Mishnah 1
Hear the Mishnah

1)

(a)The Mishnah now discusses the differences between Kodshei Mizbe'ach and Kodshei Bedek ha'Bayis. The animals of the former can make a Temurah, but not those of the latter (See end of first Perek). How about the birds?

(b)Which three Pesulim apply to Kodshei Mizbe'ach, but not to Kodshei Bedek ha'Bayis?

(c)How do we preclude Kodshei Bedek ha'Bayis based on the fact that the Torah repeats all three by Shelamim?

1)

(a)The Mishnah now discusses the differences between Kodshei Mizbe'ach and Kodshei Bedek ha'Bayis. The animals of the former can make a Temurah, but not those of the latter (See end of first Perek). As far as the birds are concerned - even birds of Kodshei Mizbe'ach cannot make a Temurah (See also Tiferes Yisrael).

(b)The three Pesulim that apply to Kodshei Mizbe'ach, but not to Kodshei Bedek ha'Bayis are - Pigul, Nosar and Tamei.

(c)We preclude Kodshei Bedek ha'Bayis based on the fact that the Torah repeats all three by Shelamim - even though they are already written in connection with Kodshim generally (See Tosfos Yom Tov) to teach us that these Pesulim are confined to Kodshei Kodshei Mizbe'ach.

2)

(a)Furthermore, the V'lados and the milk of P'sulei ha'Mukdashin of Kodshei Mizbe'ach are forbidden (as we learned in the previous Mishnah). From whereabouts in Parshas Re'ei do we learn the Isur?

(b)On what condition will they nevertheless be permitted?

(c)Why, if the Hekdesh animal became pregnant ...

1. ... before the Pidyon, can the V'lad subsequently not be brought on the Mizbe'ach?

2. ... can it not be redeemed?

3. ... after the Pidyon - is it permitted?

2)

(a)Furthermore, the V'lados and the milk of P'sulei ha'Mukdashin of Kodshei Mizbe'ach are forbidden - as we learn from the word "Basar", 've'Lo Chalav' Parshas Re'ei (See previous Mishnah).

(b)They will nevertheless be permitted - if they became pregnant after the Pidyon.

(c)If the Hekdesh animal became pregnant ...

1. ... before the Pidyon, the V'lad cannot subsequently be brought on the Mizbe'ach (See Tosfos Yom Tov) - because their Kedushah stems from a Kedushah that has been rejected. Neither ...

2. ... can it be redeemed - since on the other hand, the Kedushah is not strong enough for their redemption to take effect.

3. ... after the Pidyon it is permitted - because the Torah compares it to a deer and a gazelle.

3)

(a)What will be the equivalent Din with regard to Kodshei Bedek ha'Bayis?

(b)Why is that?

3)

(a)The equivalent Din with regard to Kodshei Bedek ha'Bayis is - that their milk is permitted under all circumstances ...

(b)... seeing as the owner did not declare the animal itself Hekdesh, only its value.

4)

(a)The Mishnah's second last distinction between Kodshei Mizbe'ach and Kodshei Bedek ha'Bayis in this list is that the former are subject to Shechutei Chutz whereas the latter are not. What is the Tana's last distinction (in connection with paying the worker's of Hekdesh)?

(b)How do we learn the latter ruling from the Pasuk in T'rumah "ve'Asu Li Mikdash"?

4)

(a)The Mishnah's second last distinction between Kodshei Mizbe'ach and Kodshei Bedek ha'Bayis in this list is that the former are subject to Shechutei Chutz whereas the latter are not. The Tana's last distinction is - that whereas one cannot use the former to pay the workers of Hekdesh, whereas one can use the latter.

(b)We learn the latter ruling from the Pasuk in T'rumah "ve'Asu Li Mikdash" - from which we Darshen "Li", 'me'she'Li" (See Tosfos Yom Tov).

