[73a - 44 lines; 73b - 54 lines]
1)[line 1]úìîåã ìåîøTALMUD LOMAR- the verse brought shows that one Kohen may not trade his portion of the sacrifices for the portion of another Kohen; rather, all of the Kohanim fit to receive portions of the Korbanos at the time divide the Korbanos equally
2)[line 2]ìëì áðé àäøï úäéä àéù ëàçéåL'CHOL BNEI AHARON TIHEYEH ISH K'ACHIV (MISHMAROS)
The Kohanim were divided into 24 shifts according to their families (Mishmaros), each of which served in the Mikdash for two weeks out of a year. The Mishmaros changed on Shabbos, when the outgoing Mishmar did the Avodah in the morning and the incoming Mishmar did the Avodah in the afternoon. Every Mishmar was further divided into six Batei Avos, with the Kohanim of each Beis Av serving on a different day of the week. On Shabbos, all the Batei Avos of the Mishmar did the Avodah together (see also Insights to Shekalim 18:1).
3a)[line 3]ùìà ÷îå úçúéäï áãìåúSHE'LO KAMU TACHTEIHEN B'DALUS- since they do not replace the Zevachim (animal sacrifices) with regard to obligatory Korbanos when the person who is obligated to bring the Korban is very poor (rather, Menachos replace Korbanos of birds in certain situations)
b)[line 5]÷îå úçúéäï áãìåúKAMU TACHTEIHEN B'DALUS- in certain situations, the Menachos replace obligatory Korbanos of birds when the person who is obligated to bring the Korban is very poor
4)[line 6]"åÀëÈì îÄðÀçÈä àÂùÑÆø úÌÅàÈôÆä áÌÇúÌÇðÌåÌø, åÀëÈì ðÇòÂùÒÈä áÇîÌÇøÀçÆùÑÆú åÀòÇì îÇçÂáÇú, ìÇëÌÉäÅï äÇîÌÇ÷ÀøÄéá àÉúÈäÌ ìåÉ úÄäÀéÆä. åÀëÈì îÄðÀçÈä áÀìåÌìÈä áÇùÑÌÆîÆï åÇçÂøÅáÈä, ìÀëÈì áÌÀðÅé àÇäÂøÉï úÌÄäÀéÆä, àÄéùÑ ëÌÀàÈçÄéå. åÀæÉàú úÌåÉøÇú æÆáÇç äÇùÑÌÀìÈîÄéí àÂùÑÆø éÇ÷ÀøÄéá ìÇä'. àÄí òÇì úÌåÉãÈä éÇ÷ÀøÄéáÆðÌåÌ ...""V'CHOL MINCHAH ASHER TE'AFEH BA'TANUR, V'CHOL NA'ASAH VA'MARCHESHES V'AL MACHAVAS, LA'KOHEN HA'MAKRIV OSAH, LO SIHEYEH. V'CHOL MINCHAH VELULAH VA'SHEMEN VA'CHAREVAH, L'CHOL BNEI AHARON TIHEYEH, ISH K'ACHIV. V'ZOS TORAS ZEVACH HA'SHELAMIM ASHER YAKRIV LA'SH-M. V'IM AL TODAH..."- "Any flour offering that is baked in an oven, and all that is prepared in the deep frying pan, and in the shallow frying pan, shall be for the Kohen who offers it. And any flour offering, mixed with oil, and dry, shall be for all the sons of Aharon, for one as much as for the other. And this is the instruction of Shelamim offering which one will offer to Hash-m. And if for thanksgiving [he brings his Korban...]" (Vayikra 7:9-12) - These are the verses with which the Gemara is working.
