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YOMA 77

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1) AGADA: GAVRIEL

(a) The Mal'ach Gavriel reported to Daniel "va'Ani Basi bi'Devarecha".
(b) As derived from the Pesukim in Yechezkel, Gavriel had been expelled from among the Mal'achim for improperly carrying out his agency.

1. He should have either not executed the decree against K'lal Yisrael (anticipating a reprieve); or,
2. He should have carried it out exactly, and not cooled the flames somewhat by having the K'ruv deliver the coals instead of taking them directly.
3. Although by doing so, Gavriel saved the remnant of Klal Yisrael, he was punished with 60 lashes of fire and expelled.

(c) During the 21 days of his absence, the Mal'ach Dubiel, Sar of the Persians, took his place.
(d) When Dubiel tried to exact a terrible price from his new status, that of taxing even the Talmidei Chachamim, Gavriel called out from Achorei ha'Pargod that they do not deserve this, given that all of their scholars combined do not equal Daniel.
(e) This defense of the people caused Gavriel to be invited back, as above, "va'Ani Basi bi'Devarecha".
(f) When he returned, he succeeded in diminishing somewhat the effect of the concessions made to Dubiel, but he was not successful in blunting the effect of Yavan.

(a) Alternate explanation for how Rechitzah is considered an Inuy derives from Shlomoh ha'Melech's dialogue with Evyasar ha'Kohen.

1. Evyasar was spared being killed right away for having participated in the Inuy of David ha'Melech.
2. Included in that Inuy was "Ra'av" (lack of bread), "Tzamei" (lack of water) and "Ayef" (lit. tiredness, understood to refer to Rechitzah) thus labeling Rechitzah as an Inuy.

(b) Question: Perhaps "Ayef" refers to (the lack of) wearing shoes?
(c) Answer: The Pasuk in Mishlei demonstrates that "Ayef" relates to the lack of cool water (presumably for washing).
(d) Question: Perhaps "Ayef" refers to their thirst (which would fit with the Pasuk in Mishlei, as well)?
(e) Answer: The Pasuk reads "like water on a tired soul", not '*in'* as would imply drinking.

(a) Question: Whence that Ne'ilas ha'Sandel is called an Inuy?
(b) Answer: From the fact that David ha'Melech, when running from Avshalom (in the state referred to before as Inuy) was "Yachef" (presumably, without shoes).
(c) Question: Perhaps "Yachef" means without a horse, in the manner of a king?
(d) Answer: The word "Yachef" is found, in Yeshayah, to mean unshod, thus informing its meaning by David ha'Melech.
(e) Question: Perhaps Yeshayah went with tattered shoes, and that is still called "Yachef" (just as "Arom" there surely does not mean fully unclothed, but with tattered clothes)?
(f) Answer: The Pasuk in Yirmiyah identifies "Yachef" with the exiles, who would truly be going barefoot.

(a) Question: Whence that Tashmish ha'Mitah is called an Inuy?
(b) Answer: Lavan identified withholding Tashmish as an Inuy.

1. "Im Te'aneh" refers to withholding Tashmish.
2. "ve'Im Tikach" refers to taking other wives.
3. Question: Perhaps both expressions refer to taking other wives (if you will oppress my daughters by taking other wives).
4. Answer: This translation is not plausible since Lavan said "ve'Im" and not "*Im"*.
5. Question: Perhaps it refers to two types of Tzaros, Bilhah and Zilpah, as well as other potential wives (which is contextually logical in the Pasuk)?
6. Answer: He would not have put the less painful matter (taking other unknown wives) first and the more painful matter (taking Bilhah and Zilpah) second.

(c) Question: We find (in the incident of Dinah) that Tashmish itself is called Inuy, thus casting doubt on its absence as being called Inuy!?
(d) Answer: The Inuy there was withholding further Tashmish from Dinah, consistent with the definition of Inuy.

(a) The Beraisa teaches that partial Rechitzah is forbidden on Yom Kipur; however, if one is soiled, he may wash normally.
(b) Similarly, while Sichah on even a part of the body is forbidden, one who is ill anoints normally.
(c) A woman is permitted to wash one hand (from the Ru'ach Ra'ah upon awaking which would transfer onto bread) in order to give bread to a child.
(d) Shamai ha'Zaken was concerned about using one hand (on account of the Shivsa), and they permitted him to feed the child after washing both hands.
(e) One who is going to greet his father or Rebbi, or another person greater than he, may enter water until his neck, without concern.
(f) Question: What of the Rebbi on route to his Talmid?
(g) Answer: R. Yitzhok b. Chanah reported that Zeiri went to R Chiya.

1. R. Ashi reported that it was R. Chiya b. Ashi who went to Zeiri his Rebbi.

(h) Rava permitted people to cross through water to protect their fruit.
(i) (Abaye): A Beraisa supports this ruling, as reported.
(j) R. Yosef permitted people to cross to attend a Shiur, but not to return to their homes.
(k) (Abaye): If you will rule this way, you will cause them not to come next year to the Shiur.

1. An alternate reading has R. Yosef permitting both their coming and their return.
2. Abaye then asked why their return is permitted.
3. R. Yosef explained that the permission is so they should not be prevented from coming in the future.

(l) R. Yehudah, R. Shmuel b. R. Yehudah were standing on one side of the river, and Rami b. Papa was on the other.

1. Rami b. Papa called out to ask if he was permitted to cross in order to ask them about a matter of Torah.
2. R. Yehudah responded that Rav and Shmuel permitted one to cross, but being careful not to raise one's hands.
3. An alternate reading has R. Shmuel b. R. Yehudah reporting the same response directly from a Beraisa.

(a) Question (R. Yosef): Is it ever permitted to enter deep waters and expose oneself to danger?!

1. The Mal'ach showed Yechezkel the river which will lead out of Yerushalayim.
2. It will be shallow for the first 1000 Amos, and will get deeper after each 1000 Amos.
3. We see there that it is permitted to enter shallow water only up to one's waist!?

(b) Answer: That river is different because of the strong current, thus above waist deep will be dangerous, as opposed to the still river we are speaking of.
(c) Question: Will one be able to swim across that river?
(d) Answer: The continuation of the Pasuk indicates that it will be too strong for that, as well.
(e) Question: Might one be able to cross in a small boat?
(f) Answer: The Pasuk indicates that this, too, will not be possible.
(g) Question: Might onbe be able to cross with a large vessel?
(h) Answer: The river in Yechezkel's prophecy will be too powerful even for that.
(i) The Targum confirms the impossibility of crossing this river.
(j) Even the Mal'ach ha'Maves will not be able to cross, as indicated by the word "mi'Shut".