Mishnah 2
Hear the Mishnah

5)

(a)The first issue that effects Kodshei Bedek ha'Bayis but not Kodshei Mizbe'ach is with regard to 'S'tam Hekdeishos'. What is it?

(b)What does the Tana mean when he says (regarding the second issue) 'Hekdesh Bedek ha'Bayis Chal al ha'Kol'?

(c)How do we apply the third distinction 'Mo'alin be'Gidileihen' assuming that the Kodshei Bedek ha'Bayis is ...

1. ... an animal?

2. ... a chicken?

(d)What is the final issue that effects Kodshei Bedek ha'Bayis but not Kodshei Mizbe'ach?

(e)What do the Kohanim receive from Kodshei Mizbe'ach?

5)

(a)The first issue that effects Kodshei Bedek ha'Bayis but not Kodshei Mizbe'ach is the principle that - 'S'tam Hekdeishos le'Bedek ha'Bayis' (See Tosfos Yom Tov).

(b)When the Tana says (regarding the second issue) 'Hekdesh Bedek ha'Bayis Chal al ha'Kol', he means - that it takes effect on everything, even on a Beheimah Teme'ah, on wood and on stones (whereas Kodshei Mizbe'ach are confined to animals flour, wine and oil that are fit to go on the Mizbe'ach [See Tosfos Yom Tov]).

(c)We apply the third distinction 'Mo'alin be'Gidileihen' assuming that the Kodshei Bedek ha'Bayis is ...

1. ... an animal - to its milk, and ...

2. ... a bird - to its eggs.

(d)The final issue that effects Kodshei Bedek ha'Bayis, but not Kodshei Mizbe'ach is - that the Kohanim receive nothing from it ...

(e)... whereas from Kodshei Mizbe'ach, they receive either the Basar (or at least some of it) or/and the skin.

Mishnah 3
Hear the Mishnah

6)

(a)In the Tana's third list, what does he say about changing both Kodshei Mizbe'ach and Kodshei Bedek ha'Bayis from one Kedushah to another?

(b)What is an example of the former (besides changing it to Kodshei Bedek ha'Bayis)?

(c)What does changing Kodshei Bedek ha'Bayis from one Kedushah to another entail?

6)

(a)In his third list, the Tana prohibits changing both Kodshei Mizbe'ach and Kodshei Bedek ha'Bayis from one Kedushah to another (See Tosfos Yom Tov).

(b)An example of the former (besides changing it to Kodshei Bedek ha'Bayis) is - changing a Shelamim into an Olah or vice-versa.

(c)Changing Kodshei Bedek ha'Bayis from one Kedushah to another entails - changing it into Kodshei Mizbe'ach (See also Tiferes Yisrael & Tosfos Yom Tov).

7)

(a)What does the Tana mean when it says ...

1. ... 'Makdishin Osan Hekdesh Iluy'?

2. ... 'Machrimin Osan'?

(b)Why can this apply only to Kodshei Mizbe'ach, and not to Kodshei Bedek ha'Bayis?

7)

(a)When the Tana says ...

1. ... 'Makdishin Osan Hekdesh Iluy' - he means that if for example, the owner declares on a Kodshei Mizbe'ach animal Hekdesh Bedek ha'Bayis, he must pay whatever he owns in the animal (as we are about to explain) to Bedek ha'Bayis.

2. ... 'Machrimin Osan' - that the same applies if he declares it 'Cherem' (in which case he must give the assessed amount to the Kohen).

(b)This can only apply to Kodshei Mizbe'ach - because the initial owner has absolutely no rights in Kodshei Bedek ha'Bayis.

8)

(a)The Mishnah in Erchin draws a distinction between Neder and Nedavah. What is the basic difference between 'Neder' and 'Nedavah' in the context of Kodshim?

(b)What are the Halachic ramifications of this distinction?

(c)How does this effect the Makdish in our case?

