SHABBOS 144 (7 Av) - Dedicated in memory of Dr. Simcha Bekelnitzky (Simcha Gedalya ben Shraga Feibush) of Queens, N.Y., Niftar 7 Av 5757, by his wife and daughters. G-d-fearing and knowledgeable, Simcha was well known in the community for his Chesed and Tzedakah. He will long be remembered.

1)

THE ARGUMENT OF REBBI YEHUDAH AND THE CHACHAMIM

(a)

Answer #1: No, 'l'Ratzon' means Stam, 'Lo l'Ratzon' means, he explicitly said that he regrets that it exuded.

(b)

Answer #2: Baskets of strawberries and pomegranates are different - since the liquid [drips out and] goes to waste, from the beginning he makes it Hefker.

(c)

Question: Indeed, this shows that R. Yehudah agrees to Chachamim regarding olives and grapes;

1.

What is the source (for Rabah (143B)) that Chachamim agree to R. Yehudah regarding other fruits?

(d)

Answer (Beraisa): We may squeeze plums, quinces and crabapples, but not pomegranates;'

144b----------------------------------------144b

1.

In the house of Menasiya bar Menachem they would squeeze pomegranates [on weekdays; this shows that it is common to squeeze them].

(e)

Question: How do we know that this is like Chachamim - perhaps it is like R. Yehudah!

1.

Counter-question: Even R. Yehudah only [explicitly] permitted what flows from fruits, he did not permit squeezing [on Shabbos]!

2.

Answer: You must say that because these other species are not normally squeezed, one may squeeze l'Chatchilah.

(f)

Answer: Presumably also Chachamim permit l'Chatchilah (since one is never liable for squeezing these fruits, there is no reason to forbid! Rashi - Rav Nachman (143B) only said 'presumably', for it is possible that the Beraisa is only R. Yehudah's opinion.)

(g)

Conclusion: The Beraisa is [even] like Chachamim.

(h)

(Beraisa): In the house of Menasiya bar Menachem they would squeeze pomegranates.

(i)

(Rav Nachman): The Halachah follows the house of Menasiya.

(j)

Objection (Rava): [It is not fitting to say that the Halachah follows him -] he is not a Tana (a Tana merely supported himself by citing Menasiya's practice)!

1.

Suggestion: Perhaps you mean, the Halachah follows the Tana who [forbids squeezing pomegranates, for he] holds like Menasiya (that it is normal to squeeze them).

2.

Objection: This is no reason to say that the Halachah follows him - does the majority of the world hold like Menasiya?!

3.

Answer: Indeed, we find that practices in one region determine the Halachah everywhere!

i.

(Mishnah - R. Elazar): If one lets cactus grow in a vineyard, this is Kil'ayim, the cactus and nearby vines are forbidden;

ii.

Chachamim say, only something that people normally grow is Kil'ayim.

iii.

(R. Chanina): R. Elazar forbids growing cactus because in Araviya people grow cactus for their camels.

4.

Rejection: Araviya is a whole region - Menasiya is an individual, his opinion is Batul to that of normal people.

(k)

Answer #1: Rav Nachman holds like Rav Chisda:

1.

(Rav Chisda): If one squeezed beets and put the juice in a Mikveh, if it changes the appearance of the water the Mikveh is Pasul.

2.

Question: People do not normally squeeze beets!

3.

Answer #1: We must say that because he [squeezed it, showing that he] considers it important, it is considered a liquid. (We must say that the Tana of the Beraisa permits squeezing only to sweeten the fruit.)

i.

The same applies to squeezing pomegranates!

(l)

Rejection (and Answer #2 to Question (2) - Rav Papa): Beet juice is Posel a Mikveh because one may not make a Mikveh from it (anything Pasul to make a Mikveh is Posel if it changes the appearance).

2)

IS MOCHEL CONSIDERED TO BE A LIQUID?

(a)

(Mishnah): If wine, vinegar or Mochel [juice from olives] fell into a Mikveh and changed its appearance, it is Posel.

(b)

Question: Who is this Tana, who considers Mochel to be a liquid?

(c)

Answer #1 (Abaye): It is R. Yakov:

1.

(Beraisa - R. Yakov): Mochel is a liquid;

i.

It was taught that the first Mochel to leave [the olives] is Tahor - this is because he does not want it.

2.

R. Shimon says, Mochel is not a liquid;

i.

The reason that Mochel that leaves [at the end, before or after oil was squeezed out of olives in] Ekel Beis ha'Bad (a basket in which olives are pressed) is Tamei is because it surely contains drops of oil.

3.

Question: [Both Metaher the first Mochel, and Metamei what leaves the Ekel -] what do they argue about?

4.

Answer: They argue about [the intermediate] Mochel that exudes after the olives became warm and pressed on each other.

(d)

Answer #2 (Rava): All agree that Mochel is Posel a Mikveh, because one may not make a Mikveh from it, it is Posel if it changes the appearance.

(e)

(Rav Yehudah): One may squeeze a cluster of grapes into a pot [with food in it - surely, it is for the sake of the Tavshil, not for drinking], but not into an [empty] bowl.

(f)

(Rav Chisda): This teaches that one may milk a goat into a pot, but not into a bowl.

(g)

Inference: He holds that if a liquid goes into a solid, it is considered a solid (therefore, it is not forbidden on account of threshing).

(h)

Question (Rami bar Chama - Mishnah): If a Zav milked a goat, the milk is Tamei [because he caused it to flow].

1.

[The Mishnah applies does not distinguish, it applies even if he milked into a solid] - if the milk is considered a solid, it is not Mekabel Tum'ah until it is Huchshar [through a liquid]!

(i)

Answer: Elsewhere, R. Yochanan answered, milk receives Hechsher because it passes over a drop smeared on the nipple - here also, it is Huchshar through a drop smeared on the tip of the udder!

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