Shekalim are the equivalent of 200 Zuz.
9)[line 18]איפוךEIPOCH- switch [the names with the opinions mentioned in this Beraisa]
10a)[line 19]בתרייתאBASRAISA- the last [Beraisa mentioned]
b)[line 19]קמייתאKAMAISA- the first [Beraisa mentioned]
11)[line 22]נותן לה ממעות קפוטקיאNOSEN LAH MI'MA'OS KAPUTKAYA- The Mishnah (110b) records a disagreement between the Chachamim and Raban Shimon ben Gamliel. The Chachamim are of the opinion that whether one married a woman in Eretz Yisrael or Kaputkaya, he may pay her Kesuvah with the currency of Eretz Yisrael, which is lighter (and therefore less valuable) than that of Kaputkaya. Raban Shimon ben Gamliel maintains that if they were married in Kaputkaya, then he became obligated mid'Oraisa at that time to pay her in the more valuable currency. Therefore, he cannot pay her in the currency of Eretz Yisrael, even if that is where he divorces her.
12a)[line 31]אסבוהו כופרי!ASVUHU KUFREI!- whip him with [thorny] palm branches!
b)[line 31]מברכתא חביטא ליהMAVRACHTA CHAVITA LEI- (a) [it is clear that the prostitutes of the town of] Mavrachta have lain down for him [since he claims to be able to tell that she is not a Besulah] (RASHI; TOSFOS DH Mavrachta, second explanation); (b) [have the prostitutes of the town of] Mavrachta lain down for him [that he is able to tell that she is not a Besulah]? (TOSFOS DH Mavrachta, first explanation; some maintain that this is the correct understanding of Rashi - see ROSH, MAHARAM SHIF, and CHESHEK SHLOMO)
13)[line 32]הוא דאמר מהימן!HU D'AMAR MEHEIMAN!- who said that he was believed [(a) without mentioning that he should be whipped (TOSFOS DH Mavrachta, second explanation); (b) and in this instance he did not believe him (TOSFOS DH Mavrachta, first explanation)]
14a)[line 34]כאן בבחורKAN B'BACHUR- here [in this case (a) when he was believed and whipped (TOSFOS DH Mavrachta, second explanation); (b) when he was not believed and whipped (RASHI, TOSFOS DH Mavrachta, first explanation), Rav Nachman was dealing] with a young man who had been [previously] unmarried
b)[line 34]כאן בנשויKAN B'NASUY- here [in this case when he was believed and was not whipped, Rav Nachman was dealing] with a man who had been [previously] married
15)[line 36]הטיתהHITISAH- perhaps you moved sideways during relations [leaving the Besulim intact] (see Insights to 6b)
16a)[line 38]אישון לילהISHON LAILAH- the dark of night
b)[line 38]אפילהAFEILAH- pitch-blackness
17)[line 38]היטהHITAH- if he [happened to] move aside [the obstruction blocking the door to his home]
18)[line 39]נעולNA'UL- locked
19)[line 40]שמא במזיד הטיתהSHEMA B'MEZID HITISAH- [it is highly unlikely that Hatayah was accomplished unintentionally;] perhaps you intentionally performed Hatayah
20)[line 40]עקרת לדשא ועבראAKARTA L'DASHA V'ABRA- you uprooted (i.e., bypassed) the door and the bolt
21)[line 46]סודרSUDAR- sheet [with which you attempted to catch the Dam Besulim]
22)[line 46]שראוSHAR'O- he soaked it
23)[line 46]כבסוCHIBSO- he washed it
24)[line 47]כמה טיפי דמיםKAMAH TIPEI DAMIM- a couple of drops of blood [that had been obscured with semen]
25)[line 47]לך זכה במקחךLECH ZECHEI B'MEKCHACHA!- go and delight in your acquisition!
