(Mishnah): If he said 'until Pesach', he is forbidden until Pesach comes. If he said 'until it will be Pesach', he is forbidden until it ends.

If he said 'until Lifnei Pesach' - R. Meir says, [he is forbidden] until it comes;

R. Yosi says, until it ends.

Question (R. Yirmeyah, in front of R. Ze'ira): R. Meir contradicts himself, and R. Yosi contradicts himself!

(If a man has two sets of daughters, i.e. from two wives, and was Mekadesh his big daughter, but he is unsure whom this was, R. Meir says that all are Safek Mekudashos, except for the youngest of the younger set. Rebbi Yosi says, he was definitely Mekadesh the oldest of the older set.) There, [R. Yosi] says [we know that one does not enter a Safek, and say that Vadai it was the oldest,] to the point that we exclude [from any Safek] all his authority over (to be Mekadesh) the older ones, and all his authority over the younger ones, and here you say so (he is forbidden until the end of Pesach, for he entered a Safek)?!

Note: This is partially based on KORBAN HA'EDAH. Surely, R. Yirmeyah similarly asks why there, R. Meir holds that he enters a Safek about everyone that can be called 'big', and here he forbids only until Pesach comes, for one does not enter a Safek. (PF)

R. Ze'ira: From when Ben Azai died, the Shakdanim (diligent Chachamim) ceased, and there was not another Shakdan until R. Yirmeyah?!

Objection (R. Ba, the son of R. Chiya bar Va): Why does [R. Ze'ira] provoke [R. Yirmeyah, with this sarcastic remark]? Did not R. Lazar ask R. Yochanan that R. Yosi contradicts himself, and R. Yochanan said that [the text of] the Mishnah [is errant, and] must be switched?!

Note: R. Yochanan was the greatest Chacham of Eretz Yisrael, and after he died, R. Lazar was the greatest (Bavli Gitin 19b). ERKEI TANA'IM V'AMORA'IM (R. Yirmeyah) says that R. Ze'ira praised R. Yirmeyah! Perhaps his text said 'Mekales' in place of 'Mekanter'. R. Ba asks, why did he say that there was not another Shakdan until R. Yirmeyah? Previous Chachamim asked and answered his question! (PF)

And it was taught so in academy of Rebbi - 'until Lifnei Pesach' - R. Meir says, until it ends. R. Yosi says, until it comes.

Question: We want to explain [the argument about 'until Lifnei Pesach'], and you say so (that a Tana holds that it means until the end of Pesach)?!

Answer (R. Ze'ira): This is an expression of [people of] Nivasi - 'Ad Lifnei Pischa.' (The Tana'im argue about what it means; it is not related to the argument in Kidushin.)

(R. Avin): All agree that [during] Pesach he is permitted. What do they argue about? It is Paros (half a month before) Pesach. This [Tana] says until Paros ha'Pesach arrives, and this [Tana] says until it ends.

(Mishnah): If one said 'until the harvest', 'until the grape harvest', or 'until the olive harvest', he is forbidden only until it begins;

The rule is, anything with a fixed time, if he said 'until it comes', he is forbidden until the start. If he said 'until it will be', he is forbidden until the end;

Anything without a fixed time, whether he said 'until it comes' or 'until it will be', he is forbidden only until the start.

(Gemara) Question: If one fixed a time for the [nuptial] feast of his son, and said 'Konam wine, that I will not taste it until the feast', is this like something with a fixed time (and he is forbidden until it occurs)? Or, since he can delay it until later, it is like something without a fixed time (and he is forbade himself only until the date he fixed? We explained this like the RAN 62b.)

(Mishnah): If one said 'until the Kayitz (cutting, i.e. summer)' or 'until it will be Kayitz', he is forbidden until people start to gather in Kalkelos (this will be explained);

If he said 'until Kayitz passes', he is forbidden until people store away the knives used to cut figs.

'Until the Ketzir', he is forbidden until the Am starts harvesting. This refers to the wheat harvest, and not the barley harvest.

We follow the harvest in the place of the vow - if it was in the mountain, [it depends on the harvest] in the mountain. If it was in the valley, in the valley.

(Gemara) Question: What are Kalkelos - baskets of figs, or baskets of grapes?

Answer #1: We learn from [the Seifa] - until they store away the Miktzo'os (knives used to cut figs. Also Kalkelos are of figs.)

Rebuttal: Can you say that Miktzo'os are [only] for figs, and there are not Miktzo'os of grapes?!

Answer #2: We learn from the following. A man carrying raisins entered Tiverya. Gamliel Zuga asked R. Ba bar Zavda (if we must be concerned for Demai); he said, all of Eretz Yisrael does not make one load of raisins. (Surely they are from Chutz la'Aretz; we are not concerned for Demai.)

Objection: [Can it be that] all of Eretz Yisrael does not make one load of raisins?!

Answer: Rather, so he said - there is no place in Eretz Yisrael that makes one load of raisins. (We may assume that they are from Chutz la'Aretz.)

(Mishnah): 'Until the Ketzir [refers to the wheat harvest, and not the barley harvest].

Question: It is written "Ad Kelos Ketzir ha'Seorim u'Ketzir ha'Chitim", and you say so (that the barley harvest is not called Ketzir)?!

Answer: The verse refers to in the south (barley is common there, so also the barley harvest is called Ketzir). Our Mishnah discusses in the north (barley is not common there, so only the wheat harvest is called Ketzir).

If one vowed until the Kayitz in Galil, and descended to the valley, even though the valley produced its first figs, he is forbidden until Galil produces its first figs.