5a)[line 12]äììå òùééúï áéãHALALU ASIYASAN B'YAD- the offering of these (birds) is done with the hand [of the Kohen, i.e. through Melikah - see below, entry #16]
b)[line 12]åäììå òùééúï áëìéV'HALALU ASIYASAN BI'CHELI- while the offering of these (animals) is done with a utensil (the Shechitah knife)
6a)[line 17]æå îòùéä ÷ùéïZO MA'ASEHA KASHIN- the products of this one (the Minchas Machavas) are hard [baked goods]
b)[line 17]æå îòùéä øëéïV'ZO MA'ASEHA RAKIN- while the products of that one (the Minchas Marcheshes) are soft [baked goods]
7)[line 25]ääåà "îëì" ðô÷àHA'HU MI'"KOL" NAFKA- that Halachah is extracted from the word "Kol" (from Vayikra 7:10, see above, entry #4)
8)[line 26]åäà àôé÷úéä ìëãøáé éåñé áøáé éäåãäV'HA AFIKTEI LICHED'REBBI YOSI B'REBBI YEHUDAH- but have we not used that word for the teaching of Rebbi Yosi b'Rebbi Yehudah (from Daf 63b)?
9)[line 27]àìà ääåà î"åëì"ELA HA'HU MI'"V'CHOL"- that is learned from the extra letter "Vav" in the word "v'Chol"
10)[line 27]àúéà îãúðé ìåéASYA MID'TANI LEVI- it (the Halachah that the Minchas ha'Omer and the Minchas Kena'os are Nikmatzos and that their Sheyarim are eaten by the Kohanim) is learned from the Beraisa that Levi taught
11)[line 28]"[æÆä éÄäÀéÆä ìÀêÈ îÄ÷ÌÉãÆùÑ äÇ÷ÌÃãÈùÑÄéí îÄï äÈàÅùÑ,] ëÌÈì ÷ÈøÀáÌÈðÈí ìÀëÈì îÄðÀçÈúÈí åÌìÀëÈì çÇèÌÈàúÈí åÌìÀëÈì àÂùÑÈîÈí àÂùÑÆø éÈùÑÄéáåÌ ìÄé, ÷ÉãÆùÑ ÷ÈãÈùÑÄéí ìÀêÈ äåÌà åÌìÀáÈðÆéêÈ.""[ZEH YIHEYEH LECHA MI'KODESH HA'KODASHIM MIN HA'ESH,] KOL KORBANAM L'CHOL MINCHASAM UL'CHOL CHATASAM UL'CHOL ASHAMAM ASHER YASHIVU LI, KODESH KODASHIM LECHA HU ULE'VANECHA."- "[This will be for you (Aharon ha'Kohen) (i.e. your portion) from the most holy sacrifices, from the fire (i.e. after those parts that are designated to be burned on the Mizbe'ach are burned there),] all of their offerings all of their flour offerings, all of their sin offerings and all of their guilt offerings that they will return to Me, they are consecrated to you and your children." (Bamidbar 18:9)
12)[line 30]ìøáåú ìåâ ùîï ùì îöåøòL'RABOS LOG SHEMEN SHEL METZORA- to include the Log of olive oil of the Metzora (that the remainder of the oil is divided between the Kohanim) (for a discussion of the laws of a Metzora, see Background to Menachos 48:26)
13)[line 30]ñì÷à ãòúê àîéðà "îï äàù" ëúá øçîðàSALKA DA'ATACH "MIN HA'ESH" KASAV RACHMANA- you might assume that since the verse states "Min ha'Esh" - "from the fire (i.e. after those parts that are designated to be burned on the Mizbe'ach are burned there)," that only something from which a part of it is burned on the fires of the Mizbe'ach is given to the Kohanim (and none of the oil from the Log Shemen of the Metzora is burned on the Mizbe'ach)
14)[line 33]"åÀàÈëÀìåÌ àÉúÈí àÂùÑÆø ëÌËôÌÇø áÌÈäÆí ...""V'ACHLU OSAM ASHER KUPAR BAHEM ..."- "And they shall eat those things with which the atonement was made ..." (Shemos 29:33)
15a)[line 34]äàé ìäúéø ÷à àúéàHAI L'HATIR KA ASYA- this one (the Minchas ha'Omer) comes to permit Chadash to be eaten (see Background to Menachos 67:30)
b)[line 35]àéãê ðîé ìáøø ÷à àúéàIDACH NAMI L'VARER AVON KA'ASYA- that one (the Minchas Kena'os) comes to clarify [the matter as to whether] a sin [took place]
16)[line 36]ñì÷à ãòúê àîéðà ðáéìä äéàSALKA DA'ATACH AMINA NEVEILAH HI - you might assume that the Kohanim would not get a share of the Chatas ha'Of because when a bird is killed without ritual slaughter, its meat is prohibited to be eaten as Neveilah (MELIKAH)
Shechitah (ritual slaughter - see Background to Bava Kama 99:40) was not performed on birds that were brought as Korbanos. Instead, the Kohen performed Melikah by cutting the back of the neck of the bird with his right thumbnail, making sure to cut both Simanim (the trachea and the esophagus) of the Olas ha'Of or one Siman (either one) of the Chatas ha'Of. When performing Melikah on the Chatas ha'Of he would make sure not to sever both Simanim of the bird ("v'Lo Yavdil" - Vayikra 5:8).
