ORLAH APPLIES ONLY TO TREES PLANTED FOR FOOD (Yerushalmi Orlah Perek 1 Halachah 1 Daf 1a)
[ãó à òîåã à] [ãó à òîåã à (òåæ åäãø)] îúðé' äðåèò ìñééâ åì÷åøåú ôèåø îï äòøìä.
(Mishnah): One who plants for a fence or for beams, it is exempt from Orlah;
øáé éåñé àåîø àôéìå àîø äôðéîé ìîàëì åäçéöåï ìñééâ äôðéîé çééá åäçéöåï ôèåø:
R. Yosi says, even if he said 'the inner [branches] will be for food, and the outer for a fence', the inner are obligated and the outer are exempt.
âî' äðåèò ìñééâ ëå'.
(Gemara - Mishnah): One who plants for a fence...
ëúéá [åé÷øà éè ëâ] (åðèòúí ëì - äâø"à îåç÷å) òõ îàëì àú ùäåà ìîàëì çééá. ìñééâ åì÷åøåú åìòöéí ôèåø.
Source: It says "Etz Ma'achal" - what is for food is obligated. What is for a fence, beams or [fire]wood is exempt.
îòúä àåúå ùì îàëì àôé' çéùá òìéå ìñééâ éäà çééá.
Suggestion: If [we learn from there, we should say that a tree] for food (a fruit tree), even if he intended for a fence, should be obligated!
ú"ì [ö"ì åðèòúí ëì - äâø"à] òõ îàëì.
Rejection #1: "U'Ntatem Kol Etz Ma'achal" (it is obligated only if he planted for food. We explained this like SHENOS ELIYAHU.)
øáé éåñé [ö"ì àåîø - ø"ù ñéøéìéå] éìîã ãáø îúçéìúå îîùîò ùðàîø [åé÷øà éè ëâ] ùìù ùðé' éäéä ìëí òøìéí ìà éàëì. åëé àéï àðå éåãòéï ùáòõ îàëì äëúåá îãáø îä ú"ì åðèòúí ëì òõ îàëì
Rejection #2 (R. Yosi): We learn from the beginning. It says "Shalosh Shanim Yihyeh Lachem Arelim Lo Ye'achel" - do we not know that it discusses a fruit tree?! Why does it say "u'Ntatem Kol Etz Ma'achal"?
àú ùäåà ìîàëì çééá ìñééâ åì÷åøåú åìòöéí ôèåø.
[This teaches that] what [was planted] for food is obligated. What [was planted] for a fence, beams or wood is exempt.
øáé éåðä (ìîã) [ö"ì àåîø éìîã - ø"ù ñéøéìéå] ãáø îñåôå îîùîò ùðàîø [ùí ëä] åáùðä äçîéùéú úàëìå àú ôøéå ìäåñéó ìëí úáåàúå. åëé àéï àðå éåãòéï ùáòõ îàëì äëúåá îãáø îä ú"ì åðèòúí ëì òõ îàëì
Rejection #3 (R. Yonah): We learn from the end. Since it says "uva'Shanim ha'Chamishis Tochlu Es Piryo Lehosif Lachem Tevu'aso" - do we not know that it discusses a fruit tree?! Why does it say "u'Ntatem Kol Etz Ma'achal"?
àú ùäåà ìîàëì çééá ìñééâ åì÷åøåú åìòöéí ôèåø.
[This teaches that] what [was planted] for food is obligated. What [was planted] for a fence, beams or wood is exempt.
úðé øáï ùîòåï áï âîìéàì àåîø áã"à áæîï ùðèò ìñééâ åì÷åøåú åìòöéí ãáø ùäåà øàåé ìäí. ðèò ãáø ùàéï øàåé ìäí çééá.
(Beraisa - R. Shimon ben Gamliel): When is this [that one who planted for a fence, beams or wood is exempt]? It is when he planted for a fence, beams or wood something proper for them. If he planted something not proper for them, it is obligated.
éàåú àîø øùá"â î"è ãøáðéï.
Question: R. Shimon ben Gamliel said properly! What is the reason for Rabanan [who do not distinguish]?
[ãó à òîåã á (òåæ åäãø)] à"ø æòéøà áîùðä ñãø ðèéòúí ìòöéí áøåöó ì÷åøåú áîùôä ìñééâ î÷åí äñééâ îåëéç òìéå.
Answer (R. Ze'ira): Rabanan agree [that a kind of tree not proper for a fence, beams or wood is obligated. R. Shimon ben Gamliel discusses] one who deviated from the normal way of planting. For wood - they are dense (fruit trees are planted sparsely). For beams - he trims [the branches, so the trunk will get thicker]. For a fence - the place of the fence proves [that this was his intent].
úðé áùí øáé îàéø ëì äàéìðåú áàéï ìîçùáú ôèåø çåõ îï äæéú åîï äúàéðä.
(Beraisa - in the name of R. Meir): All trees can have an intent that exempts, except for olive and fig trees. (They are esteemed; they are always for food.)
ø"î ëãòúéä ãàîø ëì àéìðåú àéìï ñø÷ çåõ îæéú åúàéðä.
R. Meir holds like he taught elsewhere, for he said 'all trees are [called] barren, except for olive and fig trees.' (If one draped a vine over a barren tree, one may not plant other species under the entire tree.)
úðé áùí ø"ù àéï ìê áà ìîçùáú ôèåø àìà ùìùú äîéðéï áìáã øéîåï åù÷îä åöìó.
(Beraisa - in the name of R. Shimon): Intent for something exempt applies only to three species - Rimin (like plums), sycamore and caper.