1)

TOSFOS DH Kodshei Sha'ah She'ani

úåñôåú ã"ä ÷ãùé ùòä ùàðé

(SUMMARY: Tosfos explains why Korbanos ha'Milu'im were different.)

ãúìàå äëúåá áàäì îåòã ãëúéá (åé÷øà ç) åîôúç àäì îåòã ìà úöàå ùáòú éîéí:

(a)

Explanation: The Torah said that they depend on Ohel Mo'ed - "umi'Pesach Ohel Mo'ed Lo Setz'u Shiv'as Yamim."

2)

TOSFOS DH Minayin l'Dam she'Nifsal bi'Shki'as ha'Chamah

úåñôåú ã"ä îðéï ìãí ùðôñì áù÷éòú äçîä

(SUMMARY: Tosfos concludes that it is disqualified at the beginning of Shki'ah, before night.)

ôéøù á÷åðèøñ ãìà îäðéà ìéä äìðä áøàù äîæáç ìàëùåøé ìîçø ìæøé÷ä

(a)

Explanation #1 (Rashi): Linah on top of the Mizbe'ach does not help for [blood] to be Machshir Zerikah tomorrow.

åúéîä äðéçà ìîàï ãàîø àéï ìéðä îåòìú áøàùå ùì îæáç

(b)

Question: This is fine for the opinion (below, 87a) that Linah on top of the Mizbe'ach does not help [to disqualify];

àìà ìîàï ãàîø îåòìú ìîä ìé ÷øà áìéìä àéï éëåì ìæøå÷ ãáéåí öååúå ëúéá (ùí æ) åìîçø îéôñéì áòîåã äùçø ëàéîåøéí

1.

However, according to the opinion that it does not help, why do we need a verse? One cannot do Zerikah at night, for it says "b'Yom Tzavoso", and tomorrow it is disqualified at dawn, just like Eimurim!

åëé úéîà ãàéöèøéê ÷øà îùåí àéîåøéï ã÷ééîà ìï (ì÷îï ãó ôã.) àí òìå ìà éøãå å÷î''ì áãí ãéøãå

2.

Suggestion: We need a verse due to Eimurim, for we hold that Im Alah Lo Yered. The verse teaches that blood is taken down.

åàìéáà ãîàï

3.

Rejection - Question: According to whom is this?

àé ìø''â äàîø ì÷îï ôø÷ äîæáç î÷ãù (ãó ôâ.) ãìà éøã àó áãí

i.

[It cannot be] according to R. Gamliel, for he says below (83a) that Lo Yered even regarding blood!

åàé ìøáé éäåùò äà àîø ãàéï äîæáç î÷ãù ôñåìéï ùìà éøãå àìà áä÷èøä åàí ëï ÷øà ãäëà ìîä ìé

ii.

[It cannot be] according to R. Yehoshua, for he says that the Mizbe'ach is Mekadesh Pesulim to say that Lo Yered only regarding Haktarah. If so, why do we need a verse here [for blood]?!

åéù ìåîø ãàéöèøéê ÷øà ìôñåì ãí áìéðä îùåí ãäåä àîéðà ãìà îéôñéì ëé äéëé ãàéï çééáéï òìéå îùåí ôéâåì åðåúø

(c)

Answer #1: We need a verse to disqualify blood through Linah, for one might have thought that it is not disqualified, just like one is not liable for it due to Pigul and Nosar (above, 45b).

åîéäå àéï èòí æä ðëåï ãäøé (äâäú ùéèä î÷åáöú ëúá éã) òöéí åìáåðä ìø' ùîòåï (ìòéì ãó îå:) ãàéï çééáéï òìéäí îùåí ðåúø åîéôñìé áìéðä äéëà ã÷ãùå áëìé

(d)

Rebuttal #1: This is wrong, for according to R. Shimon, one is not liable for wood and Levonah due to Nosar, but they are disqualified through Linah when they had Kidush Kli!

åòåã ãäåä ìéä ìîéîø îðéï ìãí ùðôñì áìéðä

(e)

Rebuttal #2: [If so, the Gemara] should have asked "what is the source that blood is disqualified through Linah?"

åéù ìôøù ù÷éòú äçîä äééðå úçéìú ù÷éòä ÷åãí öàú äëåëáéí ëãàîø ãîù÷éòú äçîä åòã öàú äëåëáéí ã' îéìéï áôø÷ îé ùäéä èîà (ôñçéí öã.)

