1)

MOVING LARGE STONES (Yerushalmi Sheviis Perek 3 Halachah 7 Daf 9a)

îùðä àáðé ëúó áàåú î''î åä÷åáìéï îáéàéï î''î åàéìå äï àáðé ëúó

(a)

(Mishnah): 'Shoulder stones' may be removed from anywhere and a Kablan (building contractor) may bring stones from anywhere. These are 'shoulder stones' -

ëì ùàéðä éëåìä ìéðèì áàçú éã ãáøé ø''î

1.

(R. Meir): Any stone that cannot be taken with one hand.

øáé éåñé àåîø àáðé ëúó ëùîï ëì ùäï ðéèìåú ùìåù àå ùúéí òì äëúó

2.

(R. Yosi): It's as their name implies - whatever is carried on the shoulder, either two or three at a time.

äáåðä âãø áéðå åáéï ø''ä îåúø ìäòîé÷ òã äñìò îä éòùä áòôø

(b)

If a person builds a wall between his property and the public property, he may dig down to the bedrock. What should he do with the dirt?

öåáøå áøùåú äøáéí åîú÷éðå ãáøé øáé éäåùò

1.

(R. Yehoshua): He should pile it up in the public domain and then fix it up (by moving it to his own domain).

øáé ò÷éáä àåîø ëãøê ùàéï î÷ì÷ìéï áøùåú äøáéí ëê ìà éú÷ï îä éòùä áòôø öåáøå áúåê ùãäå ëãøê äîæáìéï

2.

(R. Akiva): Just as one may not (even temporarily) damage a public domain, so too he should not pile it there. What should he do with the dirt? Pile it in his field in the way of those that fertilize.

åëï äçåôø áåø åùéç åîòøä:

(c)

They also disagree when digging a well, a trench or a cave.

âîøà àáðé ëúó áàåú î''î àôé' îúåê ùìå åä÷åáìï îáéà î''î àôéìå ôçåú îàáðé ëúó

(d)

(Gemara): Shoulder stones may be brought from anywhere - even from his own property; and a Kablan may bring from anywhere - even stones smaller than shoulder stones.

øáé çééà áùí ø''é ìà ùðå àìà áéðå ìáéï ø''ä äà áéðå ìáéï çáéøå àñåø áùáéòéú àáì áîåòã àôé' áéðå ìáéï ø''ä àñåø [ãó ëä òîåã á (òåæ åäãø)] áôéøöä ùäéà ñâä àú äòôø àáì áôéøöä ùàéðä ñâä àú äòôø îåúø ìâåãøä áùáéòéú

(e)

(R. Chiya citing R. Yochanan): When the Mishnah permitted digging down to the bedrock, it referred to a wall between him and the public domain; but between him and his neighbor, it is prohibited in Sheviis, but on Chol HaMoed, even between him and the public domain is prohibited, if the breach is blocked with dirt and thorns that block it; but if it isn't blocked, he may build and close it up in Sheviis.

åúðé ëï ëì ôéøöä ùäéà ñâä áòôø àñåø ìâåãøä áùáéòéú åùàéðå ñâä àú äòôø îåúø ìâåãøä áùáéòéú ùàéðä îëùìú àú äøáéí àáì àí äéúä îëùìú äøáéí àò''ô (ùàéðä)[ùäéà] ñâä àú äòôø îåúø ìâåãøä áùáéòéú

(f)

Support (Baraisa): Any breach that is blocked with dirt may not be built in Sheviis; if it's not blocked, it may be built. This applies when is not disturbing the public, but if it is, even if it's blocked, it may be built in Sheviis.

ëúéá (úäéìéí â) åùí ãøê àøàðå áéùò àìäéí

(g)

Question: Why not fix it, if the pasuk states (Tehillim 50:23), "And prepare the way, I will show him the salvation of Hashem''?

ùðééà äéà äëà ùäåà úé÷åï åñåôå ì÷éì÷åì

(h)

Answer: It's different here, because although he might repair, before he does so, he brings a pile of dirt to the public domain and sometimes he even might change his mind and leave it there.

ãàîø ø''ù áï ì÷éù ùàåì ìà æëä [ãó è òîåã á] ìîìåëä àìà ò''é ùäéä æ÷éðå îãìé÷ ðø ìøáéí (ð÷øà ùîå ðø)

(i)

As R. Shimon ben Lakish said (to support the understanding of the pasuk above (g)) - Shaul only merited to be king because his grandfather had lit candles for the public (to be able to walk to the Beis Midrash and learn at night)

ëúåá àçã àåîø åðø äåìéã àú ÷éù åëúåá àçã àåîø å÷éù áï àáéàì åäìà àáéàì äéä ùîå àìà ò''é ùäéä æ÷éðå îãìé÷ ðø ìøáéí ð÷øà ùîå ðø

1.

One pasuk states (Divrei Hayamim 1:8:33), "Ner begot Kish'' and another pasuk states (Shmuel 1:9:1), "...and Kish son of Aviel''. (Kish was the father of Shaul.) So wasn't Aviel his name (not Ner)? Rather, since he (Shaul's grandfather) would light candles for the public, he was called Ner.

øáé àáéï áòé òã ùìà ôñ÷å òåáãé òáåãä îäå ìöáåø òôø áúåê ùãäå ëãøê äîæáìéï:

(j)

Question (R. Avin): (At the beginning of the Perek, piling up manure was only permitted when the workers who fertilize the fields stop their work at the end of the season). Do we also have this requirement when piling up dirt to later build the wall? (The Gemara leaves this question unanswered.)

HADRAN ALACH PEREK ME'EMASAI MOTZI'IN