1)

STRINGENCIES OF MA'ASER AND BIKURIM OVER TERUMAH (Yerushalmi Bikurim Perek 2 Halachah 2 Daf 7b)

îúðé' éù áîòùø åááéëåøéí îä ùàéï [ëï] áúøåîä

(a)

(Mishnah): There are [stringencies] of Ma'aser and Bikurim that do not apply to Terumah;

ùäîòùø åäáëåøéí èòåðéï äáàú î÷åí åèòåðéï åéãåé åàñåøéï ìàåðï åøáé ùîòåï îúéø. [ãó éã òîåã á (òåæ åäãø)] åçééáéí ááéòåø åøáé ùîòåï ôåèø

1.

Ma'aser and Bikurim must be brought to the place [of the Mikdash], and they require Viduy, and they are forbidden to an Onen; R. Shimon permits [to an Onen]. They are obligated in Bi'ur; R. Shimon exempts.

åàåñøéí áëì ùäï îìåëì áéøåùìéí [ö''ì åâéãåìéäï àñåøéï îìàëåì áéøåùìéí - äøáä îôøùéí] àó ìæøéí åàó ìáäîä åøáé ùîòåï îúéø

2.

Any amount of them forbids eating [a mixture outside Yerushalayim, if now it is] in Yerushalayim (for it is Davar she'Yesh Lo Matirin). [If they were planted,] Giduleihem (what grows from them) are forbidden to eat [outside Yerushalayim, if now they are] in Yerushalayim, even to Zarim (regarding Bikurim) and even to animals (regarding Ma'aser). R. Shimon permits.

äøé àìå áîòùø åááëåøéí îä ùàéï [ëï] áúøåîä:

(b)

These apply to Ma'aser and Bikurim, but not to Terumah.

[ãó ç òîåã à] âî' èòåðéï äáàú î÷åí ãëúéá [ãáøéí éá å] åäáàúí ùîä òåìåúéëí åæáçéëí åàú îòùøåúéëí åàú úøåîú éãëí.

(c)

(Gemara): They must be brought to the place, for it says "v'Haveisem Shamah Oloseichem v'Zivcheichem v'Es Ma'aseroseichem v'Es Terumas Yedchem'';

úøåîú éãëí àìå äáëåøéí. ãëúéá [ùí ëå ã] åì÷ç äëäï äèðà îéãê.

1.

Terumas Yedchem is Bikurim, for it says "v'Lakach ha'Kohen ha'Tene mi'Yadecha'';

[ö''ì åçééáéï ááéòåø ãëúéá áòøúé ä÷åãù îï äáéú - ø''ù ñéøéìéå, äâø''à, øéãá''æ]

(d)

They are obligated in Bi'ur, for it says "Bi'arti ha'Kodesh Min ha'Bayis.''

òã ëãåï îòùø áëåøéí îðééï.

(e)

Question: This teaches about Ma'aser. What is the source for Bikurim?

(ëéé ãàîø) [ö''ì àîø - äâø''à, øéãá''æ] øáé éò÷á áø àçà áùí øáé ìòæø ä÷åãù ä÷åãù äòìéåï áîùîò.

(f)

Answer (R. Yakov bar Acha citing R. Lazar): "Ha'Kodesh'' refers to the Kodesh in the previous Parshah (Parshas Bikurim precedes Parshas Viduy Ma'aser).

[ãó èå òîåã à (òåæ åäãø)] åèòåðéï åéãåé ãëúéá [ùí] (åòðéú - ø''ù ñéøéìéå îåç÷å) åàîøú ìôðé ä' àìäéê.

(g)

They require Viduy, for it says "v'Amarta Lifnei Hash-m Elokecha.''

òã ëãåï îòùø áëåøéí îðééï.

(h)

Question: This teaches about Ma'aser. What is the source for Bikurim?

ëéé ãàîø øáé éò÷á áø àçà áùí øáé ìòæø ä÷åãù ä÷åãù äòìéåï áîùîò.

(i)

Answer: This is like R. Yakov bar Acha citing R. Lazar said [above], "ha'Kodesh'' refers to the Kodesh in the previous Parshah.