(f)

Explanation #2: Shki'as ha'Chamah is the beginning of Shki'ah, before Tzeis ha'Kochavim, like it says "from Shki'as ha'Chamah until Tzeis ha'Kochavim [is the time to walk] four Mil", in Pesachim (94a);

åçùåá éåí ìòðéï áéåí öååúå (äâäú ùéèä î÷åáöú) åîôñå÷ îéåúø îîòè ìéä äëà îáéåí ä÷øéáå

1.

It is considered day regarding b'Yom Tzavoso. We exclude it (from being Kosher for Zerikah) from the verse "b'Yom Hakrivo." (Since it is not needed to exclude night, which we know from b'Yom Tzavoso, we use it for after Shki'ah.)

åáëì ãåëúà çùåá éåí òã öàú äëåëáéí

(g)

Remark: Everywhere, it is considered day until Tzeis ha'Kochavim;

ëãàîø àó òì ôé ùàéï øàéä ìãáø æëø ìãáø åàðçðå òåùéí áîìàëä åçöééí îçæé÷éí áøîçéí îòìåú äùçø åòã öàú äëåëáéí åàåîø åäéä ìðå äìéìä îùîø åäéåí îìàëä áô''á ãîâéìä (ãó ë:)

1.

Source: It says 'even though there is no proof, there is a hint - "va'Anachnu Osim bi'Melachah v'Chetzyam Machazikim b'Ramachim me'Alos ha'Shachar v'Ad Tzeis ha'Kochavim", and it says "v'Hayah Lanu ha'Laylah Mishmar veha'Yom Melachah"' (Megilah 20b).

åäùúà ìà äåé ëîå ù÷éòú äçîä ãîñëú úòðéú (ãó éá.) ãàîøéðï (äâäú ùéèä î÷åáöú) ëì úòðéú ùìà ù÷òä òìéå çîä àéðå úòðéú å÷áìä áéãéðå áöàú äëåëáéí

(h)

Observation: This is unlike Shki'as ha'Chamah in Ta'anis (12a). We say that any fast on which the sun did not set (before he ate) is not a fast. We have a tradition that this is Tzeis ha'Kochavim.

åáîé ùäéä èîà (ôñçéí ãó öâ:) ðîé äëé îùîò ãðôñì äãí áù÷éòú äçîä ù÷åãí öàú äëåëáéí àøáò îéìéï

(i)

Support (for Explanation #2): Also in Pesachim (93b) it connotes that blood is disqualified at Shki'as ha'Chamah, which is four Mil before Tzeis ha'Kochavim;

ãçùéá ãøê øçå÷ä îï äîåãéòéí îùåí ãìà îèé ìéøåùìéí òã úçéìú ù÷éòú äçîä ã÷òáø (äâäú ùéèä î÷åáöú) æîï ùçéèú äôñç

1.

It considers Derech Rechokah (one who is too far away to be able to offer Korban Pesach) further than Modi'in, because he cannot get to Yerushalayim before Shki'as ha'Chamah. The time for Shechitas Pesach will pass.

åéù (äâäú áøëú äæáç åöàï ÷ãùéí) ìãçåú ääéà ãîé ùäéä èîà øáðï òáåã äøç÷ä ëãé ùìà éáà ìéãé äìðú ãí åëãé ìæøæí áôñç åäòîéãå ãáøéäí áî÷åí ëøú

(j)

Rejection (of support): The Gemara in Pesachim is [because] Rabanan distanced (did not allow Zerikah until Tzeis ha'Kochavim), lest one come to Linah of blood. In order to make people zealous (to offer Pesach earlier in the day), they enforced their words in a situation of Kares (for one who will not be able to offer Pesach before Shki'ah).

åäàé ãìà çùéá ìéä áôñçéí áäãé àéðê áô' äàùä (ãó öá.)

(k)

Implied question: Why is it not listed in Pesachim (92a) with the other [places in which Chachamim enforced their words in a situation of Kares]?

ä''ð ìà çùéá çúéëú éáìúå åäáàúå îçåõ ìúçåí ãìà çùéá àìà ãáøéí ùì çéãåù

(l)

Answer: We find that it also did not list cutting off a wart [on Shabbos] or bringing [the Korban] from outside the Techum (Pesachim 65b). It listed only matters of a Chidush.

åäà ãàîø áùîòúà ãðàëìéï ìéåí àçã îçùáéí áãîå îùúù÷ò äçîä

(m)

Observation: It says in the Sugya (56b) of [Korbanos] eaten for one day that intent for [Zerikah of] blood after the sun sets (makes Pigul);

äééðå úçéìú ù÷éòä åîãàåøééúà åìà öàú äëåëáéí ãåîéà ãàéîåøéï åáùø ãçùéá ì÷îï áäãé ãí

1.

