1)

VERBAL OR OTHER ACQUISITIONS (Yerushalmi Halachah 7 Daf 29b)

משנה המחלק נכסיו על פיו רבי אליעזר אומר אחד בריא ואחד מסוכן נכסים שיש להן אחריות נקנין בכסף ובשטר ובחזקה ושאין להן אחריות אין נקנין אלא במשיכה

(a)

(Mishnah) - R. Eliezer: If a person is dividing up his property - whether he is healthy or deathly ill, land is acquired through giving money, a document or taking possession; property such as movables are acquired through pulling along (or lifting or handing over).

אמרו לו מעש' באימן של בני רוכל שהיתה חולה ואמרה תינתן כבינתי לבתי והיא בשנים עשר מנה ומתה וקיימו חכמים את דבריה

(b)

Chachamim to R. Eliezer: There was a case with the mother of the children of Roichel who was sick and she said, "Give my headscarf to my daughter and its price is 12 mana (1200 zuz)" and the Chachamim upheld her words. (Since she was deathly ill, the transaction took effect even though there was no physical acquisition made.)

אמר להן בני רוכל תיקברן אימן:

(c)

R. Eliezer replied: The children of Roichel should be buried by their mother. (They are thieves and deserve to lose the land.)

גמרא עד כדון בשהיו קרקעות ומטלטלין במקום אחד היו קרקעות במקום אחד ומטלטלין במקום אחר

(d)

(Gemara): (The following sugya is actually taken from Yerushalmi Kidushin Perek 1 Halachah 5, in discussing the concept of Kinyan Agav, which means that movables can be acquired together with land through the sole act of giving money, a document or taking possession. The Gemara there had just proved that such a kinyan works, but the Gemara now asks) - This only shows that if there were fields and movables in one place, he can acquire both; but what if the fields and movables were not in the same place?

א"ר בון נישמעינה מהדא אמר להן ר' אליעזר מעשה במרוני שהיה בירושלים והיו לו מטלטלין הרבה ומבקש לחלקן

(e)

Proof (R. Bun - Beraisa): R. Eliezer said to them - there was once a Modinian who lived in Yerushalayim who had a large quantity of movables which he wished to give away before he died.

אמרו לו אין לך תקנה אלא אם כן קנית קרקע.

1.

The Rabbis told him: The only way is if you acquired a field (and you can acquire the movables together with it).

מה עשה הלך וקנה סלע אחד סמוך לירושלים. אמר חצייה צפוני אני נותן לפלוני ועמו מאה צאן ומאה חביות של יין. מחצייה דרומי אני נותן לפלוני עם מאה חביות של שמן.

2.

What did he do? He went and acquired a small area on the outskirts of Yerushalayim. He then said, "On the northern half, I am giving 100 barrels of wine to ploni. On the southern half, I am giving 100 barrels of oil to ploni."

ובא מעשה לפני חכמים [דף ל עמוד א] וקיימו את דבריו.

3.

The case came before the Chachamim and they ruled to follow his orders.

א"ר חנניה קומי רבי מנא ולא שכיב מרע הוא לפי שבכל מקום אין אדם מזכה אלא בכתב וכא אפי' בדברים לפי שבכל מקום אין אדם מזכה עד שיהיו קרקעות ומטלטלין במקום אחד וכא אפי' קרקעות במקום אחד ומטלטלין במקום אחר.

(f)

Rejection (R. Chananyah to R. Mana): Wasn't he deathly ill, as usually a person can only give over property with a document and here he did it verbally...?! Similarly, although usually a person can only give movables together with land if they are in the same place, here it was permitted even though they were in different places.

א"ל ולא רבי אליעזר היא שנייא היא שכיב מרע דרבי ליעזר כבריא דרבנן. .

(g)

Rebuttal (R. Mana): Isn't this opinion R. Eliezer? If so, is there any difference between a deathly ill person and a healthy person? The law of a deathly ill person according to R. Eliezer is the same as a healthy person according to the Rabbanan, meaning that he needs to make an acquisition. Therefore, the proof still stands, as just as for a deathly ill person there is no need for the movables to be with the land, so too for a healthy person.

אמר ליה שכיב מרע דר' אליעזר כבריא דרבנן.

(h)

R. Chanina: I agree.

תמן תנינן רבי עקיבה אומר קרקע כל שהוא

(i)

Proof (Mishnah in Maseches Peah - R. Akiva): Any minimum sized field is obligated in Peah (leaving the corners for the poor). (What is the benefit of acquiring such a tiny field? Rather, it must be in order to acquire movables with it and since it is so small, this shows that the movables need not be in the field in order to acquire them with the field.)

א"ר מתנייה תיפתר מקום שיבולת אחת ומרגלית טמונה בו.

(j)

Rejection (R. Matanya): The field was big enough for one stalk with a precious stone buried underneath it (and when he acquires the field, he also acquires the stone).

א"ר יוסי בי רבי בון עילא היה רוצה לקללן שהן זורעין כורכמין בכרם:

(k)

R. Yosi bei R. Bun: (In explaining the end of the Mishnah above, that R. Eliezer replied - The children of Roichel should be buried by their mother.) R. Eliezer had anyway wanted to curse them because they had planted saffron in a vineyard, thereby transgression the prohibition of kilayim - in this he had found a way to do so.

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