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ANSWERS TO REVIEW QUESTIONS
prepared by Rabbi Eliezer Chrysler of Kollel Iyun Hadaf
daf@dafyomi.co.il, www.dafyomi.co.il
Rosh Kollel: Rabbi Mordecai Kornfeld
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(a) The Mishnah permits watering a 'Beis ha'Shalachin' - a field that needs to watered manually) on Chol ha'Mo'ed.
(b) The word itself means tired and thirsty for water. Unklus translates "(ve'Atah) Ayeif ve'Yage'a" (in ki Seitzei in connection with Amalek) as 'Meshalhi ve'La'i' (See Tos. Yom-Tov)
(c) He also stresses that the concession extends even to a new spring that has only just been dug. We might otherwise have thought that this is not permitted - due to 'Tircha Yeseirah' (excessive bother).
(a) The reason for the current concession is - Davar ha'Avud (something that will become spoiled if not attended to.
(b) In order to be permitted - it must also have watered at least once beforehand.
(c) The concession does not extend to a field containing fruit-trees (Sadeh Ilan) - since it will not get spoilt by not being manually watered.
(d) The difference between Chol ha'Mo'ed and the Sh'mitah year, when the same concession applies (even though working the land is generally prohibited) is - that in the latter case, the concession extends to a field that suffices with rainwater (a Sadeh ha'Ba'al [See also Tos. Yom-Tov]).
(a) The Tana forbids watering the above fields using rain-water or Mei Kilon - (deep pits filled with rain-water
(b) He forbid using ...
1. ... Mei Kilon - due to the Tircha Yeseirah involved in watering the land with it.
2. ... rain-water - in the form of a decree on account of rain-water.
(c) And for the same reason he forbids digging 'Ugiyos' - ditches that one digs around the roots of vines (and olive-trees [See Tos. Yom-Tov]) to fill with water and water them (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(a) Rebbi Elazar ben Azaryah forbids digging a new 'Amah' - (an irrigation ditch) both on Chol ha'Mo'ed and in the Sh'mitah year.
(b) It is called by that name - because it is an Amah wide and an Amah deep.
(c) He forbids it regarding ...
1. ... Chol ha'Mo'ed - because of Tircha Yeseirah.
2. ... the Sh'mitah year - because it looks as if one is digging the ground, which is forbidden in the Sh'mitah.
(d) The Chachamim ...
1. ... permit the latter (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
2. ... permit repairing the former if some earth fell into it (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(e) The Halachah is - like the Chachamim
(a) Besides actually repairing the pits containing drinking-water in the streets (See Tos. Yom-Tov), the Mishnah permits - cleaning them out on Chol ha'Mo'ed.
(b) The Tana also permits repairing ...
1. ... minor roads, main streets and Mikva'os of water on Chol ha'Mo'ed and performing other public services (See Tos. Yom-Tov), as well as ...
2. ... marking graves (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(c) They mark then by pouring lime over them ...
(d) To enable travelers from inadvertently becoming Tamei Meis.
(a) And when the Tana says that 'They go out for Kil'ayim (on Chol ha'Mo'ed [See Tos. Yom-Tov])', he is referring to the emissaries of Beis-Din who check the fields for Kil'ayim, which they uproot when they find it.
(b) Specifically on Chol ha'Mo'ed - because that is when Beis-Din will more readily find people to hire at a cheaper rate.
(c) They receive remuneration - from the T'rumas ha'Lishkah (as we learned in Shekalim).
(a) When Rebbi Eliezer ben Ya'akov permits drawing the water from under one tree to another, he is referring to - a Sadeh Beis ha'Ba'al (that does not need to be watered manually [See Tos. Yom-Tov]).
(b) He allows it - because it does not involve Tircha Yeseirah.
(c) The Chidush is that it is permitted even though it improves the field rather than sparing the owner a loss.
(d) He allows it on condition - that he does not water the entire field.
(a) The Tana Kama (Rebbi Eliezer ben Ya'akov) forbids watering on Chol ha'Mo'ed a field of seeds that was not watered before Yom-Tov ...