8)

(a)The Mishnah in Erchin draws a distinction between 'Neder' - where the owner declares 'Harei alai', and Nedavah - where he declares 'Harei Zu'.

(b)In the case of Neder - he is considered the full owner (since he will have to replace it in the event that it dies); whereas in the case of Nedavah - (where he does not need to replace it should it die), his only rights in the animal are the small sum of money that he may accept from someone to give the Olah to give his grandson who is a Kohen the animal to bring on the owner's behalf ('Tovas Hana'ah').

(c)This affects the Makdish in our case - inasmuch as he is obligated to give as much as he owns to Bedek ha'Bayis (in the case of Hekdesh Iluy) or to the Kohen (in the case of Cherem).

9)

(a)What does the Mishnah say about Kodshim that die?

(b)Will this extend even to Kodshim animals that obtained a blemish?

(c)To which of the two Kodshim currently under discussion does this apply (See Tosfos Yom-Tov)?

9)

(a)The Mishnah rules that Kodshim that die - must be buried ...

(b)... even if they obtained a blemish - as long as they were not redeemed before they died.

(c)This applies - both to Kodshei Mizbe'ach and to Kodshei Bedek ha'Bayis (See Tosfos Yom-Tov).

10)

(a)Why can one not redeem a dead Kodshim animal (even according to those who hold 'Podin es ha'Kodshim le'Ha'achilan li'Kelavim'?

(b)On what grounds does Rebbi Shimon then permit redeeming a dead animal of Kodshei Bedek ha'Bayis?

(c)Like whom is the Halachah?

10)

(a)One cannot redeem a dead Kodshim animal (even according to those who hold 'Podin es ha'Kodshim le'Ha'achilan li'Kelavim' - because the Torah writes "ve'He'emin ... ve'He'erich" (to teach us that Kodshim animals must stand before the Kohen whilst being assessed).

(b)Rebbi Shimon nevertheless permits redeeming a dead animal of Kodshei Bedek ha'Bayis - because he holds that the Din of 'Ha'amadah ve'Ha'arachah' is confined to Kodshei Mizbe'ach (See Tosfos Yom Tov).

(c)The Halachah is - like the Tana Kama.

Mishnah 4
Hear the Mishnah

11)

(a)The first three items in the Tana's next list are 'Kodshim she'Hipilu', 'Hipilah Shilya' and Shor ha'Niskal'. What do they all have in common with the next items listed by the Tana?

(b)On which principle is the first item based?

(c)Why must all the cases on the list be buried?

11)

(a)The first three items in the Tana's next list are 'Kodshim she'Hipilu', 'Hipilah Shilya' and Shor ha'Niskal', which, like the next items listed by the Tana - must be buried

(b)The first item is based on the principle - 'Ein Shilya be'Lo V'lad (every placenta has a V'lad attached to it)'.

(c)All the cases on the list must be buried - because they are Asur be'Hana'ah.

12)

(a)The next three items are Eglah Arufah, Tziprei Metzora and Se'ar Nazir. Why must the latter refer to the hair of a Tamei Nazir who became Tamei in the middle of his term of Nezirus? What happens to the hair that the Nazir shaves on the day that he completes his Nezirus?

(b)The last three items on the list are Petter Chamor, Basar be'Chalav and, according to the Tana Kama, Chulin she'Nishchatu ba'Azarah. What does Rebbi Shimon say about ...

1. ... Chulin she'Nishchatu ba'Azarah?

2. ... Chayah she'Nishchatah ba'Azarah?

(c)What is Rebbi Shimon's basic reason?

(d)What is therefore strange about his latter ruling?

(e)Like whom is the Halachah?

12)

(a)The next three items are Eglah Arufah, Tziprei Metzora and Se'ar Nazir, with reference to the hair of a Tamei Nazir who became Tamei in the middle of his term of Nezirus (See Tosfos Yom Tov & Tiferes Yisrael). The hair that the Nazir shaves on the day that he completes his Nezirus however - is burned (See Tosfos Yom Tov).