10b----------------------------------------10b
26)[line 1]גיהוץ שלנו ככיבוס שלהןGIHUTZ SHELANU K'CHIBUS SHELAHEN- our ironing [here in Bavel] is [required to clean a garment as well] as their washing [does in Eretz Yisrael]
27)[line 2]מעברא ליה חומרתאME'ABRA LEI CHUMARTA- the stone [used as an iron] will rub out [the bloodstains]
28)[line 6]שפחותSHEFACHOS- [Nochri] maidservants
29)[line 7]הושיבןHOSHIVAN- he sat them
30)[line 7]חביתCHAVIS- a barrel
31)[line 8]ריחה נודףREICHAH NODEF- the scent [of wine] wafted [from] her [mouth]
32)[line 10]בגווהB'GAVAH- with [the bride]
33)[line 11]גמראGEMARA- an oral tradition
34)[line 11]חזיCHAZI- see
35)[line 12]לא קים ליה בגווה דמלתא שפירLO KIM LEI B'GAVAH D'MILSA SHAPIR- he would not be able to properly determine the matter with her
36)[line 13]אורח ארעאORACH AR'A- proper conduct (this is the Aramaic translation of Derech Eretz)
37)[line 13]לזלזוליL'ZILZULEI- to treat her in an undignified manner
38)[line 17]דם נדהDAM NIDAH- menstrual blood (see Background to 2:17)
39)[line 20]דור קטועDOR KATU'A- a generation severed [from virginal and menstrual blood]
40)[line 21]תנחומים של הבלTANCHUMIN SHEL HEVEL- empty words of comfort
41a)[line 22]כשם שהשאור יפה לעיסהK'SHEM SHEHA'SE'OR YAFEH L'ISAH- just as sourdough (a very heavily fermented dough that is mixed with fresh dough as a leavening agent) is beneficial for dough [helping it to rise faster]
b)[line 23]כך דמים יפים לאשהKACH DAMIM YAFAIM L'ISHAH- so [menstrual] blood is beneficial for a woman [helping her to conceive faster]
42)[line 27]נתחייב במקחךNISCHAYEV B'MEKCHACHA- be stuck with your acquisition
43)[line 32]עדיין בתולה הייתיADAYIN BESULAH HAYISI- lit. I am still a Besulah I was. The correct Girsa is either BESULAH HAYISI - I was then a Besulah (most manuscripts, Rishonim, MAHARSHAL) or ADAYIN BESULAH ANI - I am still a Besulah (certain manuscripts).
44)[line 32]שני בצורת הוהSHANEI BATZORES HAVAH- it was during years of famine
45)[line 34]מרחץMERCHATZ- a bathhouse
46)[line 36]"[חָשַׁךְ מִשְּׁחוֹר תָּאֳרָם; לֹא נִכְּרוּ בַּחוּצוֹת;] צָפַד עוֹרָם עַל עַצְמָם; יָבֵשׁ הָיָה כָעֵץ""... TZAFAD ORAM AL ATZMAM, YAVESH HAYAH CHA'ETZ"- "[Their visage became blacker than coal; they were not recognized in public;] their skin stretched (alt. blackened) upon their bones; it was dried [and appeared] as a stick" (Eichah 4:8) - Rebbi applied this verse to those who were starved to the point that they were blackened in appearance and whose Dam Besulim had dried out.
47)[line 37]בתולהBESULAH- a virgin [who is in one of the following categories]
48)[line 37]חלוצהCHALUTZAH (YIBUM / CHALITZAH)
(a)Should a married man die without children, his widow is not then free to marry whomever she pleases. The brothers of her deceased husband have a Mitzvah to perform Yibum (levirate marriage); that is, they are obligated to marry her (Devarim 25:5-10). If the deceased has more than one brother, the oldest brother is offered the Mitzvah of Yibum first (Yevamos 24a).
(b)If the brother(s) does not wish to carry out this Mitzvah, he must perform Chalitzah. This is a procedure in Beis Din which dissolves the ties binding the widow to her brother(s)-in-law (known as "Zikah"), thus allowing her to marry anyone else. One of the brothers must appear together with his widowed sister-in-law before a Beis Din of three and state, "I do not wish to marry her." His sister-in-law then approaches him, removes his right sandal, and spits on the ground in front of him. She then declares, "This is what shall be done to the man who will not build his brother's family." After this she is free to marry whomever she wants.
