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BAVA BASRA 121
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SUMMARY

1. The Mishnah states that the happiest days of the Jewish calendar were Yom Kippur and the Fifteenth of Av.
 
2. Shmuel: On the Fifteenth of Av, it was taught that girls who inherited their fathers were allowed to marry men from other tribes.
 
3. Rebbi Yochanan: On this day, the men of Binyamin were permitted to marry women of other tribes.
 
4. Rav Nachman: On this day, the generation that left Egypt ceased dying in the desert.
 
5. Ula: On this day, Hoshea ben Eilah removed the guards who prevented Bnei Yisrael from going to the Beis ha'Mikdash.

A BIT MORE

1. The Gemara proceeds to give many reasons why the Fifteenth of Av (Tu b'Av) was such a happy day. The Gemara understands that Yom Kippur is clearly a happy day because this is when our sins are forgiven, and it is the day when the second set of Luchos were given.
 
2. The sages had a tradition that this was said on Tu b'Av.
 
3. During the era of the Mishkan in Eretz Yisrael, the tribe of Binyamin was ostracized (and a war as fought against them) due to their negligence regarding bringing to justice perpetrators (from their tribe) of a gang rape and homicide of a concubine. However, when there were very few people left from the tribe of Binyamin, Bnei Yisrael relented and allowed the tribes to marry into the tribe of Binyamin.
 
4. For the sin of sending the spies, the generation of people who left Egypt was destined to die in the desert. Every year in the desert some of the people died, until the last year they were in the desert, when on the fifteenth of Av, it became evident that no one was dying anymore.
 
5. Yeravam ben Nevat had established guards to ensure that the people of his kingdom (Malchus Yisrael, comprised of the ten tribes, as opposed to Malchus Yehudah led by descendants of David ha'Melech) would not go to the Beis ha'Mikdash. Hoshea ben Eilah was the first king of Malchus Yisrael to remove these guards from their posts and allow Bnei Yisrael to go to the Beis ha'Mikdash.

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