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SOTAH 31

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SUMMARY

Both Avraham and Iyov served Hashem out of love.
 
The merit of one who serves Hashem out of fear stands for 100 generations and the merit of one who serves Hashem out of love stands for 200 generations.
 
Rebbi Eliezer holds that Setirah does not require witnesses and even if a bird announces the Setirah she loses her Kesuvah. (1)
 
Rebbi Yehoshua holds that witnesses are required for Setirah, however if she is the topic of gossiping women she is forbidden to her husband. (2)
 
One witness is believed that a Sotah is Temei'ah even if the witness is a servant or a maidservant. (3)
 
A mother-in-law, her daughter, a Tzarah, a Yevamah and daughter of the husband are believed that a Sotah is Temei'ah. (4)
 
If one witness who says that a Sotah is Temei'ah is contradicted by two witnesses she may drink the Mei Sotah.
 
If the two witnesses who say that a Sotah is Temei'ah are contradicted by one witness she does not drink the Mei Sotah.
 
Two witnesses are required for testimony that a woman who did not undergo Kinuy and Setirah is Temei'ah.
 
Anytime the Torah believes one witness he is believed like two witnesses.
 
Rebbi Chiya says that if two contradictory witnesses regarding whether a woman is Temei'ah testify at the same time she may drink the Mei Sotah. (5)
 
Anytime the Torah believes one witness we follow the witnesses who are the majority even if they are Pesulei Eidus. (6)

A BIT MORE

1. If she does not want to drink the Mei Sotah she loses her Kesuvah.
 
2. If the women who weave by moonlight are gossiping about her the Mei Sotah no longer has any effect and therefore her husband must divorce her and she does not receive her Kesuvah.
 
3. She may not drink the Mei Sotah and her husband must divorce her and she does not receive her Kesuvah.
 
4. They are not believed to make her lose the Kesuvah since these relatives tend to hate her; they are only believed to prohibit her on her husband.
 
5. However if the witness who testifies that she is Temei'ah testifies first she may not drink the Mei Sotah even if he is contradicted afterwards by a second witness.
 
6. However according to one opinion if one man testifies first that she is Temei'ah he is believed even if two women subsequently contradict her.

BRIEF INSIGHT

MITZVOS LO SA'ASEH
 
The merit of one who serves Hashem out of fear stands for 100 generations because the Pasuk says l'Shomrei Mitzvosav for a thousand generations. Rashi says Shomrei Mitzvosav implies acting out of fear. The Maharsha explains because Shomrei Mitzvosav is a reference to Mitzvos Lo Sa'aseh which are done from fear while Mitzvos Aseh are done from love. Rashi explains that even though earlier the Gemara stated that serving out of fear is less than ideal that was a reference to serving out of fear of punishment while here the Gemara is referring to serving out of recognition of the great fear that Hashem Yisbarach conveys over His creations.

QUICK HALACHAH

SERVING OUT OF FEAR
 
One who serves Hashem out of love occupies himself with Torah and Mitzvos and goes down the path of Chachmah. He does not act with ulterior motives, or because he is afraid of something bad that may occur, or because he wants to receive something good. He acts with truth simply because it is the truth. Good things will inevitable be the result of his actions. This attribute is a lofty attribute and not every Chacham merits it. It is the attribute of Avraham Avinu that Hashem Yisbarach called Ohavo because he served Hashem Yisbarach out of love. (Rambam Hilchos Teshuvah 10:2)

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