PEREK LO YOMAR
1)

USING MAASER SHENI AS A FORM OF PAYMENT (Yerushalmi Ma'aser Sheni Perek 3 Halachah 1 Daf 14a)

îùðä ìà éàîø àãí ìçáéøå äòì àú äôéøåú äàìå ìéøåùìéí ìçì÷ àìà àåîø ìå äòìí ùðàëìí åùðùúí áéøåùìéí àáì ðåúðéï æä ìæä îúðú çðí:

(a)

(Mishnah): A person shouldn't say to his friend, "Take this produce to Yerushalayim to divide''. Rather, he should say, "Take it to Yerushalayim so that we can eat and drink it there''. However, one may give another a gift.

âîøà ìà éàîø àãí ìçáéøå ëå'. îä áéï äàåîø ùðàëìí åðùúí ìàåîø ìçì÷.

(b)

(Gemara): "A person shouldn't say etc.'' What's the difference whether he said "so that we can eat and drink'' or whether he said, "to divide''?

øáé æòéøà áùí øáé éåðúï îäìëåú ùì òéîòåí äéà:

(c)

(R. Zeira citing R. Yonasan): This is one of the Halachos of 'Imum'. (This phrase refers to a case that was without a clear reason to permit it but ultimately Chazal were lenient.)

úîï úðéðï äàåîø ìôåòì äà ìê àéñø æä åì÷è ìé éø÷ äéåí ùëøå àñåø

(d)

(Mishnah in Maseches Sheviis 8:4): One who tells a laborer, "Here is an Issar (coin) - pick (Sheviis) vegetables for me today''; his wages are permitted. If he said, "Pick vegetables for me today in return for it'', his wages are forbidden.

[ãó ëá òîåã à (òåæ åäãø)] ì÷ç îï äðçúåí ëëø áôåðãéåï ìëùéì÷åè éø÷åú äùãä àáéà ìê îåúø ì÷ç îîðå ñúí ìà éùìí ìå ãîé ùáéòéú ùàéï ôåøòéï çåá îãîé ùáéòéú.

1.

It's permitted for a person to take a loaf from a baker worth a Pundion and said, "When I've picked field vegetables, I will bring them to you (as payment)''. But if he bought it from him (on credit) without explaining, he may not pay with Sheviis money, as one may not pay off debts with Sheviis money.

îä áéï äàåîø ì÷è ìé îä áéï äàåîø ì÷è ìé áå.

(e)

Question: What's the difference whether he said, "pick for me today'' or "pick for me today in return for it''?

øáé àáéï áùí øáé éåñé áï çðéðà îäìëåú ùì òéîòåí äéà.

(f)

Answer (R. Avin citing R. Yosi ben Chanina): This is one of the Halachos of Imum. (Chazal were ultimately lenient even though both cases should have been prohibited.)

úîï úðéðï ùåàì àãí îçáéøå ëãé ééï åëãé ùîï åáìáã ùìà éàîø ìå äìåðé.

(g)

(Mishnah in Maseches Shabbos): A person may borrow wine jugs or oil jugs as long as he doesn't say, "Loan me''.

îä áéï äàåîø äìåéðé îä áéï äàåîø äùàéìðé.

(h)

Question: What's the difference whether he says "Loan me'' or "Lend me''?

øáé æòéøà áùí øáé éåðúï îäìëåú ùì òéîòåí äéà.

(i)

Answer (R. Zeira citing R. Yonasan): This is one of the Halachos of Imum.

ôéúï øáé éò÷á áø àçà áùí øáé éåðúï òåã äéà îäìëåú ùì òéîòåí.

(j)

(R. Yaakov bar Acha citing R. Yonasan): The bread of gentiles is one of the Halachos of Imum.

àîø øáé éåñé ÷ùééúä ÷åîé øáé éò÷á áø àçà îäå îäìëåú ùì òéîòåí äéà. ëê àðé àåîø áî÷åí ùôú éùøàì îöåéä áãéï äåà ùúäà ôú âåéí àñåøä åòéîòîå òìéä åäúéøåä. àå áî÷åí ùàéï ôú éùøàì îöåéä áãéï äåà ùúäà ôú âåéí îåúøú åòéîòîå òìéä åàñøåä.

(k)

(R. Yosi): I asked R. Yaakov bar Acha - in what way was it from the Halachos of Imum - I say - was it in a place where Jewish bread was common, so bread of gentiles should have been prohibited, but they discussed it and permitted it; or was it in a place that Jewish bread was not common, so bread of gentiles should have been permitted, but they discussed it and prohibited it...?

