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NEGA'IM PEREK 3

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1)
(a) Besides Nochrim (see Tos. Yom-Tov), the Mishnah lists - Ger Toshav (who is also a Nochri, but who has undertaken not to worship Avodah-Zarah [see Tos. Yom-Tov]) as not being subject to Nega'im.
(b) In light of this ruling, from the Pasuk ...
1. ... "Ish Tzaru'a ... ", we would have learned that a Katan is not subject to Nega'im either (see Tos. Yom-Tov), were it not for the Pasuk ...
2. ... "Adam ki Yih'yeh be'Or Besaro" - which teaches us that he is.
(c) When the Tana says that everybody is eligible to examine Nega'im, he means - that any Kohen may do so, even though he is familiar with neither the practical nor the Halachic aspect of Nega'im.
(d) And he examines Nega'im - with the help of a Talmid-Chacham, whom he takes with him and whom he asks for guidance (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
(e) The Talmid-Chacham examines the Nega, and instructs the Kohen what to say (see Tos. Yom-Tov).

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2)
(a) The Mishnah prohibits a Kohen from examining simultaneously, two Nega'im that appear ...
1. ... on one man or ...
2. ... on two men.
(b) The reason for this is - because he cannot concentrate on two Nega'im at the same time (see also Tos. Yom-Tov).
(c) In such a case - the Kohen examines the one and finishes with it, until he has either declared it Musgar, Muchlat or Tahor, and then deals with the other.

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3)
(a) Assuming that a second Nega appears whilst the Metzora is either a Musgar or a Muchlat, the second Nega - is to be ignored in the interim (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
(b) When the Tana says 've'Lo Machlitin es ha'Musgar, says the Tiferes Yisrael, he means - that if during the week that a Metzora is locked up, a Nega appears that is fit to be declared a Muchlat, the Kohen does not examine it.
(c) The Kohen is permitted to examine the second Nega and to include it in the Din of Musgar or Muchlat, even before the first one has healed - there where he has not yet locked up the first one.
(d) If, in the latter case, the first Nega is ...
1. ... Tamei (and needs a declaration of Musgar or Muchlat), whereas the second one is Tahor, or if the first one is ...
2. ... Tahor, and the second one, Tamei - then that is what the Kohen declares.

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4)
(a) If a Nega appears on the skin of a Chasan during the seven days of Sheva B'rachos - the Kohen declines even to look at it until the following day (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
(b) The Tana learns this - from the word "u've'Yom" in the Pasuk "u've'Yom Hera'os Bo ... " (implying that there are days on which the Kohen does not look at it). And the same applies to ...
(c) ... a Nega which appears on the Chasan's garment or house during that week.

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5)
(a) For a Nega on the skin, the ...
1. ... maximum time span is - two weeks (i.e. thirteen days).
2. ... minimum time span is - immediately.
(b) The three possible signs of Tum'ah are - two white hairs, Michyah (a raw patch of skin) and Pisyon (spreading [see Tos. Yom-Tov]).
(c) The three time periods that all of them have in common are - one week, two weeks and after the Metzora has been declared Tahor.
(d) The fourth time period that applies to the first two is - immediately.

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6)
(a) The maximum time span for a Nega on the place of a boil or a burn is - one week (seven days).
(b) Of the above three signs of Tum'ah - Michyah does not apply to this Nega.
(c) The possible time-periods that pertain to the sign of ...
1. ... two white hairs are - immediately, after one week and after the Metzora has been declared Tahor.
2. ... Pisyon is - only that of after one week.
(d) If neither of the two Simnei Tum'ah appear at the end of one week - then he is Tahor (see Tos Yom-Tov DH 'be'Shavu'a Echad').

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7)
(a) Nesakin - (Nega'im on the location of the hair or the beard, where some hair fell out [which will be explained in more detail in the tenth Perek]), become Tamei 'in two weeks and with two Simanim'.
(b) The two signs of Tum'ah are - two yellow hairs and spreading (see Tos. Yom-Tov).
(c) The yellow hairs are a sign of Tum'ah - immediately, after one week and after two weeks as regards both ...
1. ... the two yellow hairs and ...
2. ... spreading.
(d) Two weeks incorporates - thirteen days (like the two weeks on the skin).

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8)
(a) The final category of Nega'im on the skin of a person is Karachas and Gabachas (which like Nesakim, will be explained in more detail in the tenth Perek). 'Karachas' is Tzara'as on a bald patch at the back of the head - whereas 'Gabachas' is Tzara'as on a bald patch at the front of the head.
(b) They too, have a maximum time span of two weeks. Their two joint signs of Tum'ah are - Michyah and Pisyon.
(c) Michyah is a sign of Tum'ah - immediately, after one week and after two weeks (like Nesakim).

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9)
(a) The maximum time span of Tum'as Begadim is - two weeks (thirteen days).
(b) The three Simanim that render them Tamei are - Yerakrak (bright green), Adamdam (bright red) and Pisyon.
(c) The Mishnah refers to the Simanei Tum'ah of a garment as 'Yerakrak' and 'Adamdam', whereas by the Simnei Tum'ah of the skin, it referred to them as 'Mar'os Nega'im' - because the latter will never become Tamei without a sign of Tum'ah, whereas 'Yerakrak' and 'Adamdam' per se, become Tamei, after two weeks.
(d) Once a garment is declared Tamei - it must be burned.

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10)
(a) Like the Simanim of the skin, Yerakrak and Adamdam have four possible time periods, whereas Pisyon has three - after one week, after two weeks and after the garment has been declared Tahor.
(b) The ramifications of the last one is - that if the Kohen declares the garment Tahor (e.g. after it became paler) and then reappears on an enlarged area, the garment is Tamei.
(c) The difference between 'bi'Techilah' (the initial Mar'eh) on the skin and 'bi'Techilah' on a garment is - that, unlike the former, the latter can never be Tamei Muchlat immediately.
(d) If the green or red mark remains unchanged at the end of the first week - the Kohen locks him up for a second week.

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11)
(a) The Tana lists Pisyon only after one or two weeks - though it might apply even at the beginning, if it spreads to a different location of the garment.
(b) The Kohen will declare the garment Tahor after one or two weeks, says the Tiferes Yisrael - provided it has either become paler or disappeared completely.

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12)
(a) The maximum time span for Nig'ei Batim - is three weeks ...
(b) ... nineteen days.
(c) This will happen - even if the Nega remains unchanged for the entire period.
(d) Besides Pisyon, the two Simnei Tum'ah of a house (which will be discussed in more detail in the twelfth and thirteenth chapters) are - marks that are are very green or very red (like by Begadim).

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13)
(a) Like the Simanim of the skin and garments, Yerakrak and Adamdam of a house have five possible time periods, whereas Pisyon has four - after one week, after two weeks, after three weeks and after the house has been declared Tahor.
(b) The Tana lists both minimum time span of all Nega'im and the maximum. The ...
1. ... minimum - is one week (i.e. Sh'chin and Michvah [see Tos. Anshei Sheim]).
2. ... maximum - is three weeks (Nig'ei Batim).

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