Mishnah 1
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1)

(a)What does the Tana mean when he says Lulav va'Aravah Shishah ve'Shiv'ah?

(b)How many days do ...

1. ... Hallel and Simchah apply?

2. ... Sukah and Nisuch ha'Mayim?

(c)Why is (whole) Hallel recited throughout Succos, but not throughout Pesach?

(d)What does 'Simchah' entail?

(e)When was the Nisuch ha'Mayim performed?

1)

(a)When the Tana says 'Lulav va'Aravah Shishah ve'Shiv'ah ... ', he mean that - sometimes the Mitzvah of Lulav and that of Aravah last six days, and sometimes, seven (as will be explained later).

(b)Whereas ...

1. ... Hallel and Simchah apply - all eight days , and ...

2. ... Sukah and Nisuch ha'Mayim - all seven.

(c)The reason that (whole) Hallel is recited throughout Succos, but not throughout Pesach is - because unlike on the latter, on the former a differnt Korban is brought every day of Yom Tov.

(d)'Simchah' entails - eating Basar Sh'lamim (Shalmei Simchah).

(e)The Nisuch ha'Mayim was performed together with the Korban Tamid each morning of Succos.

2)

(a)And the Tana concludes that 'ha'Chalil Chamishah ve'Shishah'. Which Chalil is he talking about?

(b)When is it ...

1. ... Shishah?

2. ... Chamishah?

(c)On what principle is this based?

2)

(a)And the Tana concludes that 'ha'Chalil - (the flute of the Simchas Beis ha'Sho'eivah) Chamishah ve'Shishah'.

(b)It is ...

1. ... Shishah - when Shabbos falls on Yom-Tov and ...

2. ... Chamishah - when it falls on one of the days of Chol ha'Mo'ed ...

(c)... since 'Chalil' pushes away neither Yom-Tov nor Shabbos.

Mishnah 2
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3)

(a)When is 'Lulav' taken seven days and when is it six?

(b)Bearing in mind that basically, the Mitzvah of Lulav is not Docheh Shabbos, when did it nevertheless apply all seven days?

(c)Why is that?

(d)Why then, did the Chachamim not permit taking it on Shabbos ...

1. ... Chol ha'Mo'ed?

2. ... at all nowadays, even on the first day?

3)

(a)'Lulav' is taken seven days - when the first day falls on Shabbos, but only six, when Shabbos occurs during Chol ha'Mo'ed.

(b)Bearing in mind that basically, the Mitzvah of Lulav is not Docheh Shabbos, it nevertheless applied all seven days - in the Beis-ha'Mikdash when the first day of Succos fell on Shabbos ...

(c)... because Lulav applies on the first day everywhere (See Tos. Yom-Tov DH 'Yom-Tov ha'Rishon') ...

(d)The Chachamim did not however, permit taking it on Shabbos ...

1. ... Chol ha'Mo'ed - since although one takes it in the Beis-ha'Mikdash on Chol ha'Mo'ed, one does not take it outside the Beis-ha'Mikdash.

2. ... at all nowadays, even on the first day - because we are not experts inthe fixing of the calendar , and maybe tomorrow is Yom-Tov and not today [See Tos. Yom-Tov - DH 've'Sha'ar Kol ha'Yamim, Shishah']).

4)

(a)What Isur is involved in taking a Lulav on Shabbos?

(b)So why did the Chachamim forbid it at all?

(c)Which other two Mitzvos share the same decree?

4)

(a)The only Isur involved in taking a Lulav on Shabbos is Muktzah - which would not apply if the Chachamim had not forbidden taking it.

(b)And the reason the Chachamim forbade it at all is - for fear that one may carry it for Amos through the street to ask a Chacham how to shake it or how to recite a Br'achah over it.

(c)The other two Mitzvos that share the same decree are - Shofar and Megilah.

Mishnah 3
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5)

(a)What does the Mitzvah of 'Arvah' entail?

(b)How often is it performed?

(c)What is the source for the Mitzvah?

5)

(a)The Mitzvah of 'Arvah' entails - the Kohanim going round the Mizbe'ach holding Aravos ...

(b)... every day of Succos.

(c)The source for the Mitzvah is - Halachah le'Moshe mi'Sinai.

6)

(a)When is the Mitzvah of 'Aravah' seven days and when is it six?

(b)Why did the Chachamim establish that one day should be Docheh Shabbos?

(c)And why is 'Aravah' not Docheh Shabbos nowadays?

6)

(a)The Mitzvah of 'Aravah' is seven days - when the seventh day falls on Shabbos, but only six, when Shabbos occurs on any other day of Succos (See Tos. Yom-Tov).

(b)The Chachamim established that one day should be Docheh Shabbos - to remind us that Aravah is d'Oraysa (See Tos. Yom-Tov).