Explanation: That refers to the beginning of Shki'ah, and mid'Oraisa [intent disqualifies]. It does not refer to Tzeis ha'Kochavim, similar to Eimurim and meat, which are listed below together with blood. (It teaches that intent for them disqualifies after dawn, which is mid'Oraisa. Mid'Rabanan one may not offer or eat them after midnight.)

åîùúù÷ò äçîä ãì÷îï ìà äåé ëîå îùúù÷ò äçîä áòìîà ãøâéì øáéðå úí ìôøù ãù÷éòä ãåå÷à îùîò úçéìú ù÷éòä àáì îùúù÷ò îùîò ñåó ù÷éòä

(n)

Implied question: "Mishe'Tishka ha'Chamah (from when the sun sets)" below is unlike "from when the sun sets" in general! R. Tam explains that only "Shki'ah" connotes the beginning of Shki'ah, but "from when the sun sets" connotes the end of Shki'ah;

îùåí ã÷ùä ìéä ãáñåó ôø÷ áîä îãìé÷éï (ùáú ãó ìã:) îùîò îùúù÷ò çîä òã ìéìä úìúà øéáòé îéì åáôø÷ îé ùäéä èîà (ôñçéí ãó öã.) îùîò ãîù÷éòú (äâäú áàøåú äîéí) äçîä òã öàú äëåëáéí àøáò îéìéï åçùéá ìéä áîãéãú äéåí

1.

Source - question: In Shabbos (34b) it connotes that from when the sun sets until night is [the time to walk] three quarters of a Mil, and in Pesachim (94a) it connotes that from Shki'as ha'Chamah until Tzeis ha'Kochavim is four Mil, and it counts it towards measuring the day;

åîôøù (äâää áâìéåï îùéèä î÷åáöú, áøëú äæáç åöàï ÷ãùéí) øáéðå úí ãîù÷éòä îùîò úçéìú ù÷éòä ùäçîä îúçìú ìéëðñ áòåáé äø÷éò

2.

Answer (R. Tam): "From when the sun sets" connotes the beginning of Shki'ah, when the sun begins to enter the thickness of the Raki'a.

åàôùôø (äâää áâìéåï) ãàééãé ãáñîåê ÷úðé âáé áùø ÷ãùéí ÷ìéí åááùøí îùúù÷ò äçîä ùì éåí ùðé ãäééðå òì ëøçê öàú äëåëáéí úðé ðîé äàé ìéùðà âáé ãí àó òì âá ùçìå÷éï æä îæä

(o)

Answer: Perhaps since below (56b) it teaches about meat of Kodshim Kalim "and [intent disqualifies] their meat, from when the sun sets of the second day", which you are forced to say is Tzeis ha'Kochavim, it teaches this expression also regarding blood, even though they are different.

[åòééï úåñ' ùáú ìä. ã''ä úøé úéìúé îéì åúåñ' ôñçéí öã. ã''ä ø' éäåãä åúåñ' îðçåú ë: ã''ä ðôñì]:

(p)

Reference: See also Tosfos in Shabbos (35a), Pesachim (94a) and Menachos (20b).

56b----------------------------------------56b

3)

TOSFOS DH Ohr li'Shelishi Garas

úåñôåú ã"ä àåø ìùìéùé âøñ

(SUMMARY: Tosfos shows why this is the correct text.)

ëîå àåø ìé''ã ãìàåø ùìéùé îùîò ìéìä ùàçø ùìéùé ëîå ìàåø òéáåøå ãáùîòúà ÷îééúà ãôñçéí (ãó á:)

(a)

Explanation: This is like "Ohr l'Yud Dalet" (Pesachim 2a), for "l'Ohr Shelishi" connotes the night after the third day, like "l'Ohr Iburo" in Pesachim (2b).

4)

TOSFOS DH Talmud Lomar Ad Yom

úåñôåú ã"ä ú''ì òã éåí

(SUMMARY: Tosfos explains the Drashah unlike Rashi.)

ôé' á÷åðèøñ áéåí æáçëí éàëì åîîçøú åäðåúø òã éåí äùìéùé áòåã ùäåà éåí úàëìðå

(a)

Explanation #1 (Rashi): On the day you offer it is eaten, and the next day, veha'Nosar (and what remains) until the third day, while it is still day, you will eat it.

å÷ùä ãäðåúø äôñé÷ äòðéï

(b)

Objection: Veha'Nosar interrupted!

åä''ø çééí îôøù òã éåí äùìéùé åìà éåí äùìéùé áëìì à''ë àéðå ðàëì áìéì ùìéùé

(c)

Explanation #2 (R. Chaim): [Veha'Nosar] until the third day, but the third day is not included. If so, it is not eaten on the third night.

