BERACHOS 30 - Two weeks of study material have been dedicated by Mrs. Estanne Abraham Fawer to honor the Yahrzeit of her father, Rav Mordechai ben Eliezer Zvi (Rabbi Morton Weiner) Z'L, who passed away on 18 Teves 5760. May the merit of supporting and advancing Dafyomi study -- which was so important to him -- during the weeks of his Yahrzeit serve as an Iluy for his Neshamah.

1)

(a)We already cited Rebbi Ya'akov Amar Rav Chisda who obligates someone setting out on a journey to recite Tefilas ha'Derech. What deadline does he give for reciting it?

(b)How does the B'hag interpret 'ad Kamah ... ad Parsah'?

(c)According to Rav Chisda, one must stand when reciting Tefilas ha'Derech. What does Rav Sheishes say?

1)

(a)We already cited Rebbi Ya'akov Amar Rav Chisda who obligates someone setting out on a journey to recite Tefilas ha'Derech. The deadline he gives for reciting it is - one Parsah (i.e. four Mil).

(b)According to the B'hag, 'ad Kamah ... ad Parsah' - refers (not to the deadline, but) to the minimum distance one needs to travel that obligates one to recite it.

(c)According to Rav Chisda, one must stand when reciting Tefilas ha'Derech. Rav Sheishes - permits one to sit.

2)

(a)What did Rav Chisda do, when, on one occasion, he was traveling together with Rav Sheishes and the time came to recite Tefilas ha'Derech?

(b)Why did Rav Sheishes need to ask his Shamash what Ra Chisda was doing?

(c)How did he react when the Shamash replied that he was reciting Tefilas ha'Derech?

(d)Why did he do that?

2)

(a)When, on one occasion, Rav Chisda was traveling together with Rav Sheishes and the time came to recite Tefilas ha'Derech - he stood up in order to recite it.

(b)Rav Sheishes needed to ask his Shamash what Rav Chisda was doing - because he was blind.

(c)When the Shamash replied that he was reciting Tefilas ha'Derech - he asked the Shamash to help him to stand, so that he too, would recite tefilas ha'Derech standing.

(d)He did that, he explained - due to the principle 'mi'Heyos Tov al Tikri Ra (Since there is no harm in following suite, why not do so [even though it was permitted, in his opinion, to recite it whilst traveling).

3)

(a)Besides the actual text, what is the basic difference between 'Havineinu' and the short Tefilah that one Davens in a location of danger?

(b)How about repeating them when one arrives home?

(c)What third distinction do we draw between the way that they need to be recited?

3)

(a)Besides the actual text, the basic difference between 'Havineinu' and the short Tefilah that one Davens in a location of danger is the first and last three B'rachos, which the former requires but not the latter.

(b)When one arrives home - one is obligated to repeat the latter but not the former.

(c)The third distinction we draw between the way that they need to be recited is - that 'Havineinu' must be said standing, whilst the short B'rachah may be said even sitting.

4)

(a)On what condition does the Tana Kama of the Beraisa require somebody riding a donkey to dismount and Daven?

(b)What does Rebbi say?

(c)Why is that?

(d)Like whom does Rava (or Rebbi Yehoshua ben Levi) Pasken?

4)

(a)the Tana Kama of the Beraisa requires somebody riding a donkey to dismount and Daven - provided there is someone to hold his donkey.

(b)Rebbi maintains - that even then he is not obligated to dismount ...

(c)... since it is difficult for him to concentrate to due the traveling delay.

(d)Rava (or Rebbi Yehoshua ben Levi) Paskens - like Rebbi.

5)

(a)Based on the Pasuk in Melachim "Vehispal'lu el Hash-m", what does the Tana in another Beraisa say a blind person or someone who does not know the directions should do when Davening the Amidah?

(b)And what should a person who is Davening ...

1. ... in Chutz la'Aretz do, based on the Pasuk there "Vehispal'lu Eilecha Derech Artzam"?

2. ... somewhere in Eretz Yisrael, based on the Pasuk there "Vehispal'lu Eilecha Derech ha'Ir asher Bacharta"?

(c)And what does the Tana finally say about a person who is standing ...