(b)The last three items on the list are Petter Chamor (See Tosfos Yom Tov), Basar be'Chalav and, according to the Tana Kama, Chulin she'Nishchatu ba'Azarah. According to Rebbi Shimon about ...

1. ... Chulin she'Nishchatu ba'Azarah - must be burned and so must ...

2. ... Chayah she'Nishchatah ba'Azarah.

(c)Rebbi Shimon's basic reason is - that people will otherwise err and conclude that Kodshim that became Pasul (Pigul, Nosar and Tamei) must also be buried (when in fact, they need to be burned).

(d)His latter ruling is therefore strange - since nobody will confuse a Chayah she'Meisah with Kodshim that became Pasul (See also Tosfos Yom Tov).

(e)The Halachah is - like the Tana Kama.

Mishnah 5
Hear the Mishnah

13)

(a)The Mishnah lists Chametz on Pesach, T'rumah Teme'ah, Orlah and K'lai ha'Kerem. What do they all have in common?

(b)Who is the author of the Mishnah's ruling that Chametz on Pesach must be burned?

(c)From where does he learn it?

(d)What is the Halachah?

13)

(a)The Mishnah lists Chametz on Pesach, T'rumah Teme'ah, Orlah and K'lai ha'Kerem - all of which require burning.

(b)The author of the Mishnah's ruling that Chametz on Pesach must be burned is - Rebbi Yehudah ...

(c)... who learns it from - Nosar

(d)The Halachah however, is - like the Chachamim, that it does not need to be burned (See Tosfos Yom Tov).

14)

(a)What do we learn from the word ...

1. ... "T'rumosai" (plural [in the Pasuk in Shoftim "va'Ani Hinei Nasati l'ha es Mishmeres T'rumosai")?

2. ... "Tukdash" (in the Pasuk in Ki Seitzei, in connection with K'lai ha'Kerem "Pen Tukdash ha'Mele'ah")?

(b)From where do we then know that Orlah must also be burned?

(c)On what condition does one bury Orlah and K'lai ha'Kerem?

(d)Why does the Tana see fit to insert here the ruling that one is permitted to use bread and oil of T'rumah which became Tamei?

14)

(a)We learn from the word ...

1. ... "T'rumosai" (plural [in the Pasuk in Shoftim "va'Ani Hinei Nasati l'ha es Mishmeres T'rumosai") - that even T'rumah Teme'ah may be used to burn as fuel under the Kohen's pot (See Tosfos Yom Tov).

2. ... "Tukdash" (in the Pasuk in Ki Seitzei, in connection with K'lai ha'Kerem "Pen Tukdash ha'Mele'ah") - the K'lai ha'Kerem (is Asur be'Hana'ah, and) must be burned.

(b)We know that Orlah must also be burned - because we learn it from K'lai ha'Kerem (See Tosfos Yom Tov).

(c)One buries Orlah and K'lai ha'Kerem - when it is in liquid form (and which one does not generally burn).

(d)The Tana sees fit to insert here the ruling that one is permitted to use as fuel bread and oil of T'rumah which became Tamei because, unlike the other items mentioned in the Mishnah, T'rumah is Mutar b'Hana'ah.

Mishnah 6
Hear the Mishnah

15)

(a)What does the Mishnah say about all Kodshim that are Shechted Chutz li'Zemano or Chutz li'Mekomo?

(b)The source is the Pasuk in Tzav in connection with a Chatas whose blood is brought into the Heichal. What does the Pasuk say?

(c)The Tana Kama requires an Asham Taluy to be burnt. What is the case?

(d)Why can it not be brought on the Mizbe'ach?

(e)What does Rebbi Yehudah say?

15)

(a)The Mishnah rules that all Kodshim that are Shechted Chutz li'Zemano or Chutz li'Mekomo - must be burned.