(b) ... since it will not get spoilt by not being watered on Chol ha'Mo'ed (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(a) The Chachamim rule - that either way, one is permitted to water it.
(b) The Chachamim also disagree with Rebbi Eliezer ben Ya'akov in that - one may water even a Sadeh Ba'al, even though it does not need to be watered to survive.
(c) We rule like Rebbi Eliezer ben Ya'akov - because the opening (S'tam) Mishnah supports him (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(d) Rebbi Eliezer ben Ya'akov permits watering even though it was not watered before Yom-Tov - a field that is automatically wet and muddy ...
(e) ... because it is equivalent to a field that was watered before Yom-Tov.
(a) The Mishnah permits trapping the Eishos - (moles) and the mice/rats in the way that one normally does on Chol ha'Mo'ed and in the Sh'mitah (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(b) One normally traps them - by digging a large hole in the field (See Tos. Yom-Tov) and placing a net in it.
(c) The Tana Kama permits trapping them normally - from both a Sadeh Lavan and a Sadeh Ilan.
(a) The Chachamim agree with the Tana Kama's ruling vis-a-vis a Sadeh Ilan, but not vis-a-vis a Sadeh Lavan - where they permit doing so with a Shinuy (in an unusual way) ...
(b) ... such as by sticking a spit-rod forcefully into the ground, moving it from side to side and withdrawing it (so that the hole in which one places the net is made automatically).
(c) The reason that they are more lenient regarding a Sadeh Ilan is - because the loss there is a large one (Hefsed Metrubeh), and therefore permitted without a Shinuy.
(d) The Chachamim concede that digging the pit in a regular manner is permitted even in a Sadeh Lavan if it is situated next to a Sadeh Ilan - because of the likelihood that the mice or the moles will attack it from the Sadeh Ilan.
(e) The Halachah is - like the Chachamim.
(a) The Tana - permits rebuilding a collapsed wall of a garden on Chol ha'Mo'ed without using cement, but during the Sh'mitah - even with cement.
(b) The Din will differ with regard to the collapsed wall of a courtyard - inasmuch as he permits rebuilding it using cement even of Chol ha'Mo'ed ...
(c) ... to prevent theft (Hefsed Merubeh).
(a) When Rebbi Meir permits the initial (See Tos. Yom-Tov) examination of Nega'im on Chol ha'Mo'ed Lehakeil, but not Lehachmir, he means - that the Kohen may examine the Metzora and pronounce him Tahor, but remain silent if he is Tamei (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(b) The Chachamim Lo Lehakeil ve'Lo Lehachmir'(in other words, the Kohen does not examine him at all ...
(c) ... because, based on the Pasuk in Tazri'a "Letaharo O le'Tam'o", they hold that once the Kohen examines the Metzora, he is not allowed to remain silent (but to pronounce him either Tahor or Tamei).
(d) The Halachah is - like the Chachamim.
(a) 'Likut Atzamos' is - re-interring the bones of one's deceased to a more befitting location in a coffin (See Tiferes Yisrael).
(b) Rebbi Meir also permits the Likut Atzamos of one's parents on Chol ha'Mo'ed - because a person is happy when he sees his deceased parents being buried in the family burial plot.
(c) Rebbi Yossi forbids it, because, he says - transporting bones is an act of Aveilus.
(d) The Halachah is - like Rebbi Yossi.
(a) The Mishnah unanimously forbids making a Hesped or being Me'orer al Meiso - thirty days before Yom-Tov.
(b) 'Me'orer al Meiso' means - hiring someone goes around calling the relatives and friends of someone who died same time earlier to come and eulogize him.
(c) Some say that these are forbidden in case one uses one's Yom-Tov money for these purposes - and thereby fails to fulfil the Miztvah of Simchas Yom-Tov (which is the reason for all the current Chumros.
(d) Others ascribe the prohibition to the fact - that it takes thirty days from the time of the Hesped to forget about the deceased.
(a) The Mishnah discusses digging Kuchin - (graves that are dug into rock below ground level) and graves (which are dug into the ground from the top) on Chol ha'Mo'ed.
(b) The Tana - forbids digging them on Chol ha'Mo'ed in advance ...
(c) ... but permits digging a grave for someone who dies on Chol ha'Mo'ed.