1. ... in Yerushalayim, based on the Pasuk in Divrei ha'Yamim "Vehispal'lu el ha'Bayis ha'Zeh"?

2. ... in the Beis-ha'Mikdash, based on the Pasuk in Melachim "Vehispal'lu el ha'Makom ha'Zeh"?

3. ... in the Kodesh Kodshim?

4. ... behind the Beis ha'Kapores (behind the Kodesh Kodshim on the west)?

(d)What is the outcome of all these rulings?

(e)Rebbi Avin (or Rebbi Avina) supports this with the Pasuk in Shir ha'Shirim "ke'Migdal David Tzavrech, Banuy le'Talpi'os". How does he Darshen the word "(le')Talpi'os"?

5)

(a)Based on the Pasuk in Melachim "Vehispal'lu el Hash-m", the Tana in another Beraisa requires a blind person or someone who does not know the directions who is Davening the Amidah - to imagine that he is standing before Hash-m.

(b)Whereas a person who is Davening ...

1. ... in Chutz la'Aretz, based on the Pasuk there "Vehispal'lu Eilecha Derech Artzam" - should face Eretz Yisrael.

2. ... somewhere in Eretz Yisrael, based on the Pasuk there "Vehispal'lu Eilecha Derech ha'Ir asher Bacharta" - should face Yerushalayim.

(c)Finally the Tana rules that a person who is standing ...

1. ... in Yerushalayim, based on the Pasuk in Divrei ha'Yamim "Vehispal'lu el ha'Makom ha'Zeh" - must face the Beis-ha'Mikdash.

2. ... in the Beis-ha'Mikdash - must consider himself to be standing before the Kodesh Kodshim.

3. ... in the Kodesh Kodshim - must have in mind that he is standing in front of the Beis ha'Kapores (the Aron ha'Kodesh).

4. ... behind the Beis ha'Kapores (behind the Kodesh Kodshim on the west) must consider himself to be standing in front of the Aron and turn his face (eastwards) towards it.

(d)The outcome of all these rulings is - that someone who is standing in the east faces the west, someone who is standing in the north faces the south, and vice-versa; with the result that everybody is facing the same central point.

(e)Rebbi Avin (or Rebbi Avina) supports this with the Pasuk in Shir ha'Shirim "ke'Migdal David Tzavrech, Banuy le'Talpi'os". He Darshens the word "(le')Talpi'os" - 'Teil she'Kol Piyos Ponim bo (the heap to which all mouths turn)'.

6)

(a)What would the father of Shmuel and Levi (regarding reciting the Sh'ma and the Amidah) do when they set out on a journey early in the morning?

(b)This conforms to the Tana Kama of the Beraisa. What does the Tana say regarding someone who travels on Rosh ha'Shanah, on Succos or on Purim?

(c)And what does the Tana Kama then say regarding someone who travels by carriage or by boat?

6)

(a)When the father of Shmuel and Levi set out on a journey early in the morning (See Tosfos DH 'Avuhah di'Shmuel') - they would Daven the Amidah before leaving and recite the Sh'ma when it got light.

(b)This conforms to the Tana Kama of the Beraisa. The Tana there says that someone who travels on Rosh ha'Shanah, on Succos or on Purim - should blow the Shofar, shake Lulav or read the Megilah before leaving and recite the Sh'ma when the time falls due.

(c)The Tana Kama then says that someone who travels by carriage or by boat - (for whom it is difficult to stand) should Daven the Amidah before leaving and the Sh'ma when the time falls due.

7)

(a)Rebbi Shimon ben Elazar maintains in the latter case that one should recite the Sh'ma and Daven the Amidah in the carriage in order to juxtapose Ge'ulah to Tefilah. On what grounds does the Tana Kama disagree with that?

(b)What is then the basis of their Machlokes?

7)

(a)Rebbi Shimon ben Elazar maintains in the latter case that one should recite the Sh'ma and Daven the Amidah in the carriage in order to juxtapose Ge'ulah to Tefilah. The Tana Kama disagrees with that - because it is preferable to Daven the Amidah standing (in order to concentrate better).

