DAMAGES BETWEEN YISRAELIM AND NOCHRIM (Yerushalmi Perek 4 Halachah 3 Daf 19b)
îúðé' ùåø ùì éùøàì ùðâç ìùåø ùì ä÷ãù åùì ä÷ãù ùðâç ìùåø ùì éùøàì ôèåø ùðàîø [ùîåú ëà ìä] ùåø øòäå åìà ùåø ùì ÷ãù
(Mishnah): If a Yisrael's ox gored a Hekdesh ox or vice-versa, it is exempt. One is liable for "Shor Re'ehu (the ox of his fellowman)'', not the ox of Hekdesh.
ùåø ùì éùøàì ùðâç ìùåø ùì òëå''í ôèåø åùì òëå''í ùðâç ìùåø ùì éùøàì áéï úí áéï îåòã îùìí ðæ÷ ùìí:
If a Yisrael's ox gored a Nochri's ox, it is exempt. If a Nochri's ox gored a Yisrael's ox, whether it is a Tam or Mu'ad, it pays full damage.
âî' øá àîø [çá÷å÷ â å] øàä åéúø âåéí äúéø îîåðí ùì òëå''í
(Gemara - Rav): "Hash-m saw va'Yater (and scattered) Nochrim'' - [He saw that they were not keeping their seven Mitzvos,] v'Hitir (and He permitted) their money.
çæ÷éä àîø [ãáøéí ìâ á] äåôéò îäø ôàøï åäåôéò ôðéí ëðâã òëå''í.
(Chizkiyah): "Hofi'a mi'Har Paran'' - from Paran (when the Nochrim refused to accept the Torah), Hofi'a (Hash-m exposed a harsh) countenance towards Nochrim. (ALEI TAMAR - Paran belongs to Yishmael. They refused the Torah due to Lo Signov, and they were punished Midah k'Neged Midah.)
øáé éåñé áï çðéðä àîø äåøéãï îðëñéäï.
(R. Yosi ben Chaninah): He removed them from their property.
øáé àáäå áùí øáé éåçðï àîø ëãéðéäï.
(R. Avahu citing R. Yochanan): [Hash-m ruled for Nochrim] like their laws (they do not distinguish Tam from Mu'ad).
à''ø ìà [ö''ì ìà - ðúéáåú éøåùìéí, âìéåð äù''ñ] òì äãà àéúàîøú àìà ëäãà
(R. La): R. Avahu did not say so about this, rather, about the following;
ãúðé øáé çééä ùåø ùì òëå''í ùðâç ùåø ùì òëå''í àçø çáéøå àó òì ôé ù÷éáì òìéå ìãåï áãéðé éùøàì áéï úí áéï îåòã îùìí ðæ÷ ùìí
(R. Chiyah): If a Nochri's ox gored a Nochri's ox, even if he accepted to judge according to the law of Yisrael, whether it is Tam or Mu'ad, he pays full damage.
òì äãà àéúàîøú ø' àáäå áùí ø' éåçðï ëãéðéäï.
Regarding this, R. Avahu cited R. Yochanan to say that it is like their laws.
îòùä ùùéìç äîìëåú ùðé àéñèøèéåèåú ììîåã úåøä îøáï âîìéàì åìîãå îîðå î÷øà îùðä úìîåã äìëåú åàâãåú åáñåó àîøå ìå ëì úåøúëí ðàä åîùåáçú çåõ îùðé ãáøéí äììå ùàúí àåîøéí
A case occurred in which the kingdom sent two officers to learn Torah from R. Gamliel. They learned from him Tanach, Mishnah, Talmud, Halachos and Agados. At the end, [the officers] told them, all of your Torah is nice and praiseworthy, except for these two things that you say;
áú éùøàì ìà úééìã ìòëå''í àáì òëå''í îééìãú ìáú éùøàì áú éùøàì ìà úðé÷ áðä ùì òëå''í àáì òëå''í îðé÷ä ìáú éùøàì áøùåúä
A Bas Yisrael may not deliver a baby for a Nochris, but a Nochris may deliver a baby for a Bas Yisrael. A Bas Yisrael may not nurse the baby of a Nochris, but a Nochris may nurse a Bas Yisrael's baby, in the presence of the Bas Yisrael. (Both of these are considered one. Likewise, the coming laws of theft and damages are considered one - MAHARA FULDA.)
âæéìå ùì éùøàì àñåø åùì òëå''í îåúø.
Stealing from a Yisrael is forbidden, and from a Nochri is permitted;
áàåúå ùòä âæø øáï âîìéàì òì âæéìåú òëå''í ùéäà àñåø îôðé çéìåì äùí.
At that time, R. Gamliel decreed that stealing from Nochrim is forbidden, due to Chilul Hash-m.
ùåø ùì éùøàì ùðâç ìùåø ùì òëå''í ôèåø åëå' áãáø äæä àéï àðå îåãéòéï ìîìëåú
[They also objected to] if a Yisrael's ox that gores a Nochri's ox, it is exempt [but if a Nochri's ox gores a Yisrael's ox pays full damage. They said,] we will not tell the kingdom about this (NESIVOS YERUSHALAYIM).
àôé' ëï ìà îèéï ìñåìîéä ãöåø òã ãùëçåï ëåìï:
Even so, before they reached the rock of Tzur (at the border of Eretz Yisrael), they forgot all of them (everything they learned).