(c)'Aravah' is not Docheh Shabbos nowadays - because it is only a Minhag Neve'im (See Tos. Yom-Tov).

Mishnah 4
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7)

(a)The Mishnah discusses the Mitzvah of Lulav on Shabbos in the Beis-ha'Mikdash. When is this speaking?

(b)Each person would take his Lulav to the Beis-ha'Mikdash on Erev Yom-Tov and hand it to one of the Chazanim. Who were the 'Chazanim'?

(c)Where did the Chazanim place them?

(d)What did they teach the people to say (seeing as it was the first day of Yom-Tov)?

7)

(a)The Mishnah discusses the Mitzvah of Lulav on Shabbos in the Beis-ha'Mikdash - on the first day of Succos that falls on Shabbos.

(b)Each person would take his Lulav to the Beis-ha'Mikdash on Erev Yom-Tov and hand it to one of the Chazanim - alias Shamashim, whose job it was to see to the needs of the community.

(c)The Chazanim arranged them - on the Itztava'os (covered seating areas similar to modern bus-shelters [See Tos. Yom-Tov]).

(d)Seeing as it was the first day of Yom-Tov - they taught each person to say that whoever received his Lulav would now be its new owner (See Tos. Yom-Tov).

8)

(a)What problem did they have the following day when they threw the Lulavim in front of the people that forced them to change their policy?

(b)What did they subsequently institute?

8)

(a)The problem the following day when they threw the Lulavim in front of the people that forced them to change their policy - was that they began striking each other and fighting over the Lulavim, until it reached a point of Sakanas Nefashos.

(b)They subsequently instituted - that everyone should take his Lulav at home.

Mishnah 5
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9)

(a)The Mishnah now discusses the Mitzvah of Aravah. Where did they pick the Aravos that they used in the Beis-ha'Mikdash?

(b)What is the connection between Motza and K'lanya?

(c)Why was it called ...

1. ... by that name?

2. ... 'Motza'?

9)

(a)The Mishnah now discusses the Mitzvah of Aravah. They picked the Aravos that they used in the Beis-ha'Mikdash - in a location below Yerushalayim called Motza ...

(b)... which is also known as K'lanya.

(c)It was called ...

1. ... by that name - because whoever lived there was exempt from paying taxes, which is what 'K'lanya' means.

2. ... 'Motza' - for the same reason, because Motza means exempt.

10)

(a)They picked from there 'Murbiyos shel Aravah. What does 'Murbiyos' mean?

(b)Where did they eventually (See Tois. Yom-Tov) stand them?

(c)Why did they need to be eleven Amos tall?

(d)What notes did they then blow on the Shofar?

10)

(a)They picked from there 'Murbiyos - (large branches) shel Aravah ....

(b)Which they eventually (See Tois. Yom-Tov) stood - on the Y'sod ha'Mizbe'ach.

(c)They needed to be eleven Amos tall - so that they were tall enough to soar above the top of the Mizbe'ach and then to droop down until one Amah was lying on the Mizbe'ach (See Tois. Yom-Tov).

(d)They then blew on the Shofar - 'Teki'ah, Teru'ah Teki'ah'.

11)

(a)According to the Tana Kama, each day, as they walked round the Mizbe'ach holding the Aravah branches, the Kohanim would say 'Ana Hash-m Hoshi'a Na! Ana Hash-m, Hatzlicha Na!'. What did they say, according to Rebbi Yehudah?

(b)What unusual connection is there between 'Ana Hash-m Hoshi'a Na!' and 'Ani va'Hu (or va'Ho) Hoshi'a Na!'

(c)What other connotations do the two words 'Ani va'Hu' have?

(d)And how might we explain the Pasuk 'Ani va'Hu Hoshi'a Na!'?

11)

(a)According to the Tana Kama, each day, as they walked round the Mizbe'ach holding the Aravah branches, the Kohanim would say 'Ana Hash-m Hoshi'a Na! Ana Hash-m, Hatzlicha Na!'. According to Rebbi Yehudah, they said 'Ani va'Hu (or va'Ho) ...

(b)... which has the same Gematriyah as 'Ana Hash-m Hoshi'a Na!''

(c)In addition, the two words 'Ani va'Hu' - are both Names of Hash-m that emanate from Hash-m's Name of seventy-two letters (See Tois. Yom-Tov).

(d)We might explain the Pasuk 'Ani va'Hu Hoshi'a Na!' to mean - "Save now me and He (Hash-m) who are in trouble!"

12)

(a)What distinction does the Tana draw between the first six days and the seventh day (Hosha'na Rabah) with regard to the Kohanim walking round the Mizbe'ach with their Aravos?

