1)

WHICH WOMEN ARE DAYAH SHAITAN? (Yerushalmi Perek 1 Halachah 2 Daf 2a)

îúðé' ëéöã ãééä ùòúä äéúä éåùáú áîèä åòñå÷ä áèäøåú ôéøùä åøàú ãí äéà èîéàä åëåìï èäåøåú

(a)

(Mishnah): How is the law of Dayah Shaitah? If she was sitting on a bed and dealing with Taharos, and she separated from them and saw blood, she is Teme'ah, the bed all of them are Tehorim.

àó òì ôé ùàîøå îèîà îòú ìòú àéðä îåðä àìà îùòä ùøàú

(b)

Even though they said that she is Metamei 24 hours [retroactively], she counts [seven days of Nidah before immersing] only from the time that she saw blood.

øáé àìòæø àåîø àøáò ðùéí ãééï ùòúï áúåìä åîòåáøú åîéðé÷ä åæ÷éðä

(c)

R. Eliezer says, four types of women are Dayan Shaitan (because they are Mesulakos Damim, i.e. they normally do not see blood) -- a Besulah, a pregnant woman, a nursing woman, and a Zekenah (all of these will be explained).

àîø øáé éäåùò ìà ùîòúé àìà áúåìä

(d)

R. Yehoshua: I heard only that a Besulah is Dayah Shaitah.

àáì äìëä ëøáé àìéòæø:

(e)

However, the Halachah follows R. Eliezer. (ELIYAHU RABAH - the Stam Mishnah says this, and not R. Yehoshua.)

âî' àîø øáé éäåùò ìà ùîòúé àìà áúåìä

(f)

(Gemara): R. Yehoshua said "I heard only that a Besulah is Dayah Shaitah."

àáì äìëä ëøáé ìéòæø.

(g)

However, the Halachah follows R. Eliezer.

àéï àåîøéï îé ùìà øàä àú äìáðä éáåà åéòéã àìà àåîø îé ùøàä àú äìáðä éáåà åéòéã àúä ìà ùîòú àðé ùîòúé

(h)

[R. Eliezer, to Yehoshua]: We do not say that one who did not see the moon will come and testify. Rather, one who saw the moon will come and testify! You did not hear. I heard!

ëì éîéí ùäéä ø' ìéòæø ÷ééí äéúä äìëä ëøáé éäåùò îùîú øáé ìéòæø äðäéâ øáé éäåùò äìëä ëøáé ìéòæø.

(i)

As long as R. Eliezer was alive, the Halachah followed R. Yehoshua. After R. Eliezer died, R. Yehoshua caused people to conduct like R. Eliezer.

îä ðï ÷ééîéï àí áùùîò øáé ìéòæø îôé àçã åøáé éäåùò îôé ùðéí áéï áçééí áéï ìàçø îéúä úäà äìëä ëøáé éäåùò

(j)

Question: What is the case? If R. Eliezer heard from one [Chacham], and R. Yehoshua heard from two, both in his lifetime and after death, the Halachah should follow R. Yehoshua!

åàí áùùîò øáé éäåùò îôé àçã åøáé ìéòæø îôé ùðéí áéï áçééí áéï ìàçø îéúä úäà äìëä ëø' ìéòæø

1.

And if R. Yehoshua heard from one, and R. Eliezer heard from two, both in his lifetime and after death, the Halachah should follow R. Eliezer;

ëäãà ãúðé àçã àåîø ùîòúé îôé ùðéí åùðéí àåîøéí ùîòðå îôé àçã ééôä ëç äàçã ùùîò îôé ùðéí îëç äùðéí ùùîòå îôé àçã

i.

This is like it was taught, if one says "I heard from two" and two say "we heard from one", the one who heard from two has greater strength than the two who heard from one [and all the more so here that one heard from two and one heard from one]!

àìà ëï àðï ÷ééîéï áùåéï æä ùîò îôé àçã åæä ùîò îôé àçã æä ùîò îôé ùðéí åæä ùîò îôé ùðéí

(k)

Answer: Rather, The case is, they are equal. He heard from one and he heard from one, or he heard from two and he heard from two;

áçééå ìà øàä ãòúå ìàçø îéúúå øàä ãòúå

1.

In [R. Eliezer's] lifetime, [R. Yehoshua] did not agree with him. After death, he agreed with him.

[ãó á òîåã á] îä çîéú îéîø áùøàä ãòúå

(l)

Question: Why did he say [after death] that he agrees with him?

ëäãà ãúðé àøáò ðùéí ùàîøå çëîéí ãééï ùòúï ëúîï èîà ìîôøò çåõ îúéðå÷ú ùìà äâéò æîðä ìøàåú îôðé ùàéï ìä ëúîéï ãáøé øáé îàéø

(m)

Answer: It is like it was taught - the four women that Chachamim said that Dayah Shaitan, their Kesamim are Tamei retroactively, except for a young girl before the [normal] time to see, for she has no stains. R. Meir says so;

åçëîéí àåîøéí àøáò ðùéí ùàîøå çëîéí ãééï ùòúï ëúîï èîà ìîôøò àáì úéðå÷ú ùäâéò æîðä ìøàåú ëúîä ëøàééúä îä øàééúä ãééä ùòúä àó ëúîä ãééä ùòúä

1.

And Chachamim say, the four women that Chachamim said that Dayah Shaitan, their Kesamim are Tamei retroactively, but a young girl who reached the time to see, her stain is like her sighting. Just like her sighting is Dayah Shaitah, also her Kesem is Dayah Shaitah.

àîø øáé éðàé îôðé ùùéøôä îöåé

2.

R. Yanai says, [they needed to teach that a young girl who reached the time to see, her stain is Dayah Shaitah,] because her blood is common.

åîä àí æä ùùéøôä îöåé àú àîø ãééä ùòúä àìå ùàéï ùéøôï îöåé ìà ëì ùëï îéëï ùøàä ãòúå:

3.

Inference: This [young girl who reached the time to see], that her blood is common, you say that she is Dayah Shaitah [for her sighting] - these [four women], whose blood is not common, all the more so [they are Dayah Shaitan for their sightings]! From here, R. Yehoshua agreed with R. Eliezer.