|
daf@dafyomi.co.il http://www.dafyomi.co.il
[1] Gemara 108b [line 5]: "Shesa'an Chai Yatza: Amar Rava, Yedei Yayin Yatza, Yedei Cheirus Lo Yatza; Shesa'an Bevas Achas: Rav Amar, Yedei Yayin Yatza, Yedei Arba'ah Kosos Lo Yatza" The Girsa of the Rif and the Rambam is "Shesa'an Chai Yatza: Amar Rava, Yedei Arba'ah Kosos Yatza, Yedei Cheirus Lo Yatza; Shesa'an Bevas Achas: Rav Amar, Yedei Cheirus Yatza, Yedei Arba'ah Kosos Lo Yatza" [2] Gemara 108b [line 13]: The words "v'At Amrat Kos Yafeh" should be "v'At Amrat Kedei Mezigas Kos Yafeh" (This is the Girsa in the manuscripts and in the Rashbam and Tosfos - Dikdukei Sofrim #7)
1) [line 1] BEIN HA'KOSOS HALALU - between the first and second or second and third [of the four] cups [of wine one must drink on Seder night] *2*) [line 2] LO YISHTEH - one should not drink a) since once there is no longer a reason to build up an appetite, it appears as if one is adding to the total of four cups (RASHBAM); b) since wine drunk after one is finished eating causes one to become inebriated (YERUSHALMI) 3) [line 3] MIS'AD SA'ID - [that wine] is satiating 4) [line 11] MI'TZAFRA - from the morning 5) [line 14] ISTENIS - finicky 6) [line 15] LO HAVA MEHANI LEI MICHLA - food would not give him enjoyment; i.e., he would have no appetite 7) [line 17] MATZAH - [the k'Zayis of] Matzah [eaten for the Mitzvah on Seder night] 8) [line 24] HASHTA HU D'KA MASCHELA LAH CHEIRUS - now [when one is reciting the story of the Exodus,] the [process that led to] freedom is beginning 9) [line 27] D'KA HAVYA CHEIRUS - that freedom has [already been attained] 10) [line 30] PERAKDAN - lying in a supine position 11) [line 34] ISHAH CHASHUVAH - (a) a woman whose husband is not critical of her behavior (CHOK YAKOV 472:8, citing the ROKE'ACH #283; also implicit in the RASHBAM); (b) a widow who is the head of her household; (c) a true Eishes Chayil exceptional in her piety (d) a woman who has servants to prepare and serve the meal and therefore has the time to lean while drinking (b, c, and d - RABEINU MANO'ACH Hilchos Chametz u'Matzah 7:8) 12) [line 32] SHEMA YAKDIM KANEH LA'VESHET - [if one a) lies on his back (RASHI); b) lies on his right side (RASHBAM quoting his teachers) while eating,] perhaps the trachea will precede the esophagus; i.e., perhaps the food will enter his windpipe, causing him to choke 13) [line 37] BEI MAR - the house of Rabah (who was the Rebbi of Abaye) 14a) [line 37] ZAGINAN - we would lean b) [line 37] A'BIRKEI D'HADADI - on each other's knees 15) [line 41] SHEVALYA D'NAGAREI - a carpenter's apprentice [who joins his master for the Seder]
*16*) [line 1] SHE'AF HEN HAYU B'OSO HA'NES - for they were the cause of the miracle of the Exodus, as the Gemara (Sotah 11b) teaches that Klal Yisrael left Egypt due to the merit of their righteous woman (see Insights). *17*) [line 3] KEDEI MEZIGAS KOS YAFEH - enough undiluted wine to result in one quarter of a Log -- a Revi'is -- of wine following a proper dilution. The wine in the times of the Gemara was all but undrinkable before it was diluted at a ratio of one part wine to three parts water; therefore, the amount of wine under discussion is one quarter of a Revi'is. 18) [line 3] SHESA'AN CHAI - if he drank undiluted wine [for] the four cups 19) [line 4] B'VAS ACHAS - a) [enough wine for all four cups] at once [from one large utensil] (RASHI); b) [one cup after another] at one time (RASHBAM) 20) [line 4] HISHKEH ME'HEN - if he gave to drink from them 21a) [line 5] YEDEI YAYIN YATZA - he has fulfilled his obligation to drink the four cups b) [line 5] YEDEI CHEIRUS LO YATZA - but he has not done so optimally 22a) [line 7] YEDEI YAYIN YATZA - he has fulfilled his obligation to drink wine on Yom Tov (see 109a) b) [line 7] YEDEI ARABA'AH KOSOS LO YATZA - he has not fulfilled his obligation to drink the four cups [for he has downed only one] 23) [line 11] ECHAD CHAI V'ECHAD MAZUG - whether undiluted or diluted 24) [line 12] TA'AM U'MAR'EH YAYIN - the taste and appearance of wine (that is, unlike the Tana Kama, Rebbi Yehudah maintains that the wine may be neither too new nor too old, and that only red wine may be used) *25*) [line 13] V'AT AMRAT KOS YAFEH? - a): How could Shmuel rule that each cup requires "Kedei Mezigas Kos Yafeh" when the Beraisa clearly states that each cup must contain a Revi'is? (The Gemara at this point understands that these are two different Shi'urim; RASHBAM); (b): How could Shmuel rule that all four cups together must contain a total of one Revi'is when the Beraisa states that each cup must contain a Revi'is (RASHI as quoted by the Rashbam)?; (c) How could Shmuel rule that all four cups together must contain a total of one quarter of a Revi'is when the Beraisa states that all four cups together must contain a total of one whole Revi'is (RASHI as his commentary appears on the Daf)? *26*) [line 14] AMRI IDI V'IDI CHAD SHI'URA HU ... - a) That which Shmuel meant by "Kedei Mezigas Kos Yafeh" is that there must be enough undiluted wine that one will end up with a full Revi'is for each cup (RASHBAM); b) Shmuel, indeed, intended that each cup must contain a Revi'is (RASHI as quoted by the Rashbam); c) Shmuel, indeed, intended that all four cups together must contain a total of one Revi'is (RASHI as his commentary appears on the Daf). 27) [line 18] "AL TERE YAYIN KI YIS'ADAM, [KI YITEN BA'KOS EINO, YIS'HALECH B'MEISHARIM]" - "Do not look upon wine when it is red, [for when a person eyes a cup, he acts with propriety]" (Mishlei 23:31). In this verse King Shlomo warns one not to allow himself to be enticed by wine, for when one is intoxicated he feels that he can do no wrong. Rebbi Yehudah inferred from this verse that for Halachic purposes, wine must have a) a red appearance, and b) the ability to intoxicate. 28) [last line] TO'ELES - benefit
|