(b)The source is the Pasuk in Tzav in connection with a Chatas whose blood is brought into the Heichal, which states - "ba'Eish Tisrofu" (See Tosfos Yom Tov).

(c)The Tana Kama requires an Asham Taluy to be burnt - if, before the blood has been sprinkled, the owner is found not to have sinned.

(d)It cannot be brought on the Mizbe'ach - because it transpires that the animal is Chulin that was brought to the Azarah (See Tosfos Yom Tov).

(e)According to Rebbi Yehudah - it must be buried.

16)

(a)Which kind of Chatas is brought on a Safek?

(b)What is the case?

(c)On what grounds is the Kohen permitted to sprinkle the blood of the Chatas ha'Of on the Mizbe'ach even though it is a Safek?

(d)What will be the status of the bird in the event that what the woman gave birth to was not a baby?

(e)Why can it not then be eaten?

16)

(a)A Chatas ha'Of (a dove or a young pigeon) - is brought on a Safek'.

(b)The case is - that of a woman who gives birth, but she is not sure whether it is a baby or a 'Ru'ach'.

(c)The Kohen is permitted to sprinkle the blood on the Mizbe'ach even though it is a Safek - seeing as the bird is anyway not brought on the Mizbe'ach.

(d)In the event that what the woman gave birth to was not a baby, the bird will be - Chulin.

(e)It can cannot then be eaten - since the Kohen's Melikah (which is only Kasher as regards Kodshim) rendered it Neveilah.

17)

(a)The Tana Kama therefore includes the Safek Chatas ha'Of in the list of things that must be burned (like any other Kodshim Pesulim). What does Rebbi Yehudah say?

(b)He does not say this with regard to a Korban Pasul. Why does he say it by a bird?

17)

(a)The Tana Kama therefore includes the Safek Chatas ha'Of in the list of things that must be burned (like any other Kodshim Pesulim). Rebbi Yehudah says - that one should throw it into the 'Amah' (the stream that flows through the Azarah [See Tosfos Yom Tov]).

(b)He does not say this with regard to a Korban Pasul, only by a bird - which due to its softness, disintegrates easily.

18)

(a)The Tana forbids burying what must be burned and vice-versa. Why may one not ...

1. ... bury what requires burning?

2. ... burn what requires burial?

(b)Based on the word "ve'Samo" (in the Pasuk in Tzav "ve'Samo Eitzel ha'Mizbe'ach"), what is the sole exception to the rule 'Kol ha'Nisrafin, Afran Mutar (even of Kodshim)'?

(c)What does Rebbi Yehudah say about the current rulings?

(d)Like whom is the Halachah in all three Machlokos between Rebbi Yehudah and the Tana Kama in this Mishnah?

(e)How did the Tana Kama respond to Rebbi Yehudah's ruling?

18)

(a)The Tana forbids burying what must be burned and vice-versa. One may not ...

1. ... bury what requires burning - in case somebody digs it up and benefits from it (See Tosfos Yom Tov).

2. ... burn what requires burial - in case somebody benefits from the ashes (from which one may benefit, whereas what requires burial remains Asur be'Hana'ah [See Tosfos Yom Tov]).

(b)Based on the word "ve'Samo" (in the Pasuk in Tzav "ve'Samo Eitzel ha'Mizbe'ach"), the sole exception to the rule 'Kol ha'Nisrafin, Afran Mutar (even of Kodshim)' is - T'rumas ha'Deshen (See Tosfos Yom Tov).

(c)Rebbi Yehudah - permits burning what requires burial.

(d)The Halachah in all three Machlokos between Rebbi Yehudah and the Tana Kama in this Mishnah is - like the Tana Kama.

(e)The Tana Kama's response to Rebbi Yehudah's ruling was - that one is not permitted to deviate from the initial ruling (See Tosfos Yom Tov).

Nishlemah Maseches Temurah

D.A.F. TALMUD RESOURCES
FOR MASECHES TEMURAH