[25a - 58 lines; 25b - 54 lines]
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We recommend using the textual changes suggested by the Bach and the marginal notes of the Vilna Shas. This section is devoted to any other important corrections that Acharonim have pointed out in the Gemara, Rashi and Tosfos.
[1] Gemara 25a [line 15]:
Ein Mishpat #4 (the letter Dales)
This notation mistakenly appears in the words of Rav Huna. It belongs on the next line, in the words of Rav Chisda (line 16).
[2] Gemara [line 18]:
Hagahos ha'Gra #1
"v'Lo Keneged Ashpah" ולא כנגד אשפה
This is also the Girsa in Dikdukei Sofrim #5 and in Beis Nasan. The word "Tzo'as" is also not found in the Rif, Rosh and Rishonim, since the Gemara is referring to an Ashpah without Tzo'ah.
[3] Gemara 25b [line 4]:
The words "v'Dilma k'Vasikin" ודלמא כותיקין
should be "v'Dilma l'Vasikin" ודלמא לותיקין, as is found in Rashi.
[4] Tosfos 25b DH v'Hilchesa Noge'a Akeivo Asur ד"ה והלכתא נוגע עקבו אסור:
The words "Noge'a Akeivo" נוגע עקבו should be "Noge'a ba'Akeivo נוגע בעקבו both times that they appear in Tosfos.
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1)[line 6]עמוד החוזרAMUD HA'CHOZER- a bowel movement that is held back
2)[line 7]הדרוקןHIDROKAN- a swelling and sickness of the stomach
3)[line 7]סילון החוזרSILON HA'CHOZER- urination that is held back
4)[line 8]ירקוןYERAKON- jaundice
5a)[line 21]ריח רע שיש לו עיקרREI'ACH RA SHE'YESH LO IKAR- a foul odor emanating from excrement
b)[line 24]ריח רע שאין לו עיקרREI'ACH RA SHE'EIN LO IKAR- a foul odor emanating from the passing of gas
6)[line 25]ציפיTZIFEI- mats
7)[line 25]גנוGANU- sleep
8)[line 25]גרסיGARSEI- learn
9)[line 27]צואה עוברתTZO'AH OVERES- excrement which is passing before a person
10)[line 28]הטמאHA'TAMEI (METZORA)
(a)When a person is a Metzora (see Background to Nidah 50:3), he is Metamei the objects in the house that he is in (or a tree under which he walks). Similarly, a house that is declared a Bayis ha'Menuga (see next entry) is Metamei all the objects that are in it. If the stones of this house are brought into another house, they are Metamei the objects in the second house.
(c)Regarding a person who enters a house that has Tzara'as or has a Metzora in it, there are two verses:
1."veha'Ba El ha'Bayis Kol Yemei Hisgir Oso, Yitma Ad ha'Erev." (Vayikra 14:46)
2."veha'Shochev ba'Bayis Yechabes Es Begadav, veha'Ochel ba'Bayis Yechabes Es Begadav." (ibid. 14:47)
(d)From the first verse we learn that any person (or thing) that comes into the house becomes Tamei. The clothes that he is wearing, however, do not become Tamei. From the second verse we learn that if someone lingers in the house for the amount of time it takes to eat a Pras (half of a loaf of wheat bread) dipped in relish, while he is reclining, then even the clothes that he is wearing become Tamei.
(e)The RASH (Kelim 1:4) lists four differences between the Tum'ah of the Ohel of a Mes and the Tum'ah of a house that has Tzara'as or that has a Metzora (or an article of clothing or a stone from a house that has Tzara'as) inside of it:
1.In an Ohel ha'Mes, a person becomes Tamei even if only a bit of his body enters. In a house that has Tzara'as or has a Metzora inside it, a person becomes Tamei only when most of his body enters the house.
2.In an Ohel ha'Mes, even when entering backwards, a person becomes Tamei when only a bit of his body enters the house. In a house that has Tzara'as or that has a Metzora inside it a person becomes Tamei when entering backwards only when his entire body enters.
3.In an Ohel ha'Mes, a Mechitzah (partition) prevents the spread of Tum'ah only if it reaches the ceiling. In a house that has Tzara'as or that has a Metzora inside it, a Mechitzah of ten Tefachim in height (or even a ditch of ten Tefachim in depth) is enough to prevent the spread of Tum'ah.
4.In an Ohel ha'Mes, the house or room becomes Tamei even if the Mes is passing through it and does not stop moving. In a house that has a Metzora (or an article that has Tzara'as, as mentioned above) inside it, the people in the house become Tamei only if the Metzora stops passing through and is stationary. (TOSFOS to Yevamos 103b, DH Keivan, maintains that the people in the house do become Tamei even if the Metzora is just passing through it. However, if a Metzora or an article with Tzara'as passes under an unenclosed tree or canopy, the people under the tree or canopy do not become Tamei unless the Metzora or article with Tzara'as stops and is stationary.)
11)[line 30]אבן המנוגעתEVEN HA'MENUGA'AS (NIG'EI BATIM)
(a)The marks of Tzara'as for houses consist of intense green or intense red streaks or spots that are at least the size of two Gerisin (a Gris is a Cilician bean, approximately the size of a dime) (Nega'im 12:3). If Tzara'as is found on the walls of a house, it is put into quarantine by a Kohen for a week. Before the Kohen puts the house into quarantine, he commands that the house be emptied of its contents to prevent its utensils from becoming Tamei.