(b)The basis of their Machlokes therefore is - whether it is better to Daven the Amidah standing or to juxtapose the Amidah to Ge'ulah.

8)

(a)On what occasion did Mereimar and Mar Zutra gather a Minyan in their houses on Shabbos?

(b)When did the people who attended the D'rashos, who would recite the Sh'ma before the D'rashah, Daven the Amidah?

(c)When would Rav Ashi recite the Sh'ma and Daven the Amidah when he Darshened?

(d)Where was Rav Ashi Rosh Yeshivah?

8)

(a)Mereimar and Mar Zutra gathered a Minyan in their respective houses on Shabbos - before leaving to give their respective D'rashos on the Shabbos of Yom-Tov (Pesach, Shavu'os and Succos).

(b)The people who attended the D'rashos, who would recite the Sh'ma before the D'rashah - would slip out one by one to Daven the Amidah.

(c)Rav Ashi would dictate a large section of the D'rashah to the Meturgeman (the translator) and recite the Sh'ma and Daven the Amidah whilst he was repeating it to the people.

(d)Rav Ashi was Rosh Yeshivah - in Masa Machsaya.

9)

(a)Why did Rav Ashi repeat the Amidah when he arrived home after the D'rashah?

(b)Why did he take his cue from ...

1. ... Mereimar and Mar Zutra?

2. ... the father of Shmuel and Levi?

9)

(a)Rav Ashi repeated the Amidah when he arrived home after the D'rashah - because the first time he had Davened sitting down.

(b)He did not take his cue from ...

1. ... Mereimar and Mar Zutra - because he found it too difficult to achieve.

2. ... the father of Shmuel and Levi - because 'We have never seen our peers doing that' (despite the fact that it is also the opinion of the Tana Kama of the Beraisa').

10)

(a)What does Rebbi Elazar ben Azaryah in the Mishnah mean when he says that Tefilas ha'Musafin only applies be'Chaver Ir?

(b)What do the Chachamim say?

(c)How does Rebbi Yehudah amend Rebbi Elazar ben Azaryah's ruling?

(d)How do we explain the Machlokes between the Tana Kama and Rebbi Yehudah in Rebbi Elazar ben Azaryah? What are its ramifications?

10)

(a)When Rebbi Elazar ben Azaryah says in the Mishnah that Tefilas ha'Musafin only applies be'Chaver Ir, he means - that one may only Daven Musaf with a Minyan (be'Chaver Ir - ba'Chaburas Ir).

(b)According to the Chachamim - it is permitted to Daven Musaf even when there is no Minyan.

(c)Rebbi Yehudah amends Rebbi Elazar ben Azaryah's ruling to 'Wherever there is a Minyan, a Yachid is exempt from Davening Musaf'.

(d)The Machlokes between the Tana Kama and Rebbi Yehudah in Rebbi Elazar ben Azaryah is - whether in a place where there is no Minyan, a Yachid is permitted to Daven Musaf (Rebbi Yehudah) or not (the Tana Kama).

11)

(a)Like whom did Rav Huna bar Chiya Amar Rebbi Chiya bar Rav Pasken?

(b)Rav Chiya bar Avin supported this ruling from a statement of Shmuel. What did Shmuel declare that he never did in Neherda'a except for one occasion?

(c)What happened on that occasion that caused Shmuel to Daven Musaf on his own?

11)

(a)Rav Huna bar Chiya Amar Rebbi Chiya bar Rav Paskened - like Rebbi Yehudah Amar Rebbi Elazar ben Azaryah.

(b)Rav Chiya bar Avin supported this ruling from a statement of Shmuel, who declared that he never Davened Musaf on his own in Neherda'a except for once ...

(c)... when a battalion of the king's troops entered the town and the frightened Tzibur did not Daven Musaf.

30b----------------------------------------30b

12)

(a)What was Rebbi Yanai's response when Rebbi Chanina the T'nach expert Paskened in front of him like Rebbi Yehudah Amar Rebbi Elazar ben Azaryah regarding Davening Musaf on one's own?

(b)When Rebbi Yochanan claimed that he saw Rebbi Yanai Daven two consecutive Amidos, what did he mean?