17)[line 38]àùí ðæéø åàùí îöåøòASHAM NAZIR V'ASHAM METZORA (ASHAM METZORA B'HEDYA KESIV BEI KI KA'CHATAS HA'ASHAM HU LA'KOHEN ELA L'RABOS ASHAM NAZIR K'ASHAM METZORA)- (the words in parentheses belong after the words on line 41, "SALKA DA'ATACH AMINA L'HACHSHIR KA ASI, KA MASHMA LAN," as is the Girsa of the Sugya in Zevachim 44b)
18)[line 39]"... ëÌÄé ëÌÇçÇèÌÈàú äÈàÈùÑÈí äåÌà ìÇëÌÉäÅï ...""... KI KA'CHATAS HA'ASHAM HU LA'KOHEN ..."- "... for the Korban Asham is like the Korban Chatas for the Kohen ..." (Vayikra 14:13)
19)[line 41]ñì÷à ãòúê àîéðà ìäëùéø ÷à (àúé) [àúå]SALKA DA'ATACH AMINA L'HACHSHIR KA (ASI) [ASU]- you might assume that that Kohanim would not get a share of the Asham Nazir and the Asham Metzora because they are brought to render the Nazir fit to begin Nezirus Taharah once again and to render the Metzora fit to eat Kodshim (RASHI to Zevachim 44b DH l'Rabos)
20)[line 42]âæì äâøGEZEL HA'GER
If someone steals from a Ger who has no descendants (and therefore no legal relatives) and swears falsely to the Ger denying the theft, then later, after the Ger dies, admits to the theft, he must bring a Korban Asham, give to the Kohanim the value of the stolen object and add a fifth (of the ensuing total, or a quarter of the original value) (see Bamidbar 5:8).
73b----------------------------------------73b
21)[line 1]ùìîé äòåáãé ëåëáéí òåìåúSHALMEI HA'OVDEI KOCHAVIM OLAH- the Korbenos Shelamim brought by the Nochrim are offered as Korbenos Olah
22)[line 3]ìáå ìùîéíLIBO LA'SHAMAYIM- his heart is directed towards Heaven, i.e. when he pledges a sacrifice, his intention is that the entire animal should be sacrificed to HaSh-m
23)[line 4]"... àÂùÑÆø éÇ÷ÀøÄéáåÌ ìÇä' ìÀòÉìÈä.""ASHER YAKRIVU LA'SH-M L'OLAH"- see below, entry #26
24)[line 13]àÄéùÑ àÄéùÑISH ISH- the word "Ish" is repeated in the verse (see below, entry #26)
25a)[line 18]ìáåðäLEVONAH- frankincense or oliban (a gum resin from trees of present-day Arabia and India
b)[line 18]òöéíETZIM- wood to burn on the Mizbe'ach
26)[line 20]"... ìÀòÉìÈä.""... [L']OLAH."- "[Speak to Aharon, and to his sons, and to all the People of Yisrael, and say to them, 'Anyone ("Ish Ish") of the House of Yisrael, or of the converts in Yisrael, who will bring his offering for any of his vows, or for any of his voluntary offerings, which they will offer to HaSh-m] as a burnt offering.'" (Vayikra 22:18) - Rebbi Yosi ha'Gelili learns from the word "Olah" that even though Chazal teach that this verse allows Benei Yisrael to accept Korbanos as vows and voluntary offerings from the Nochrim, they may not accept Korbenos Nezirus from them.