åàñåøéï ìàåðï ãëúéá [ùí éã] ìà àëìúé áàåðé îîðå.

(j)

They are forbidden to an Onen, for it says "Lo Achalti b'Oni Mimenu.''

òã ëãåï îòùø áëåøéí îðééï.

(k)

Question: This teaches about Ma'aser. What is the source for Bikurim?

ëéé ãàîø øáé éò÷á áø àçà áùí øáé ìòæø ä÷åãù ä÷åãù äòìéåï áîùîò.

(l)

Answer: This is like R. Yakov bar Acha citing R. Lazar said [above], "ha'Kodesh'' refers to the Kodesh in the previous Parshah.

úðéðï ëì àéìéï îéìééà åøáé ùîòåï ôìéâ åâáé åéãåé ìéú øáé ùîòåï ôìéâ.

(m)

Question: Our Mishnah taught all these matters, and R. Shimon argues. About Viduy, he does not argue? (If he agrees that "ha'Kodesh'' refers to Bikurim, he should agree about all the matters!)

åéãåé æå ÷øééä åìéú ø' ùîòåï ôìéâ ãëúéá åòðéú åàîøú.

(n)

Answer: Viduy is Keri'ah. R. Shimon does not argue, for it says "v'Anisa v'Amarta.'' (The Makshan thought that he agrees that the Viduy written about Ma'aser includes Bikurim. The answer is, reciting Parshas Bikurim is called Viduy - SHENOS ELIYAHU.)

ëéðé îúðé' åàåñøéï ëì ùäï îìåëì áéøåùìéí øáé ùîòåï îúéø åâãåìéäï àñåøéï îìåëì áéøåùìéí åøáé ùîòåï îúéø åàó ìæøéí åàó ìáäîä øáé ùîòåï îúéø åàåó øáðéï îåãéé ìéä.

(o)

Our Mishnah means that any amount of them forbids eating [a mixture outside Yerushalayim, if now it is] in Yerushalayim, and R. Shimon permits. Giduleihem are forbidden [if now they are] in Yerushalayim, and R. Shimon permits, and even to Zarim (regarding Bikurim) and even to animals (regarding Ma'aser), R. Shimon permits, and even Rabanan agree with him. (Our Mishnah said 'R. Shimon permits' after 'even to Zarim and animals'; really he permits also mixtures and Gidulim, which were taught before this.)

îï [îä] ãå îåúéá ìåï àéï àúí îåãéï ùäï îåúøéí ìæøéí ùäï îåúøéí ìàëéìú áäîä. åéù îçéöä ìàëéìú æøéí åéù îçéöä ìàëéìú áäîä ëùí ùàéï îçéöä ìæøéí (ëê àéï îçéöä ìàëéìú áäîä) [ö''ì åìáäîä ëê àéï îçéöä ìàëéìú àãí åëäðéí - äâø''à]

(p)

Source: [We know this] from what he challenged them 'do you not agree that [outside Yerushalayim, Gidulei Bikurim] are permitted to Zarim and [Gidulei Ma'aser] are permitted for animals to eat? (They are not Davar she'Yesh Lo Matirin, for there are two Isurim - the eater is forbidden, and also the place.) Is there a Mechitzah for where Zarim may eat [Gidulei Bikurim] and where animals may eat [Gidulei Ma'aser]?! Just like there is no Mechitzah for Zarim and animals, there is no Mechitzah for people [to eat Gidulei Ma'aser] and Kohanim [to eat Gidulei Bikurim].

[ãó èå òîåã á (òåæ åäãø)] øáðéï àîøéï éøåùìéí òùå àåúä ëãáø ùéù ìå îúéøéí ëîä ãúéîø ãáø ùéù ìå îúéøéï àåñø áëì ùäï åãëååúéä éøåùìéí àåñø áëì ùäï.

1.

Rabanan say, [Gidulim that one may eat in] Yerushalayim, they made it like Davar she'Yesh Lo Matirin. Just like you say that Davar she'Yesh Lo Matirin, any amount forbids [a mixture], similarly Yerushalayim forbids any amount (i.e. to eat Gidulim outside. However, Rabanan agree when there are two Isurim, i.e. outside Yerushalayim regarding Bikurim to a Zar and Ma'aser to an animal.)