(c)What was he out to prove?

12)

(a)When Rebbi Chanina the T'nach expert Paskened in front of him like Rebbi Yehudah Amar Rebbi Elazar ben Azaryah regarding Davening Musaf on one's own - the former instructed him to take his statement outside, since the Halachah is not like him.

(b)When Rebbi Yochanan claimed that he saw Rebbi Yanai Daven two consecutive Amidos, he meant - that one must have been Shachris and the other, Musaf ...

(c)... a proof that one may Daven Musaf on one's own even when there is a Minyan in town.

13)

(a)What did Rebbi Yirmiyah suggest to Rebbi Zeira that refuted Rebbi Yochanan's proof?

(b)On what grounds did Rebbi Zeira reject Rebbi Yirmiyah's suggestion?

13)

(a)Rebbi Yirmiyah suggested to Rebbi Zeira that - perhaps he repeated the Amidah because he Davened the first time without Kavanah.

(b)Rebbi Zeira rejected Rebbi Yirmiyah's suggestion - because, he said, a great man like Rebbi Yochanan would not have brought such a proof, unless he knew for sure that the second Amidah was Tefilas Musaf.

14)

(a)Where was Rebbi Ami and Rebbi Asi's Beis-ha'Medrash situated?

(b)What is the fact that they used to Daven 'between the pillars' of their Beis-ha'Medrash coming to teach us?

(c)Rav Yitzchak bar Avdimi in the name of Rabeinu Paskened like Rebbi Yehudah in the name of Rebbi Elazar ben Azaryah. Who is 'Rabeinu'?

(d)What did Rebbi Chiya bar Aba subsequently do that raised Rebbi Zeira's eyebrows (See 12c)?

14)

(a)Rebbi Ami and Rebbi Asi's Beis-ha'Medrash was situated - in Teverya.

(b)The fact that they used to Daven 'between the pillars' of their Beis-ha'Medrash is coming to teach us - that they did so despite having thirteen local Shuls in which to Daven (i.e. it is preferable to Daven where one learns than in Shul, even though the Minyan is smaller).

(c)Rav Yitzchak bar Avdimi in the name of Rabeinu - (Rav) Paskened like Rebbi Yehudah in the name of Rebbi Elazar ben Azaryah.

(d)Rebbi Chiya bar Aba subsequently - Davened twice, thereby raising Rebbi Zeira's eyebrows.

15)

(a)Rebbi Zeira refuted the suggestion that maybe Rebbi Chiya bar Aba repeated Shachris because he had Davened the first one without Kavanah based on a statement by Elazar. What did Rebbi Elazar say about someone who reckons that he is unable to Daven with Kavanah?

(b)What other reason did he initially suggest as to why Rebbi Chiya bar Aba may have repeated Shachris?

(c)This reason too, he refuted based on a Beraisa. What does the Beraisa say about someone who forgets to ...

1. ... insert 'Ya'aleh ve'Yavo' at Shachris?

2. ... Daven the Musaf Amidah?

15)

(a)Rebbi Zeira refuted the suggestion that maybe Rebbi Chiya bar Aba repeated Shachris because he had Davened the first one without Kavanah based on a statement by Elazar - who said that someone who reckons that he is unable to Daven with Kavanah - should not Daven at all.

(b)Alternatively, he initially suggested that Rebbi Chiya bar Aba may have repeated Shachris - because he forgot 'Ya'aleh ve'Yavo'.

(c)This reason too, he refuted based on a Beraisa, which said that someone who forgets to ...

1. ... insert 'Ya'aleh ve'Yavo' at Shachris - does not repeat the Amidah because he can insert it at Musaf.

2. ... Daven the Musaf Amidah (See Mesores ha'Shas) - need not repeat the Amidah because he can insert 'Ya'aleh ve'Yavo at Minchah.

16)

(a)What did Rebbi Chiya bar Aba retort citing Rebbi Yochanan?

(b)This might mean that one does then not need to repeat the Amidah since one subsequently hears it from the Chazen. How did the B'hag explain it?

(c)So why did Rebbi Chiya bar Aba in fact retract

(d)What have we now proved?