49)[line 37]אירוסיןERUSIN- betrothal (see Background to 7:41)
50)[line 38]רב חנא בגדתאהRAV CHANA BAGDESA'AH- (a) Rav Chana of Baghdad (RASHI; RASHBAM to Bava Basra 142b); (b) Rav Chana, expert on the homiletic digressions of the Gemara (RASHI to Yevamos 67a, second explanation)
51)[line 40]אלמנה דכתיבא באורייתאALMANAH DI'CHESIVAH B'ORAISA- the term "Almanah" (used to denote a widow) that is written in the Torah [from long before this enactment)
52)[line 41]"וְשֵׁם הַנָּהָר הַשְּׁלִישִׁי חִדֶּקֶל, הוּא הַהֹלֵךְ קִדְמַת אַשּׁוּר""V'SHEM HA'NAHAR HA'SHELISHI CHIDEKEL, HU HA'HOLECH KIDMAS ASHUR"- "And the name of the third river is Chidekel; it is the one that runs in front of Ashur" (Bereishis 2:14) - This verse refers to the Tigris river, identifying it as the third river to flow out of Gan Eden.
53)[line 42]סליקאSELIKA- Seleucia, a Hellenistic city built from the spoils of Babylon on the west bank of the Tigris River. It was founded by King Seleucus I, formal general of Alexander the Great, some time after 311 BCE. At one point the population of this great city reached 600,000.
54)[line 42]מי הואי?MI HAVA'I?- did it exist [(a) at the beginning of time? (RASHI); (b) when Moshe transcribed the Torah? (TOSFOS DH v'Tana)]
55a)[line 43]משקהMASHKEH- quenches
b)[line 44]מרוהMARVEH- saturates
c)[line 44]מזבלMEZABEL- fertilizes
d)[line 44]מעדןME'ADEN- causes [fruits to turn out juicy and] lustrous
e)[line 44]ממשיךMAMSHICH- draws [fruits] out [of the trees]
56)[line 45]"תְּלָמֶיהָ רַוֵּה, נַחֵת גְּדוּדֶהָ; בִּרְבִיבִים תְּמֹגְגֶנָּה; צִמְחָהּ תְּבָרֵךְ""TELAMEHA RAVEI, NACHES GEDUDEHA..."- "You saturate [the earth's] furrows with water, bringing pleasure to those who inhabit it; You muddy it with sprinkled rain; You bless its growth." (Tehilim 65:11) - "Saturation with water" implies both "Mashkeh" and "Marveh"; muddied earth implies "Mezabel"; and "Me'aden" and "Mamshich" are implied by the word "bless."
57a)[line 46]מזיחMEZI'ACH- removes
b)[line 46]מזיןMEZIN- nourishes [the world in the merit of the sacrifices offered upon it]
c)[line 46]מחבבMECHABEV- endears [Klal Yisrael to HaSh-m]
58)[line 47]תמריTAMREI- dates
59a)[line 48]משחנןMESHACHNAN- warm [one's body]
b)[line 48]משבעןMASBE'AN- satiate
c)[line 48]משלשלןMESHALSHELAN- cause diarrhea [which flushes one's digestive system]
d)[line 48]מאשרןME'ASHRAN- strengthen [one's body]
e)[line 48]ולא מפנקןV'LO MEFANKAN- and [yet] do not cause one to become pampered
60)[line 49]יורהYOREH- rule on Halachic matters
61)[line 50]חולי מעיםCHOLEI ME'AYIM- intestinal illnesses
62)[line 50]תחתוניותTACHTONIYOS- hemorrhoids
63)[line 51]מעלוMA'ALU- beneficial
64)[line 51]לפי שעתא טרדאL'FI SHA'ATA TARDA- they muddle one's thoughts for a time
65)[line 51]מידי דהוה אחמראMIDI D'HAVAH A'CHAMRA- similar to wine [which is beneficial]
66)[line 52]רביעיתREVI'IS- approximately 75, 86.25, or 150 milliliters, depending upon the differing Halachic opinions
67)[line 53]מקמי נהמאMI'KAMEI NAHAMA- before [eating a meal of] bread
68)[line 53]אםEM- my [adoptive] mother
69)[line 53]כי נרגא לדיקולאKI NARGA L'DIKULA- are like an axe [chopping] at a date palm
70)[line 54]כי עברא לדשאKI ABRA L'DASHA- are like a bolt to a door (i.e., they lock in the beneficial properties of the food that one has just eaten)
71)[line 54]דשאDASHA- [why is a door called] a "Dasha" [in Aramaic]?
72)[line 54]דרגאDARGA- [why is a ladder called] a "Darga" [in Aramaic]?
73)[last line]פוריאPURIYAH- [why is a bed called] a "Puriyah" [in Aramaic]?
74)[last line]פרין ורביןPARIN V'RAVIN- children are conceived