(b)The Torah states (Vayikra 14:39) "v'Shav ha'Kohen," to prescribe that the Kohen return six days later to check the house. If the Tzara'as has spread, one must remove (Choletz) the stones with Tzara'as from the house, scrape off the surrounding plaster, insert new stones and re-plaster the entire house. The house is then put into quarantine for another week. If the Tzara'as returns to the house during the following week, the owner must dismantle (Notetz) the entire house (Vayikra 14:45). The stones from the house must be taken out of the city, and they remain Asur b'Hana'ah forever.
(c)On the other hand, if the Tzara'as did not change after the first week, the Kohen leaves it as is and returns again six days later. The verse states (Vayikra 14:44) "u'Va Ha'kohen," which means "if, when the Kohen comes back to the house to inspect it a second time, he finds that the spot of Tzara'as has spread, the house is Tamei." Chazal teach that this verse is referring to a spot of Tzara'as that does not spread during its first week. The Kohen "comes back to the house" after a second week to see whether the spot has spread, remains, or has disappeared. If the Tzara'as has either spread or remained, one must remove (Choletz) the stones with Tzara'as from the house, scrape off the surrounding plaster, insert new stones and re-plaster the entire house. The house is then put into quarantine for another week (Vayikra 14:40). If the Tzara'as returns to the house during the following week, the owner must dismantle (Notetz) the entire house (Vayikra 14:45). The stones from the house must be taken out of the city, and they remain Asur b'Hana'ah forever.
(d)Even though the words "v'Shav" and "u'Va" are not identical, they are referring to the same action; namely, the Kohen entering the house to inspect it. This relates the two verses to each other with a Gezerah Shavah. Just as the house is not dismantled if the Tzara'as spreads during the first week — unless the stones are scraped and the Tzara'as returned to the house after a week of quarantine — so, too, the house is not dismantled if the Tzara'as spread during the second week unless it returns to the house after the quarantine period that follows the scraping.
(e)If during one of the inspections at the end of the first or second week the Kohen finds that the Tzara'as has disappeared or diminished in intensity such that it can no longer be classified as a Nega, the location of the spot alone is scraped and the house is declared Tahor after the owner follows the procedure for being Metaher houses (see Background to Sukah 13:11:IV). (RAMBAM Hilchos Tum'as Tzara'as 15:2)
12)[line 30]קביעותאKEVI'USA- being in a fixed place
13)[line 36]כנגד עמודKENEGED AMUD- in sight of a column of urine while it is being urinated
14)[line 37]"ויד תהיה לך...""V'YAD TIHEYEH LECHA"- "and you should have a designated area [as a bathroom...]" (Devarim 23:13).
15a)[line 38]"ויתד""V'YASED"- "and a peg [for digging]" (Devarim 23:14)
b)[line 38]"צאתך""TZE'ASECHA"- "your excrement (ibid.)"
16)[line 41]מטפיחיןMATPICHIN- they are moist
17)[line 43]שרא ליה מריהSHARA LEI MAREI- his Master (Creator) should forgive him
18)[line 44]קרמו פניהKARMU PANEHA- its surface formed a crust
19)[line 47]נפרכתNIFRECHES- crumbles
20)[line 48]הוה קאימנאHAVAH KA'IMNA- I was standing
21)[line 49]מפלאי אפלוייMAFLE'EI AFLUYEI- it is full of cracks
25b----------------------------------------25b
22)[line 1]טופח על מנת להטפיחTOFE'ACH AL MENAS L'HATFI'ACH- moist to the extent that it makes anything that touches it also moist
23a)[line 4]ותיקיןVASIKIN- (a) humble people who cherish the Mitzvos (RASHI); (b) outstanding scholars noted for deep analysis and sharp reasoning (Talmidei Rabeinu Yonah)
b)[line 9]עכוריןACHURIN- turbid, cloudy
c)[line 9]ארעא סמיכתאAR'A SEMICHTA- solid (thick) ground
24)[line 17]עששיתASHASHIS- a [transparent] lantern
25)[line 27]רמי ואזילRAMI V'AZIL- must he constantly put into them
26a)[line 32]גרף של רעיGRAF SHEL RE'I- a clay vessel for the collection of excrement
b)[line 32]עביט של מי רגליםAVIT SHEL MEI RAGLAYIM- a clay vessel for the collection of urine
27)[line 43]מה חזיתMAH CHAZISA- what do you see
28)[line 45]כלבודLEVUD
Objects that are within three Tefachim of the ground are considered to be lying on the ground.
29)[line 51]איעסק ליה לבריהI'ASEK LEI LI'VREI- married off his son
30)[line 51]לא הוה מסתייעא מילתאLO HAVAH MISTAYA MILSA- the Be'ilah was not successful
31)[line 52]איכוIKU- if now
32)[line 52]סכנתון לבריSAKANTUN L'VRI- you would have endangered my son (by causing him to die on account of his sin)
33)[last line]מאניMANEI- cases or utensils
34)[last line]גלימאGELIMA- cloak