(b)According to the Tana Lama, when they took leave of the Mizbe'ach, they declared 'Yofi Lach Mizbe'ach! 'Yofi Lach Mizbe'ach!' What did they declare according to Rebbi Eliezer?

12)

(a)The distinction the Tana draws between the first six days and the seventh day with regard to the Kohanim walking round the Mizbe'ach with their Aravos is - that whereas on the first six days they walked round the Mizbe'ach only once, on the seventh day (Hosha'na Rabah) they walked round it seven times (much in the same way as they did when they captured Yericho).

(b)According to the Tana Lama, when they took leave of the Mizbe'ach, they declared 'Yofi Lach Mizbe'ach! 'Yofi Lach Mizbe'ach!' (See Tos. Yom-Tov) According to Rebbi Eliezer, they declared - le'Kah u'l'cha Mizbe'ach ... !' (See Tos. Yom-Tov).

Mishnah 6
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13)

(a)According to the Tana Kama, what is the only difference between the Mitzvah of Aravah when it falls on a weekday and when it falls on Shabbos?

(b)Rebbi Yochanan ben B'rokah argues with the Tana Kama regarding the entire Din of Aravah. What does he say?

(c)What did they do with them?

(d)How does he learn that from the fact that "Kapos Temarim" is written in the plural?

(e)Like whom is the Halachah?

13)

(a)According to the Tana Kama, the only difference between the Mitzvah of Aravah when it falls on a weekday and when it falls on Shabbos is - that, in the latter case, they would pick them on Erev Yom-Tov and place them in golden barrels of water, to prevent them from withering (See Tiferes Yisrael).

(b)Rebbi Yochanan argues with the Tana Kama regarding the entire Din of Aravah. According to him, it was Lulavim that they brought in the Beis-Hamikdash both on Shabbos and during the week.

(c)They banged them on the floor beside the Mizbe'ach (like we do with the Arovos), which is why the day became known as 'Yom Chibut Charioyos' (See Tos. Yom-Tov).

(d)He learns that from the fact that "Kapos Temarim" is written in the plural - implying that there are two independent Mitzvos of Lulav, one as part of the Arba Miynim, the other, the one that we are currently discussing (See Tos. Yom-Tov).

(e)The Halachah is - like the Tana Kama.

Mishnah 7
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14)

(a)How do we explain the Mishnah 'mi'Yad ha'Tinokos Shomtin es Lulveihen ve'Ochlin es Esrogeihen', assuming there is no comma after 'mi'Yad'.

(b)Why is this not considered Gezel?

(c)How else might we explain it?

(d)Why do the grown-ups not enjoy the same concession>

14)

(a)Assuming there is no comma after 'mi'Yad', we explain the Mishnah 'mi'Yad ha'Tinokos Shomtin es Lulveihen ve'Ochlin es Esrogeihen' to mean - that the grownups would snatch the Lulavim from the children's hands and eat their Esrogim.

(b)This was not considered Gezel (See Tos. Yom-Tov) - since it was customary to do so.

(c)Alternatively, we might explain it to mean - that immediately (when the Mitzvah of Lulav has terminated on Hosha'na Rabah), the children would throw down their Lulavim and eat their their Esrogim are Muktzah for the Mitzvah and amay not be eaten until nightfall (See Tos. Yom-Tov & Tiferes Yisrael).

(d)The grown-ups do not enjoy the same concession - since thrir Esrogim are Huktzah le'Mitzvasan for part of the day, they remain Muktzah for the rest of the day.

Mishnah 8
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15)

(a)What practical lesson does the statement 'ha'Hallel ve'ha'Simchah Shemonah' teach us?

(b)Despite the fact that the Mitzvah of Sukah lasts only seven days, why is one not permitted to dismantle one's Sukah on Hosha'na Rabah?

(c)What may one nevertheless do to demonstrate one's respect for the last day of Yom-Tov (Shemini Atzeres)?

15)

(a)The statement 'ha'Hallel ve'a'Simchah Shemonah' teaches us - that one is obligated to honor Shemini Atzeres no less than the other days of Succos.

(b)Despite the fact that the Mitzvah of Sukah lasts only seven days, one is not permitted to dismantle one's Sukah on Hosha'na Rabah - because the Mitzvah of Sukah applies the whole day.

(c)Nevertheless one is permitted - to take all one's Yom-Tov dishes and spreads down from the Sukah (See Tos. Yom-Tov) into the house from Minchah-time and onwards. to demonstrate one's respect for the last day of Yom-Tov (Shemini Atzeres [See Tos. Yom-Tov]).

Mishnah 9
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16)

(a)In honor of the Mitzvah of Nisuch ha'Mayim (See Tos. Yom-Tov), one would fill a bottle holding three Lugin of water. What was the bottle made of?