27)[line 24]"... àÄéùÑ [àåÉ àÄùÑÌÈä] ëÌÄé éÇôÀìÄà ìÄðÀãÌÉø ðÆãÆø ðÈæÄéø ìÀäÇæÌÄéø [ìÇä'.]""... ISH [O ISHAH] KI YAFLI LINDOR NEDER NAZIR L'HAZIR [LA'SH-M.]"- "[Speak to the people of Yisrael, and say to them,] 'When either man [or woman] shall separate themselves to vow a vow of Nezirus, to separate themselves [for HaSh-m.']" (Bamidbar 6:2)
28)[line 25]ðãø ðæéøNEDER NAZIR (NEZIRUS)
(a)If a man or woman makes a vow to become a Nazir without stipulating a time period, the Nezirus lasts for a period of thirty days. If the person stipulates a time period, the Nezirus lasts for whatever amount of time he stipulated. During this period, the Nazir is not allowed to 1. cut his hair; 2. become Tamei by touching or being in the same room as a corpse; or 3. consume any products of the grapevine (Bamidbar 6:1-21, SEFER HA'CHINUCH #377). Transgressing any one of these prohibitions makes the Nazir liable to Malkus, as long as he was warned beforehand.
(b)When a Nazir completes his period of Nezirus, he must offer three sacrifices: a male sheep as an Olah, a female sheep as a Chatas, and a ram as a Shelamim. Together with the Shelamim he brings 6 and 2/3 Esronos of Soles (fine flour), which are made into 20 loaves of Matzah, 10 Chalos (unleavened loaves of Matzah) and 10 Rekikin (flat Matzos). He then shaves off the hair of his head and burns it under the cauldron in which the Zero'a (the right foreleg) of the Shelamim is cooked (Bamidbar 6:18). (SEFER HA'CHINUCH #377)
29)[line 25]ðåãøéïNODRIN- take a vow [a vow of Nezirus]
30)[line 31](åùéìç) [åùìç] òîä ðñëéä(V'SHILE'ACH) [V'SHALACH] IMAH NESACHEHA- and he sent the Minchas Nesachim (see Background to Menachos 57:11) with it
31)[line 33]åëì (çáéøúä) [àáéæøäà]V'CHOL (CHAVERTAH) [AVIZRAHA]- and all of its accessories (i.e. including the Minchas Nesachim)
32)[line 34]"[ëÌÈì] äÈàÆæÀøÈç [éÇòÂùÒÆä ëÌÈëÈä àÆú àÅìÌÆä, ìÀäÇ÷ÀøÄéá àÄùÑÌÅä øÅéçÇ ðÄéçÉçÇ ìÇä'.]""[KOL] HA'EZRACH [YA'ASEH KACHAH ES ELEH, L'HAKRIV ISHEI RE'ACH NICHO'ACH LA'SH-M]"- "[Every] citizen [shall do these [Nesachim offerings] like this (the amounts mentioned in verses 4-9), to bring a pleasing fire-offering to HaSh-m.]" (Bamidbar 15:13)
33)[line 36]"ëëä""KACHA"- see previous entry
34)[line 41]ñîé îääéà ééïSAMI MEHA'HI YAYIN- remove from here [from the Beraisa] the word "Yayin" - "wine"
35)[line 44]"... åÀäÈéÀúÈä ìÇëÌÉäÅï ëÌÇîÌÄðÀçÈä.""... V'HAYESAH LA'KOHEN KA'MINCHAH."- "... and it shall be to the Kohen like the [Korban] Minchah." (Vayikra 5:13) - This verse refers to the Korban Minchas Chotei, and teaches that its Sheyarim are eaten, like most other Korbenos Minchah.
36)[line 44]ùúäà òáåãúä ëùøä áå àúäSHE'TEHEI AVODASAH KESHEIRAH BO- that the offering of the Korban Minchas Chotei of a Kohen may be performed by the same Kohen who sinned
37)[line 48]"åÀëÈì îÄðÀçÇú ëÌÉäÅï ëÌÈìÄéì úÌÄäÀéÆä; ìÉà úÅàÈëÅì.""V'CHOL MINCHAS KOHEN KALIL TIHEYEH; LO SE'ACHEL."- "And every meal-offering of a Kohen shall be entirely [burned]; it shall not be eaten." (Vayikra 6:16).