(d) The Mishnah also permits - lengthening or shortening Kuchin in advance if necessary (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(a) When the Tana permits making a 'Nivreches' on Chal ha'Mo'ed, he is referring to a sort of pool for laundering clothes (See Tiferes Yisrael) ...
(b) ... because it does not entail excessive Tircha.
(a) The Tana Kama also permits making the boards for a coffin and constructing ii in the courtyard where the deceased is lying (See Tos. Yom-Tov). He forbids doing so in another courtyard - because, not seeing a corpse in the Chatzer, people will think that he is performing some other forbidden task.
(b) It is permitted to make a coffin even in the Shuk however - if the deceased is well-known.
(c) The basic prohibition is not applicable nowadays - because we are few in number, and everybody knows when somebody has died (This reason is questionable nowadays in large cities).
(d) Rebbi Yehudah is more stringent than the Tana Kama. He only permits constructing a coffin even in the same courtyard as the deceased - provided the boards have already been made (since sawing them is a Tircha Yeseirah).
(e) The Halachah is - like the Tana Kama.
(a) The Mishnah forbids marrying a virgin ...
1. ... a widow and ...
2. ... a Yevamah - on Chol ha'Mo'ed ...
(b) ... because all of these cause a person Simchah ...
(c) ... and we have a principle 'Ein Me'arvin Simchah be'Simchah' (One is forbidden to combine one Simchah (shel Mitzvah) with another.
(d) This principle is based on the Pasuk in Re'ei "Vesamachta be'Chagecha" - ("be'Chagecha", 've'Lo be'Ishtecha').
(e) The Tana actually permits a man - to re-marry his divorcee, since that is not such a Simchah.
(a) The Tana - permits a woman to paint her eyes, smoothen her hair, paint her face and shave excess hair.
(b) Rebbi Yehudah forbids her to apply a face-pack on Chol ha'Mo'ed - because initially she looks ugly and is pained by the fact that she does.
(c) The Chachamim however - permit it ...
(d) And that is the Halachah.
(a) The Tana permits a Hedyot - (someone who is incapable of stitching a straight hem-line) to sew on Chol ha'Mo'ed.
(b) He permits an expert to stitch - provided he makes the stitches like the teeth of a dog (one higher and one lower).
(c) The Mishnah rules 'Mesargin es ha'Mitos' which means - to 'weave' the ropes (that serve as the base of the bed) criss-cross fashion (See Tos.Yom-Tov).
(d) Rebbi Yossi permits only - pulling the ropes that have come loose, tight, but not attaching them initially (See also Tiferes Yisrael).
(e) The Halachah is - like the Tana Kama.
(a) When the Mishnah writes 'Ma'amidim Tanur and a Kirayim be'Chol ha'Mo'ed', he means - that one is permitted to construct, set up or repair an oven on Chol ha'Mo'ed (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(b) A Tanur is a small rhombus-shaped oven that holds one pot, whereas a Kirayim is large and rectangular-shaped and holds two pots.
(c) 'Ma'amidin' applies to something that is moveable (as were the ovens then).
(a) When Rebbi Yehudah says 'Ein Mechabshin ha'Rechayim Lechatchilah (See Tos. Yom-Tov)', he means - that one is forbidden to clean out a mill that is blocked with flour-dust ...
(b) ... by banging on it with a hammer.
(c) The Halachah however is - like the Chachamim, who permit it.
(a) The Tana permits making a parapet around a roof or a balcony on Chol ha'Mo'ed - unprofessionally (See Tos. Yom-Tov).
(b) He permits using a wooden roller to fill in the cracks on one's roof or to add a slope to one's roof, and to smoothen the cement using one's hands and feet (but not a metal professional tool [See also Tos. Yom-Tov]).
(c) He also rules - that one is permitted to repair a hinge, a pipe, a beam, a lock or a key on Chol ha'Mo'ed (See also Tos. Yom-Tov).
(d) the Mishnah permits ...
1. ... all of the above - provided one does not deliberately leave them for Chol ha'Mo'ed.
2. ... pickling food - provided iom_tov.t will be ready to eat on Y
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