(b)Where did they fill it from?

(c)What did the Kohanim do when they arrived with it at the Water-Gate (one of the southern gates of the Azarah)?

(d)The Kohen who was carrying it ascended the ramp leading up to the Mizbe'ach. Where did he go when he reached the top?

16)

(a)In honor of the Mitzvah of Nisuch ha'Mayim (See Tos. Yom-Tov), one would fill a bottle holding three Lugin of water. The bottle was made of gold.

(b)They filled it from - the spring in Motza (See Tos. Yom-Tov).

(c)When they arrived with it at the Water-Gate (one of the southern gates of the Azarah) - the Kohanim blew a Teki'ah, Teru'ah, Teki'ah.

(d)The Kohen who was carrying it ascended the ramp leading up to the Mizbe'ach. When he reached the top - he turned left and walked with it to the south-western Keren.

17)

(a)What was the purpose of the two bowls that were affixed to the Mizbe'ach beside the south-western 'Keren'?

(b)According to the Tana Kama, what were they both made of?

(c)Rebbi Yehudah maintains that they were really made of lime. Then what caused the Tana Kama to think that they were made of silver?

17)

(a)One of the two bowls that were affixed to the Mizbe'ach beside the south-western 'Keren' was used for Nesachim of wine and the other for Nesachim of water.

(b)According to the Tana Kama, they were both made of silver (See Tos. Yom-Tov).

(c)Rebbi Yehudah maintains that they were really made of lime, and the reason that the Tana Kama thought that they were made of silver is - because since wine was sometimes poured into one of the bowls and sometimes into the other (even though it ought not to have been as we shall see shortly) - they adopted a silvery appearance, causing the Tana Kama to err.

18)

(a)The holes in both bowls were small. Why was one deliberately made smaller than the other?

(b)If the two bowls were placed from west to east, which bowl was for the water and which one for the wine?

(c)What if the Kohen inadvertently poured the water into the eastern bowl or the wine into the western one?

18)

(a)The holes in both bowls were small. The one into which they poured the water was deliberately made smaller than the other - since water is less dense than wine, and this would ensure that the two finished draining simultaneously.

(b)The two bowls were placed from west to east - the western one for the water, the eastern one for the wine.

(c)If the Kohen inadvertently poured the water into the eastern bowl or the wine into the western one (See Tos. Yom-Tov) - he was Yotzei Bedi'eved.

19)

(a)In which two points does Rebbi Yehudah disagree with the Tana Kama?

(b)Like whom is the Halachah?

(c)Why did they tend to instruct the Kohen who poured the water to raise his hands whilst pouring?

(d)How did the people react to that?

19)

(a)According to Rebbi Yehudah - the Kohen poured one Lug of water (not three) all eight days (including Shemini Atzeres), not just seven (See Tos. Yom-Tov).

(b)The Halachah however, is like - the Tana Kama.

(c)They tended to instruct the Kohen who poured the water to raise his hands whilst pouring - because it once happened that a Kohen (Tzedoki) who did not believe in the institution of Nisuch ha'Mayim) poured the water at his feet, and not into the bowl.

(d)The people reacted to that - by pelting him with their Esrogim (See Tos. Yom-Tov).

Mishnah 10
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20)

(a)What is the only difference listed by the Mishnah between the water that they used for Nisuch ha'Mayim on Shabbos and the water that they used during the weekday?

(b)What is the significance of the fact that the jar into which they placed it on Erev Shabbos could not be a K'li Shareis?

(c)Where did they then place the jar?

20)

(a)The only difference listed by the Mishnah between the water that they used for Nisuch ha'Mayim on Shabbos and the water that they used during the weekday was - that the former, which they were forbidden to carry on Shabbos, had to be filled and brought to the Azarah on Erev Shabbos.

(b)The jar into which they placed the water on Erev Shabbos could not be a K'li Shareis - because if it was, the water would become Pasul be'Linah overnight.

(c)They then placed the jar - in one of the rooms in the vicinity of the Beis-ha'Mikdash.

21)

(a)What did they do if the water spilled or became uncovered?

(b)What is the reason for the latter ruling? What is wrong with using uncovered wine or water on the Mizbe'ach?

(c)In that case, how could they use water from the Kiyor, seeing as the Kiyor was a K'li Shareis?

21)

(a)If the water spilled or became uncovered - then they would fill the jar with water from the Kiyor ...

(b)... because wine or water that has become uncovered is invalid from going on the Mizbe'ach (See Tos. Yom-Tov).

(c)Nevertheless, there was no problem in using water from the Kiyor (despite the fact that the Kiyor was a K'li Shareis) - since they would lower it each night so that it was joined to the stream that passed through the Beis-ha'Makdash, thereby preventing it from becoming Pasul be'Linah.

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