îä ôìéâéï øáé ùîòåï åøáðéï áâéãåìéï àáì áòéøåáéï àåó øáé ùîòåï îåãéé.

2.

What do R. Shimon and Rabanan argue about? They argue about Gidulim, but a mixture, even R. Shimon agrees [that any amount forbids. We explained this based on SEFER NIR.]

[ö''ì îï äãà ãúðé øáé ùîòåï áàéæä îòùø àîøå áîòùø ùðé èäåø ùðëðñ ìéøåùìéí åéöà - äâø''à ò''ô øã''ì]

3.

Source (Beraisa - R. Shimon): About which Ma'aser did they say [that any amount forbids a mixture]? It is Tahor Ma'aser Sheni that entered Yerushalayim and left... (once it had Matirin, any amount forbids a mixture, even after it leaves and has no Matirin).

[ö''ì åòåã îï äãà ãúðé ìä áùí øáé ùîòåï éù áîòùø ùäîòùø àåñø ãîéå åòéøåáéå å÷ð÷ðéå åñô÷ òéøåáå ëì ùäåà åàéï îãìé÷éï áå - äâø''à ò''ô øã''ì]

4.

Support (Beraisa, in the name of R. Shimon): There is a stringency in Ma'aser [over Bikurim and Terumah], that Ma'aser forbids the money paid for it, and its mixture, and its bottles (in which it was put), and its Safek mixture of any amount, and one may not light it.

[ö''ì åàîø àåó áâéãåìéï ëï - äâø''à ò''ô øã''ì] îä áéï òéøåáéï îä áéï âéãåìéï.

(q)

Question: Even for Gidulim we should say so! What is the difference between Gidulim and a mixture? (We explained this like GRA.)

òéøåáéï áòééðï äï âéãåìéï ëáø áèìå.

(r)

Answer: A mixture, [the Kodesh] is intact. Gidulim, [the Kodesh] was already Batel.

ëîä ãøáé ùîòåï îåãé ìøáðéï áòéøåáé îòùø àáì áòéøåáé áëåøéí ëâéãåìéï äï.

(s)

Limitation: When does R. Shimon agree to Rabanan? It is for a mixture of Ma'aser, but a mixture of Bikurim, they are like Gidulim.

åëï äéä øáé ùîòåï àåîø àéï äáëåøéï àåñøéï àú òéøåáéäï åâéãåìéäï îìåëì áéøåùìéí.

(t)

Support: So R. Shimon used to say, Bikurim do not forbid their mixture and their Gidulim from eating them in Yerushalayim.

îä áéï îòùø îä áéï áéëåøéï.

(u)

Question: What is the difference between Ma'aser and Bikurim?

îòùø àéï ìå òìééä áëåøéí éù ìäï òìééä.

(v)

Answer: Ma'aser has no Aliyah (we do not separate from the mixture the amount of Ma'aser that fell in). Bikurim have Aliyah (he must give to Kohanim the amount of Bikurim that fell in, lest he steal from them).

[ãó ç òîåã á] [ãó èæ òîåã à (òåæ åäãø)] äåé îä ãøáé ùîòåï îåãé ìøáðéï áãáø ùàéï ìå òìééä îåãé øáé ùîòåï áàåúä äñàä ùäòìä îúåê îàä ùäéà èòåðä îçéöä åèòåðä (äðééä) [ö''ì ëäåðä - ùòøé úåøú àøõ éùøàì]

(w)

Inference: Since R. Shimon agrees to Rabanan about a matter without Aliyah, (he holds that in a matter with Aliyah, when we remove, we remove the Kodesh that fell in. Therefore,) R. Shimon agrees that the Se'ah [of Bikurim removed] from the [mixture of] 100, it requires Mechitzah (eating within Yerushalayim) and it requires Kehunah (only they may eat it);

åøáðéï àîøéï ëåìäåï èòåðåú îçéöä åèòåðåú (äðééä) [ö''ì ëäåðä - ùòøé úåøú àøõ éùøàì]

1.

Rabanan say, all [of the mixture] requires Mechitzah and requires Kehunah. (We explained this like SHA'AREI TORAS ERETZ YISRAEL.)