1)

What are the connotations of the multi-faceted phrase "Even Sheleimah va'Tzedek, Eifah Sheleimah" va'Tzedek"?

1.

Rashbam: "Sheleimah" means one weight and one measure? and not two half-weights, 1 and "Tzedek", a weight and a measure that is accurate.

2.

Targum Yonasan: "Even Sheleimah" refers to weights and "va'Tzedek" to scales; "Eifah Sheleimah" refers to dry measures and "va'Tzedek", to weighing-jars.


1

Refer to 25:13:2:1*.

2)

What are the connotations of the double Lashon "Even Sheleimah va'Tzedek"?

1.

Targum Yonasan: "Even Sheleimah" refers to weights and "va'Tzedek" to scales; "Eifah Sheleimah" refers to dry measures and "va'Tzedek", to (weighing) jugs.

2.

Bava Basra, 88b: We Darshen from "va'Tzedek" 'Tzadek mi'shel'cha ve'Ten lo!' - When the scales are exactly correct, one should tip them a little in favor of the purchaser. 1

3.

Bava Basra, 89b: To prohibit the shopkeeper from selling the exact amount where the Minhag is to add a litle extra and the purchaser from adding a little extra where the Minhag is to weigh out the exact amount - even with the consent of both parties. 2


1

See Torah Temimah, note 189. Oznayim la'Torah: And this explains why the Torah writes "va'Tzedek" (masculine) and not 'u'Tzedeikah' (feminine), like it writes "Sheleimah".

2

See Torah Temimah, notes 190 & 191.

3)

Why does the Torah write "Even Sheleimah va'Tzedek" - switching from the feminine to the masculine?

1.

Bava Basra, 88b: In order to Darshen 'Tzadek mi'she'L'cha ve'Ten lo!' - When the scales are exactly correct, one should tip them a little in favor of the purchaser. 1


1

See Torah Temimah, note 189. Oznayim la'Torah: And this is called 'Tzedek'.

4)

What are the connotations of the double Lashon "Eifah Sheleimah va'Tzedek Yih'yeh lach"?

1.

Rashbam: Refer to 25:13:2:1*. The Torah means that one should use one complete weight, and not two half ones.

2.

Bava Basra, 89b: To prohibit the shopkeeper from flattening the pile where the Minhag is to add to it and the purchaser from adding to the pile where the Minhag is to flatten it 1 - and even if the shopkeeper is willing to deduct accordingly from the price and the purchaser is willing to pay more.


1

Refer to 25:15:1:5 and note.

5)

Why does the Torah repeat the words "Yih'yeh lach"?

1.

Rashi: To teach us that conversely, 1 if you possess only correct weights and measures, you will have a lot.

2.

Sifri: The Chachamim learn from here that the merchant should clean his measures once every thirty days and the Balabos, once every twelve months.


1

See Sifsei Chachamim.

6)

What are the implication of "Lema'an Ya'arichu Yamecha .. "?

1.

Yerushalmi Bava Basra, 5:8: Wherever the Torah presents the reward for a Mitzvah, Beis-Din 1 are not punishable if the people do not adhere to it. 2


1

Even though the Torah instructed them to set-up inspectors. Refer to 25:14:0.1:1.

2

See Torah Temimah, note 194.

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