5)

TOSFOS DH v'Ne'echalin b'Chol ha'Ir

úåñôåú ã"ä åðàëìéï áëì äòéø

(SUMMARY: Tosfos discusses the source of this.)

ôéøù á÷åðèøñ ëãëúéá áôøùú øàä àðëé åäáàúí ùîä òåìåúéëí åæáçéëí åàú îòùøåúéëí

(a)

Explanation #1 (Rashi): This is like it is written in Parshas Re'eh "v'Haveisem Shamah Oloseichem v'Zivcheichem v'Es Ma'aseroseichem";

åúðéà áñôøé øáé ò÷éáà àåîø áùúé îòùøåú äëúåá îãáø àçã îòùø áäîä åàçã îòùø ãâï åëúéá áääåà ÷øà åáëåøåú á÷øëí åöàðëí

1.

And a Beraisa in Sifri teaches that R. Akiva says that the verse discusses two Ma'aseros - Ma'aser Behemah and Ma'aser of grain, and it says in that verse "u'Vchoros Bekarchem v'Tzonchem";

åîãìà ÷áò áäå îçéöä ùîò îéðä ãðàëìéï áëì äòéø

2.

Since no Mechitzah (boundary) was fixed for them (within which one must eat them), this shows that they may be eaten in the entire city.

åúéîä âãåì ìôé' ãäà ëúéáé ðîé äúí çèàåú åàùîåú ãáòå ÷ìòéí

(b)

Question #1: This is greatly astounding! It is written there also Chata'os and Ashamos (i.e. a hint to them, like Tosfos will bring soon), which must be [eaten] within the Kela'im (Azarah)!

åäëé úðéà áñôøé îòùøåúéëí ø''ò àåîø áùúé îòùøåú äëúåá îãáø àçã îòùø ãâï åàçã îòùø áäîä åúøåîú éãëí àìå äáéëåøéí ëòðéï ùðàîø åì÷ç äëäï äèðà îéãê

1.

The Beraisa in Sifri teaches as follows. Ma'aseroseichem - R. Akiva says, the verse discusses two Ma'aseros - Ma'aser of grain and Ma'aser Behemah, and Terumas Yedchem are Bikurim, like it says "v'Lakach ha'Kohen ha'Tene mi'Yadecha."

åáëåøåú æä äáëåø á÷øëí åöàðëí àìå çèàåú åàùîåú åàëìúí ùí ìôðé ä' àìäéëí áîçéöä (äâäú ùéèä î÷åáöú)

2.

"U'Vchoros" is Bechor. "Bekarchem v'Tzonchem" are Chata'os and Ashamos. "Va'Achaltem Sham Lifnei Hash-m Elokeichem" - within the Mechitzah;

åòåã (äâää áâìéåï îöàï ÷ãùéí) éù ìúîåä àîàé ìà áòé áëåø åîòùø îçéöä ëéåï ãëúéá áäå ìôðé ä' ëîå ùçéèä ããøùéðï (ìòéì ãó ìá.) ìôðé ä' áòæøä

(c)

Question #2: Why don't Bechor and Ma'aser require a Mechitzah? It says about them "Lifnei Hash-m", like Shechitah, about which we expound (above, 32a) "Lifnei Hash-m" - in the Azarah!

åòåã àîøéðï áúîåøä áñåó àìå ÷ãùéí (ãó ëà:) àí ììîåã òì äáëåø ùðàëì ìôðéí (îï ä÷ìòéí) îï äçåîä àéðå öøéê ùäøé ëáø ðàîø ìôðé ä' àìäéê úàëìðå åà''ë ìéáòé ìôðéí îï ä÷ìòéí ëùçéèä

(d)

Question #3: We say in Temurah (21b) "we do not need [another verse] to teach that Bechor is eaten within the wall [of Yerushalayim], for it already says "Lifnei Hash-m Elokecha Tochlenu." If so, it should require within the Kela'im, like Shechitah!

åðøàä ãðô÷à ìï îãëúéá ìà úåëì ìàëåì áùòøéê îòùø ãâðê åâå' åáëåøåú á÷øê åöàðê (ëï ðøàä ìäâéä) ãîùîò áùòøéê äåà ãìà úåëì ìàëåì äà áéøåùìéí àëåì

(e)

Explanation #2: We learn from "Lo Suchal Le'echol bi'She'arecha Masar Degancha... u'Vechoros Bekarcha v'Tzonecha", which connotes that in your gates you may not eat them, but you may eat them in Yerushalayim;

åîòùø áäîä âîø äòáøä äòáøä îáëåø

1.