16)

(a)Citing Rebbi Yochanan, Rebbi Chiya bar Aba retorted - that all this only speaks be'Tzibur.

(b)This might mean that one does then not need to repeat the Amidah since one subsequently hears it from the Chazen. The B'hag however, explained that it only pertains to the Chazan himself, whom Chazal did not obligate to repeat the Amidah due to Tircha de'Tzibura (troubling the congregation).

(c)Consequently, Rebbi Chiya bar Aba retracted - because he had not Davened be'Tzibur.

(d)In any event - the second Tefilah that he Davened was not Musaf, because he Davened be'Yachid, and the Halachah is like Rebbi Yehudah Amar Rebbi Elazarben Azaryah (like Rav Yitzchak bar Avdimi in the name of Rav).

17)

(a)What are we referring to when we ask how long one must wait between one Tefilah and another?

(b)Rav Huna and Rav Chisda argue over the answer. One of them says 'K'dei she'Tischonen Da'ato alav'. What does he mean?

(c)What does the other one say?

(d)What does he mean?

(e)The one source is the Pasuk "Va'eschanan el Hash-m". From which Pasuk in Ki Sissa does the other one derive his opinion?

17)

(a)When we ask how long one must wait between one Tefilah and another, we are referring either to someone who forgot to Daven one Tefilah or to someone who needs to Daven both Shachris and Musaf.

(b)Rav Huna and Rav Chisda argue over the answer. One of them says 'K'dei she'Tischonen Da'ato alav' - the time one needs for one's mind to settle, in order to Daven in a supplicating manner.

(c)The other one says - 'K'dei she'Tischolel Da'ato alav' ...

(d)... which means - the same thing (and they only arguing over the Lashon).

(e)The one source is the Pasuk "Va'eschanan el Hash-m". The other, the Pasuk in Ki Sissa "Vayechal Moshe" (both of which are expressions of supplication).

18)

(a)What does Rav Anav Amar Rav say about someone who omits 'Ya'aleh ve'Yavo' at Ma'ariv'?

(b)Why is that?

(c)How does Ameimar attempt to qualify Rav's ruling?

(d)What is the reason behind his suggestion?

(e)On what grounds did Rav Ashi refute it?

18)

(a)Rav Anav Amar Rav says that someone who omits 'Ya'aleh ve'Yavo' at Ma'ariv' - need not repeat the Amidah ...

(b)... since one does anyway not declare Rosh Chodesh at nighttime.

(c)Ameimar attempts to qualify Rav's ruling - by confining it to where there are two days Rosh Chodesh ...

(d)... and one will be able to insert 'Ya'aleh ve'Yavo the following night.

(e)Rav Ashi refutes the suggestion however, because, according to the reason that Rav himself gave, there are no grounds to make such a distinction.

HADRAN ALACH 'TEFILAS HA'SHACHAR'

PEREK EIN OMDIN

19)

(a)What does the Tana mean when he says that one is obligated to Daven the Amidah with 'Koved Rosh'?

(b)What did the early Chasidim used to do before Davening the Amidah?

(c)Why did they do that?

(d)What does the Mishnah say a person should do if, whilst he is Davening the Amidah ...

1. ... a king greets him?

2. ... a snake 'winds itself round his heel'?

19)

(a)When the Tana says that one is obligated to Daven the Amidah with 'Koved Rosh', he means - that one should Daven with humility.

(b)Before Davening the Amidah, the early Chasidim used to - wait one hour ...

(c)... in order to muster up Kavanah.

(d)The Mishnah rules that, if, whilst he is Davening the Amidah ...

1. ... a king greets him, or ...

2. ... a snake 'winds itself round his heel' - he should ignore it.

20)

(a)What does Rebbi Elazar learn from the Pasuk in Shmuel (in connection with Chanah) "ve'Hi Maras Nefesh"?

(b)On what grounds do we refute this proof?

(c)From which Pasuk in Tehilim (that we recite every day at the beginning of Davening) does Rebbi Yossi b'Rebbi Chanina then learn it?

(d)We refute that proof too, because David was different. In what way was he different?

