REVACH L'DAF
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SUMMARY
All slang words for Nedarim are the same as the word Neder itself. (1)
All slang words for Charamim, Shevu'os and Nezirus are the same as the words Cherem or Shevu'ah themselves.
If someone says, "I am Mudrani from you or Mufrashni from you or Meruchakni from you, that I will not eat or taste from you" it is a Neder. (2)
If someone says, "I am Menudeh from you" Rebbi Akiva implies that it is a valid Neder. (3)
A Neder and a Cherem prohibit the object on the person while a Shevu'ah prohibits the person on the object.
Certain types of relatives inherit one from the other while other types inherit from the others but the others do not inherit from them. (4)
Some women are permitted to their husbands and forbidden to their Yevamim while other women are permitted to the Yevamim but prohibited to their husbands.
Some types of Menachos require oil and Levonah while other types of Menachos require oil but not Levonah.
Some types of Menachos require Hagashah but not Tenufah while other types of Menachos require Tenufah but not Hagashah.
Some firstborns are regarded as Bechoros with respect to a Kohen (the require Pidyon) but not with respect to inheritance (they do not inherit a double portion). (5)
A BIT MORE
1. A regular language of Neder is to say that this object shall be prohibited to me like a Korban or like Hekdesh. However if you say that it should be prohibited like a pig it is not a valid Neder since a pig is prohibited without making a Neder. You have to prohibit it like something that is also forbidden because of a Neder. If instead of saying that it is prohibited like a Korban you use a word that is similar to the word Korban this is called Kinuyei Nedarim and it is a valid Neder.
2. Even though he did not speak out the entire Lashon of the Neder, it is nevertheless regarded as a Yad of a Neder (literally, the handle of a Neder) and it is a Neder. However it is only a Neder if he says, "Mudrani from you that I will not eat from you or I will not taste from you." But if he only says, "Mudrani from you" without saying "I will not eat from you" it is not even a Yad of a Neder and he is not forbidden to eat from that person.
3. It is regarded as a Yad of a Neder. However it is only a valid Neder if he also says, "I will not eat from you or I will not taste from you," otherwise it is not even a Yad of a Neder.
4. A father and a son inherit from each other; a son inherits his mother but a mother does not inherit her son.
5. Some firstborns are regarded as Bechoros with respect to inheritance and inherit a double portion, but they are not regarded as Bechoros with respect to a Kohen and do require a Pidyon ha'Ben.
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BRIEF INSIGHT
TWO TYPES OF CHARAMIM
There are two types of Charamim: Chermei Gavohah and Chermei Kohanim. Chermei Gavohah are given to the Bedek ha'Bayis and someone who benefits from them must bring a Korban Me'ilah and they may be redeemed. Chermei Kohanim may not be redeemed and they are given to the Kohanim. If someone benefits from them before they are given to the Kohanim he must bring a Korban Me'ilah and if he benefits from them after they are given to the Kohanim there is no Chiyuv Me'ilah. (Rosh)
QUICK HALACHAH
KINUYEI NEDARIM
All slang words for Nedarim are the same as the word Neder itself. What is the case? If someone says that this loaf of bread shall be forbidden to him like a Konam, Konech or Kones [it is a valid Neder]. The Kinuyei Nedarim depend on the language that is used in the place in which the person makes the Neder. If in that place there are certain languages that are used for Kinuyei Nedarim, if a person makes a Neder in that Lashon it is a valid Neder. However Kinuyei Kinuyim –languages that are very distant from the usual Lashon for Nedarim are not the same as a regular Lashon Neder. Any language that a person uses to make a Neder is valid. (Shulchan Aruch YD 207:1)
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Index to Revach for Maseches Nedarim
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