We learn Ma'aser Behemah from a Gezeirah Shavah "Ha'avarah-Ha'avarah" from Bechor.

åîéäå ÷ùä ãáääåà ÷øà ðîé äà ëúéáé çèàåú åàùîåú ëããøùéðï áô' áúøà ãîëåú (ãó éæ.) á÷øê åöàðê àìå çèàåú åàùîåú

(f)

Question: In that verse are written also Chata'os and Ashamos, like we expound in Makos (17a) "Bekarcha v'Tzonecha" - these are Chata'os and Ashamos!

åðøàä ìôøù ãðô÷à ìï îãî÷ùéðï áâî' ìçæä åùå÷ ùì ùìîéí äðàëìéï ìùðé éîéí åäåà äãéï ìòðéï ùðàëìéï áëì äòéø

(g)

Explanation #3: We learn from the Hekesh that the Gemara makes to Chazah v'Shok of Shelamim, which are eaten for two days, and likewise they are eaten in the entire city;

åúåãä åàéì ðæéø åùìîéí ðô÷à ìï î÷øà ãçæä åùå÷ ùì îéìåàéï

1.

Todah, Eil Nazir and Shelamim we learn from the verse of Chazah v'Shok of Milu'in.

6)

TOSFOS DH li'Shnei Yamim

úåñôåú ã"ä ìùðé éîéí

(SUMMARY: Tosfos discusses the source for this.)

ôé' á÷åðè' ááëåø éìéó ìä áâî' îòùø ìà éãòðà îäéëà

(a)

Explanation #1 (Rashi): In the Gemara we learn Bechor. I do not know from where we learn Ma'aser.

åùåá äâéä ãéìéó äòáøä äòáøä îáëåø

(b)

Explanation #2: [Rashi] later changed his Perush to say that [we learn Ma'aser] from Bechor through "Ha'avarah-Ha'avarah".

åúéîä à''ë úôùåè îäëà ããáø äìîã áäé÷ù çåæø åîìîã áâæ''ù åìòéì àîøéðï ãàéðå çåæø åîìîã áâæ''ù îãøáé éåçðï

(c)

Question: If so, we should resolve from here that something learned from a Hekesh returns to teach through a Gezeirah Shavah! Above (49b) we said that it does not return to teach through a Gezeirah Shavah, from R. Yochanan!

åðøàä ãîòùø éìéó îùìîéí ááðéï àá îä ùìîéí ÷ãùéí ÷ìéí àó îòùø ÷ãùéí ÷ìéí

(d)

Explanation #3: We learn Ma'aser from Shelamim through a Binyan Av. Just like Shelamim is Kodshim Kalim, also Ma'aser is Kodshim Kalim;

ãáëåø ðîé äåä àúé îùìîéí àé ìàå îùåí ãîúðä ìëäï åà''ë îòùø ãìà äåé îúðä ìëäï îùìîéí àúé

1.

Also Bechor we would have learned from Shelamim, if not that [Bechor] is a gift to a Kohen. If so, Ma'aser, which is not a gift to a Kohen, we learn from Shelamim.

7)

TOSFOS DH ha'Pesach Eino Ne'echal v'Chulei

úåñôåú ã"ä äôñç àéðå ðàëì ëå'

(SUMMARY: Tosfos discusses why it omitted that it is eaten with Matzah and Maror.)

úéîä ìéúðé ðîé ãàéðå ðàëì àìà òì îöåú åîøåøéí

(a)

Question: [The Mishnah] should teach also that it is eaten only with Matzah and Maror!

åúéøõ ä''ø çééí ãìà çùéá àìà ãáø ùëðâãå áùàø ÷ãùéí (äâäú ùéèä î÷åáöú, öàï ÷ãùéí) åäåà çìå÷ îäí

(b)

Answer #1 (R. Chaim): [The Mishnah] lists only matters that apply to other Kodshim, and it is unlike them;

ãùàø ÷ãùéí ðàëìéï áéåí åáìéìä òã äéåí åìëì àãí áëì îàëì åôñç àéðå ðàëì àìà áìéìä òã çöåú åìîðåéå åöìé

1.

Other Kodshim are eaten [mid'Oraisa] for one day and a night until [the next] day, and by anyone, and Pesach is eaten only at night until midnight, to those who own a share, and roasted.

àé ðîé ìà úðà îöåú åîøåøéí ãàéï îòëáéï

(c)

Answer #2: It did not teach Matzah and Maror because they are not Me'akev.

à''ð ìàå îöåä ãâåôéä:

(d)

Answer #3: [Matzah and Maror] is not a Mitzvah of Korban Pesach itself.

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