20)

(a)Rebbi Elazar learns from the Pasuk in Shmuel (in connection with Chanah) "ve'Hi Maras Nefesh" - that one must Daven the Amidah with 'Koved Rosh'.

(b)We refute this proof however, on the grounds - that Chanah was indeed, bitter of spirit (because she was unable to bear children).

(c)Rebbi Yossi b'Rebbi Chanina therefore learns it from the Pasuk in Tehilim - "va'Ani be'Rov Chasd'cha Avo Beisecha, Eshtachaveh ... be'Yir'asecha".

(d)We refute that proof too, because David was different - in that he Davened with a particularly powerful concentration.

21)

(a)So Rebbi Yehoshua ben Levi learns 'Koven Rosh' from the Pasuk (also in Tehilim) "Hishtachavu la'Hashem be'Hadras Kodesh". How does he interpret the words "be'Hadras Kodesh"?

(b)On what grounds do we refute this proof too?

(c)In practical terms, this means emulating Rav Yehudah. What did Rav Yehudah used to do before he Davened?

21)

(a)So Rebbi Yehoshua ben Levi learns 'Koven Rosh' from the Pasuk (also in Tehilim) "Hishtachavu la'Hashem be'Hadras Kodesh", which he interprets as if they read "be'Cherdas Kodesh" ('trembling' instead of 'glorious').

(b)We refute this proof too - since there is no reason not to interpret the words literally.

(c)In practical terms, this means emulating Rav Yehudah, who, before he Davened - used to straighten his clothes to look smart when standing before Hash-m.

22)

(a)How does Rav Nachman bar Yitzchak finally learn the Din of Davening the Amidah with Koved Rosh from the Pasuk in Tehilim "Ivdu es Hash-m be'Yir'ah ... "? What is the connection with this Pasuk and Tefilah?

(b)And what does Rav Ada bar Masna Amar Rav learn from the end of the Pasuk "ve'Gilu bi'Re'adah"?

22)

(a)Rav Nachman bar Yitzchak finally learns the Din of Davening the Amidah with Koved Rosh from the Pasuk in Tehilim "Ivdu es Hash-m be'Yir'ah ... " - which bearing in mind that Tefilah stands in the place of Avodah, means that one should Daven with Yir'as Shamayim'.

(b)And Rav Ada bar Masna Amar Rav learns from the end of the Pasuk "ve'Gilu bi'Re'adah" - that one should always temper one's joy with trembling (the fear of Hash-m).

23)

(a)What did Rabah once comment when he noticed that Abaye was in a particularly jovial mood?

(b)What did Abaye reply?

(c)in similar vein, Rebbi Zeira once made a similar comment to that of Rabah when he once saw Rebbi Yirmiyah more exuberant than usual. Only he quoted the Pasuk in Mishlei "be'Chol Etzev Yih'yeh Mosar". What does the Pasuk mean?

(d)What did Rebbi Yirmiyah reply?

23)

(a)When Rabah once noticed that Abaye was in a particularly jovial mood - he simply cited the Pasuk "ve'Gilu bi'Re'adah".

(b)Abaye replied - that, since he was wearing Tefilin, this was a guarantee that he would not become light-headed.

(c)in similar vein, Rebbi Zeira once made a similar comment to that of Rabah when he once saw Rebbi Yirmiyah more exuberant than usual. But he quoted the Pasuk in Mishlei "be'Chol Etzev Yih'yeh Mosar", which means - that one receives reward for showing sadness (in one's rejoicing).

(d)Rebbi Yirmiyah gave the same reply as Abaye gave to Rabah.

24)

(a)On what occasion did Mar b'rei de'Ravina once smash a valuable cup when the people were rejoicing excessively?

(b)What was the value of the cup?

(c)Rav Ashi once did the same thing at his son's wedding. What did he smash?

(d)What did both sages achieve by doing that?

24)

(a)When the people were rejoicing excessively on the occasion of his son's wedding, Mar b'rei de'Ravina smashed a valuable cup ...

(b)... worth - four hundred Zuz.

(c)Rav Ashi once did the same thing at his son's wedding. He smashed - a valuable cup made of white glass.

(d)In both of the above cases - the people became sad at the huge loss.

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