What does the unusual term "Kivras Eretz" mean?
Rashi #1 (citing Menachem ben Seuk) and Rashbam: It means still a long distance away. 1
Rashi #2 (citing the Midrash): It refers to the time of year - in the spring, when the land is full of holes like a Kevarah (sieve) 2 , and it is pleasant to travel (Sifsei Chachamim).
Ramban (citing the Redak): The distance that one travels between daybreak and breakfast.
Rashi #3: It is a measure of land, about a Parsah (four Mil).
Rashi (48:7, citing R. Moshe ha'Darshan): It is a Mil (2000 Amos), the equivalent of Techum Shabbos.
Ramban: It is a small measure of land, less than a Mil. When I came to Eretz Yisrael, I found that Kever Rachel is less than a Mil from Beis Lechem.
Which explains why Yakov buried her there in the middle of the way and did not take her to Efrat, as the Pasuk goes on to explain (Rashbam).
Mizrachi: This was at the beginning of spring, when it is plowed. Also in the heat of summer, the land is full of holes, but then it is hard to travel.3. 3
Ki'Bras - 'like the time that one eats' (See Eichah 4:6).
The Pasuk in Yirmiyah (31:14) "A voice is heard in Ramah - Rachel is crying for her children" implies that she was buried in Ramah!
What is the significance that Rachel died now?
Malbim: Yakov married two sisters. This was permitted before Matan Torah, and Hashem told him to do so, to father the Shevatim. After Hashem blessed him to be under Divine Hashgachah, this was like after Matan Torah, and it was improper to be married to two sisters, especially after the last Shevet was born. For the same reason, she was not buried in Me'aras ha'Machpelah.
Ha'Emek Davar: Midas ha'Din struck Yakov. 1
Ramban (Vayikra 18:25): This was Hashgachah. She merited to die in Eretz Yisrael, and Yakov merited that he not transgress being married to two sisters in Eretz Yisrael. The Avos kept all the Mitzvos in Eretz Yisrael. (Hagahah in the Rosh, verse 19).
Ha'Emek Davar (15) said that Yakov called the place Elokim Beis Kel, to teach that Midas ha'Din is in the precise place of a Tzadik. (PF)


