(Mishnah): If one was not Chag (bring his Chagigah) on Yom Tov Rishon, he may be Chag at any time during the Regel, including Yom Tov Acharon;

If the Regel passed and he was not Chag, he has no Achrayus (obligation to bring it afterwards). About this it says "Me'uvas Lo Yuchal Liskon v'Chesron Lo Yuchal Lehimanos.''

(Gemara - R. Yochanan citing R. Yishmael): It says "Chamishah Asar'' regarding Pesach, and it says "Chamishah Asar'' regarding Sukos. Just like "Chamishah Asar'' said about Pesach, Yom Tov Acharon is Tashlumin for [Yom Tov] Rishon, also "Chamishah Asar'' said about Sukos, Yom Tov Acharon is Tashlumin for the Rishon.

(Yehudah bar Safra citing R. Hoshayah) Question: "V'Chagosem Osoh Chag la'Shem Shiv'as Yamim'' - are there only seven days [of Sukos]? There are eight days!

Answer: We exclude Shabbos from them (for Chagigah does not override Shabbos), and there are seven.

Question (R. Yosi): Do we learn from here that Chagigah does not override Shabbos? Do we do not learn from elsewhere?! (No Korban Yachid is Docheh Shabbos!)

Question (R. Yochanan, the brother of Rav Safra): It was taught also so about Pesach ("Chag ha'Matzos la'Shem Shiv'as Yamim'' (Vayikra 23:6. The Sifra expounds this to teach about Chagigah, according to the Gra's text.) Exclude Shabbos from them, and there are six! (SHA'AREI TORAS ERETZ YISRAEL)

Question: Exert yourself [and you will find the answer]! If Yom Tov Rishon and Yom Tov Acharon [of Sukos] are on Shabbos, exclude two days from them, and there are six!

Answer: R. Chananyah came [with a different version of] Yehudah bar Safra's teaching in the name of R. Hoshayah;

"V'Chagosem Osoh Chag la'Shem Shiv'as Yamim'' - are there only seven days [of Sukos]? There are eight days! Rather, exclude Shabbos from them for already we learned from elsewhere that Chagigah does not override Shabbos;

What do we learn from [the end of the verse] "Tachogu Oso''? This teaches that Yom Tov Acharon is Tashlumin for the Rishon. (This is unlike R. Yochanan, who learned this above from "Chamishah Asar-Chamishah Asar.'' We explained this like RIDVAZ.)

(R. Yochanan - Beraisa): Shemini Atzeres is a Regel unto itself, it has its own lottery, its own Brachah, and its own Korban (all this will be explained);

[It is an independent] Regel - R. Avun taught in the name of R. Acha, that regarding all [days of Sukos] it says "uva'Yom'', and here it says "b'Yom'', to teach that it is a Regel unto itself.

[It has its own] lottery - R. Yosi says, a Mishnah (Sukah 5:6) says so. (During Sukos, the lotteries were based on a rotation, so the Mishmaros will alternate offering the 70 bulls.) On Shemini Atzeres, they returned to cast a lottery like [other] Regalim (every Mishmar has a chance to offer the bull of Musaf).

[Its own] Brachah - R. La said, this is she'Hecheyanu.

[Its own] Korban - [the Musaf has only] one bull and one ram (whereas on Sukos, every day the Musaf is at least seven bulls and two rams).

(Mishnah - R. Shimon ben Menasiya): What is Me'uvas (crooked) that cannot be fixed? It is one who had Bi'ah with an Ervah, and fathered a Mamzer;

If you will say that it is a thief or robber - he can return it and fix [his Aveirah]!

R. Shimon ben Menasiya says, we call Me'uvas only something that was initially fixed and became crooked. What is this? It is a Talmid Chacham who separated from the Torah.

(Gemara - Beraisa - R. Shimon ben Yochai): If you see cities that were uprooted from their places in Eretz Yisrael, know that they did not support wages of people who teach Mikra and Mishnah [to children];

What is the source? "Al Mah Avdah ha'Aretz Nitzesah ka'Midbar mi'Bli Over; va'Yomer Hash-m Al Azvam Es Torasi.''

R. Yehudah ha'Nasi sent to R. Chiyah, R. Asi and R. Ami to establish in the cities in Eretz Yisrael teachers of Mikra and Mishnah;

They came to one place and did not find teachers of Mikra and Mishnah. They said to [the residents] "bring to us the guards of the city.'' They brought to them those who guard in the gates of the city.

Chachamim (R. Chiyah, R. Asi and R. Ami): These are not the guards of the city - they are the destroyers of the city!

The residents: Who are the guards of the city?

Chachamim: It is teachers of Mikra and Mishnah - "Im Hash-m Lo Yivneh Vayis... [if Hash-m will not guard a city, the guards watch over it in vain.'' Hash-m guards it in the merit of Torah,]

(R. Chunah citing R. Yirmeyah citing R. Shmuel bar Rav Yitzchak): We find that Hash-m overlooked Yisrael's Aveiros of idolatry, Arayos and murder, but He did not overlook that they despised Torah;

What is the source? It is not written 'Al Asher Asu Avodas Kochavim v'Giluy Arayos u'Shefichas Damim'', rather, "va'Yomer Hash-m Al Azvam Es Torasi.''

(R. Chiya bar Ba): [If it were only] "Osi Azvu'', I (Hash-m) would have pardoned them, for perhaps 'Es Torasi Shamaru.' Had they abandoned Me and guarded My Torah, the light in it would have brought them close to Me.

(Rav Huna): Learn Torah Lo Lishmah, for amidst Lo Lishmah, you will come to Lishmah.

R. Yehudah, when he would see people aggrandizing (following) a Mes or Kalah, he would put his eyes on Talmidim, and say "action comes before learning'' (go take part in the Mitzvah)!

They voted in the Aliyah of Beis Arim [and concluded] that learning comes before action.

R. Avahu was in Kisarin. He sent to his son R. Chaninah "merit (learn Torah) in Tiverya.'' They came and told him "he bestows Chesed'';

[R. Avahu] sent to him "are there no people to bury in Kisarin, that I sent you to Tiverya [to do Chesed?! I sent you to learn!] They already voted in the Aliyah of Beis Arim in Lud, that learning comes before action!

(Rabanan of Kisarin): We say so (learning comes before action) when there are others who will do [the Mitzvah], but if there is no one who will do it, action comes before learning.

A case occurred in which R. Chiyah, R. Yosa and R. Ami were late to come to R. Lazar [to learn from him]. He said to them "where were you?'' They said, we bestowed Chesed;

He said to them "were there no others [to do it]?'' They said, he was a foreigner [with no relatives here to help him].