àîø øáé îðà åéù òéîòåí ìàéñåø. åôú ìà ëúáùéìé ëåéí äéà. ëê àðé àåîø áî÷åí ùàéï úáùéìé éùøàì îöåééï áãéï äåà ùéäå úáùéìé âåéí îåúøéí åòîòîå òìéäï åàñøåí. àìà ëï äåà áî÷åí ùàéï ôú éùøàì îöåéä áãéï äåà ùúäà ôú âåéí àñåøä åòéîòîå òìéä åäúéøåä îôðé çéé ðôù:

(l)

(R. Mana): Is there such a thing as Imum to prohibit? Isn't the decree of bread part of the decree of food of gentiles - but did we say that in a place where Jewish food isn't available, food of gentiles should be permitted, but the Chachamim came and 'Imumu' - said it was prohibited? Rather, in a place where Jewish bread is not available, the gentile bread should have still been prohibited, but the Chachamim permitted it because bread is a basic staple.

øáðéï ã÷éñøéï áùí øáé éò÷á áø àçà ëãáøé îé ùäåà îúéø åáìáã îï äôìèåø åìà òáãéðï ëï.

(m)

(Rabbanan of Kisari citing R. Yaakov bar Acha): The Halacha is like this opinion that permits the bread of gentiles (when Jewish bread is not available), as long as it is baker's bread. However, those Rabbanan didn't themselves follow this leniency.

úðé ìà éàîø àãí ìçáéøå áéøåùìéí äòì çáéú æå ùì ééï îî÷åí ìî÷åí ìçì÷.

(n)

(Baraisa): A person shouldn't say to his friend in Yerushalayim, "Take this barrel of wine from one place to another to divide'', as it as appears that he is receiving a portion for transporting it there.

àîø øáé ìòæø [ãó éã òîåã á] ãøáé éåãä åãøáé ðçîéä äéà.

(o)

(R. Elazar): (The earlier Mishnah in Maseches Sheviis taught - It's permitted for a person to take a loaf from a baker worth a Pundion and say "When I've picked field vegetables, I will bring them to you (as payment)''. A Baraisa there teaches that R. Yehuda and R. Nechemia prohibit it.) This Baraisa (in Ma'aser Sheni) is the opinion of R. Yehuda and R. Nechemia.

[ãó ëá òîåã á (òåæ åäãø)] îä ðï ÷ééîéï àí áääåà ãàîø ìéä äà ìê äá ìé ãáøé äëì (àñåø)[îåúø]. äá ìé åàðà éäéá ìê ãáøé äëì (îåúø)[àñåø]. àìà ëé ðï ÷ééîéï áääåà ãàîø ìéä äá ìé áøéà ìé àðà éäá ìê.

(p)

Rebuttal: What's the case there? If he told him, "Give me a loaf worth a Pundion'' and he immediately gave him vegetables, all permit it. "Give me and I will give you'', all prohibit it. Rather, it's when he said, "Give me a loaf and I will certainly give you''...

øáé éåãä åøáé ðçîéä àåñøéí ùàéï éø÷åú äùãä îöåééï åøáðéï îúéøéï ùéø÷åú äùãä îöåééï.

1.

R. Yehuda and R. Nechemia prohibit it, as they say that field vegetables are not so common. The Chachamim permit it as they say that field vegetables are common in Sheviis.

îùäòìä àåúï îäå ùéàîø ìå èåì çì÷ê åàðé çì÷é.

(q)

Question: When he took the produce to Yerushalayim intending to consume them, could he then say, "Take your portion and I will take mine''?

îäå ùéàîø ìå èåì çáéú ùì ééï æå åàðå àåëìéï çáéú ùîï ùéù ìé ùí.

(r)

Question: When he says, "Take this barrel of wine to Yerushalayim and we will consume the barrel of oil that I have there'' - is it considered inviting him or since he isn't giving him the wine he brought, it's like paying him for his services?

àó áîòùø áäîä ëï.

(s)

Question: (And similarly), may a person say, "Take this Maaser Behemah animal to Yerushalayim and we will eat it there''?

[ãó ëâ òîåã à (òåæ åäãø)] îòùø ùðé òì éãé ùîëéøúå (îéåçãú)[îåúøú] àú àîø îåúø îòùø áäîä òì éãé ùàéï îëéøúå (îéåçãú)[îåúøú] äøé àú àîø àñåø. ìéú ôùéèà ìê ãäéà îåúø.

(t)

Rebuttal: (Why would you say that Maaser Behemah is worse than Ma'aser Sheni?) Would you say that since it's permitted to sell Ma'aser Sheni, this is also permitted; then the same would apply to Maaser Behemah. And if it's prohibited to sell Ma'aser Sheni and this also is prohibited; the same would also apply to Maaser Behemah? That's incorrect, as even though it's prohibited to sell Ma'aser Sheni, this case is permitted; and the same applies to Maaser Behemah.

îäå ùéàîø ìå äòì áäîä (å)çéä æå åàðå àåëìéï áùø ùçåèä ùéù ìé ùí:

(u)

Question: May a person say, "Take this live animal to Yerushalayim and we will eat the slaughtered meat that I have there''? (The Gemara leaves this question unanswered.)